diff --git a/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_api.go b/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_api.go
index a91054b9a..9a49fd1e2 100644
--- a/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_api.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_api.go
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // Val returns the json value.
-func (j *Json) Val() interface{} {
+func (j *Json) Value() interface{} {
 	j.mu.RLock()
 	defer j.mu.RUnlock()
 	return *(j.p)
@@ -27,35 +27,36 @@ func (j *Json) Val() interface{} {
 //
 // We can also access slice item by its index number in <pattern>,
 // eg: "items.name.first", "list.10".
-func (j *Json) Get(pattern...string) interface{} {
+//
+// It returns a default value specified by <def> if value for <pattern> is not found.
+func (j *Json) Get(pattern string, def...interface{}) interface{} {
 	j.mu.RLock()
 	defer j.mu.RUnlock()
 
-	queryPattern := ""
-	if len(pattern) > 0 {
-		queryPattern = pattern[0]
-	}
 	var result *interface{}
 	if j.vc {
-		result = j.getPointerByPattern(queryPattern)
+		result = j.getPointerByPattern(pattern)
 	} else {
-		result = j.getPointerByPatternWithoutViolenceCheck(queryPattern)
+		result = j.getPointerByPatternWithoutViolenceCheck(pattern)
 	}
 	if result != nil {
 		return *result
 	}
+	if len(def) > 0 {
+		return def[0]
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 // GetVar returns a *gvar.Var with value by given <pattern>.
-func (j *Json) GetVar(pattern...string) *gvar.Var {
-	return gvar.New(j.Get(pattern...), true)
+func (j *Json) GetVar(pattern string, def...interface{}) *gvar.Var {
+	return gvar.New(j.Get(pattern, def...), true)
 }
 
 // GetMap gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to map[string]interface{}.
-func (j *Json) GetMap(pattern string) map[string]interface{} {
-    result := j.Get(pattern)
+func (j *Json) GetMap(pattern string, def...interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+    result := j.Get(pattern, def...)
     if result != nil {
         return gconv.Map(result)
     }
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ func (j *Json) GetMap(pattern string) map[string]interface{} {
 
 // GetJson gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to a Json object.
-func (j *Json) GetJson(pattern string) *Json {
-    result := j.Get(pattern)
+func (j *Json) GetJson(pattern string, def...interface{}) *Json {
+    result := j.Get(pattern, def...)
     if result != nil {
         return New(result)
     }
@@ -74,8 +75,8 @@ func (j *Json) GetJson(pattern string) *Json {
 
 // GetJsons gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to a slice of Json object.
-func (j *Json) GetJsons(pattern string) []*Json {
-    array := j.GetArray(pattern)
+func (j *Json) GetJsons(pattern string, def...interface{}) []*Json {
+    array := j.GetArray(pattern, def...)
     if len(array) > 0 {
         jsons := make([]*Json, len(array))
         for i := 0; i < len(array); i++ {
@@ -88,101 +89,101 @@ func (j *Json) GetJsons(pattern string) []*Json {
 
 // GetArray gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to a slice of []interface{}.
-func (j *Json) GetArray(pattern string) []interface{} {
-    return gconv.Interfaces(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetArray(pattern string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+    return gconv.Interfaces(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
 // GetString gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to string.
-func (j *Json) GetString(pattern string) string {
-    return gconv.String(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetString(pattern string, def...interface{}) string {
+    return gconv.String(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
 // GetBool gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to bool.
 // It returns false when value is: "", 0, false, off, nil;
 // or returns true instead.
-func (j *Json) GetBool(pattern string) bool {
-    return gconv.Bool(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetBool(pattern string, def...interface{}) bool {
+    return gconv.Bool(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetInt(pattern string) int {
-    return gconv.Int(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInt(pattern string, def...interface{}) int {
+    return gconv.Int(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetInt8(pattern string) int8 {
-    return gconv.Int8(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInt8(pattern string, def...interface{}) int8 {
+    return gconv.Int8(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetInt16(pattern string) int16 {
-    return gconv.Int16(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInt16(pattern string, def...interface{}) int16 {
+    return gconv.Int16(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetInt32(pattern string) int32 {
-    return gconv.Int32(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInt32(pattern string, def...interface{}) int32 {
+    return gconv.Int32(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetInt64(pattern string) int64 {
-    return gconv.Int64(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInt64(pattern string, def...interface{}) int64 {
+    return gconv.Int64(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetInts(pattern string) []int {
-    return gconv.Ints(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetUint(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint {
+    return gconv.Uint(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetUint(pattern string) uint {
-    return gconv.Uint(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetUint8(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint8 {
+    return gconv.Uint8(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetUint8(pattern string) uint8 {
-    return gconv.Uint8(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetUint16(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint16 {
+    return gconv.Uint16(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetUint16(pattern string) uint16 {
-    return gconv.Uint16(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetUint32(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint32 {
+    return gconv.Uint32(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetUint32(pattern string) uint32 {
-    return gconv.Uint32(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetUint64(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint64 {
+    return gconv.Uint64(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetUint64(pattern string) uint64 {
-    return gconv.Uint64(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetFloat32(pattern string, def...interface{}) float32 {
+    return gconv.Float32(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetFloat32(pattern string) float32 {
-    return gconv.Float32(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetFloat64(pattern string, def...interface{}) float64 {
+    return gconv.Float64(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetFloat64(pattern string) float64 {
-    return gconv.Float64(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetFloats(pattern string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
+    return gconv.Floats(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetFloats(pattern string) []float64 {
-    return gconv.Floats(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInts(pattern string, def...interface{}) []int {
+	return gconv.Ints(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
 // GetStrings gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to a slice of []string.
-func (j *Json) GetStrings(pattern string) []string {
-	return gconv.Strings(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetStrings(pattern string, def...interface{}) []string {
+	return gconv.Strings(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
 // See GetArray.
-func (j *Json) GetInterfaces(pattern string) []interface{} {
-	return gconv.Interfaces(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetInterfaces(pattern string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+	return gconv.Interfaces(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetTime(pattern string, format ... string) time.Time {
+func (j *Json) GetTime(pattern string, format... string) time.Time {
 	return gconv.Time(j.Get(pattern), format...)
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetTimeDuration(pattern string) time.Duration {
-	return gconv.TimeDuration(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetTimeDuration(pattern string, def...interface{}) time.Duration {
+	return gconv.TimeDuration(j.Get(pattern, def...))
 }
 
-func (j *Json) GetGTime(pattern string) *gtime.Time {
-	return gconv.GTime(j.Get(pattern))
+func (j *Json) GetGTime(pattern string, format... string) *gtime.Time {
+	return gconv.GTime(j.Get(pattern), format...)
 }
 
 // Set sets value with specified <pattern>.
@@ -236,17 +237,17 @@ func (j *Json) Append(pattern string, value interface{}) error {
 
 // GetToVar gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to specified golang variable <v>.
-// The <v> should be a pointer type.
-func (j *Json) GetToVar(pattern string, v interface{}) error {
+// The <pointer> should be a pointer type.
+func (j *Json) GetToVar(pattern string, pointer interface{}) error {
 	r := j.Get(pattern)
 	if r != nil {
 		if t, err := Encode(r); err == nil {
-			return DecodeTo(t, v)
+			return DecodeTo(t, pointer)
 		} else {
 			return err
 		}
 	} else {
-		v = nil
+		pointer = nil
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -254,8 +255,8 @@ func (j *Json) GetToVar(pattern string, v interface{}) error {
 // GetToStruct gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to specified object <objPointer>.
 // The <objPointer> should be the pointer to an object.
-func (j *Json) GetToStruct(pattern string, objPointer interface{}) error {
-	return gconv.Struct(j.Get(pattern), objPointer)
+func (j *Json) GetToStruct(pattern string, pointer interface{}) error {
+	return gconv.Struct(j.Get(pattern), pointer)
 }
 
 // ToMap converts current Json object to map[string]interface{}.
diff --git a/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api.go b/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api.go
index f3ba39c3d..f4f4ec7db 100644
--- a/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api.go
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ import (
 )
 
 // Val returns the value.
-func (p *Parser) Val() interface{} {
-	return p.json.Val()
+func (p *Parser) Value() interface{} {
+	return p.json.Value()
 }
 
 // Get returns value by specified <pattern>.
@@ -23,131 +23,133 @@ func (p *Parser) Val() interface{} {
 //
 // We can also access slice item by its index number in <pattern>,
 // eg: "items.name.first", "list.10".
-func (p *Parser) Get(pattern...string) interface{} {
-	return p.json.Get(pattern...)
+//
+// It returns a default value specified by <def> if value for <pattern> is not found.
+func (p *Parser) Get(pattern string, def...interface{}) interface{} {
+	return p.json.Get(pattern, def...)
 }
 
 // GetVar returns a *gvar.Var with value by given <pattern>.
-func (p *Parser) GetVar(pattern...string) *gvar.Var {
-	return p.json.GetVar(pattern...)
+func (p *Parser) GetVar(pattern string, def...interface{}) *gvar.Var {
+	return p.json.GetVar(pattern, def...)
 }
 
 // GetMap gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to map[string]interface{}.
-func (p *Parser) GetMap(pattern string) map[string]interface{} {
-    return p.json.GetMap(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetMap(pattern string, def...interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+    return p.json.GetMap(pattern, def...)
 }
 
 // GetArray gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to a slice of []interface{}.
-func (p *Parser) GetArray(pattern string) []interface{} {
-    return p.json.GetArray(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetArray(pattern string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+    return p.json.GetArray(pattern, def...)
 }
 
 // GetString gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to string.
-func (p *Parser) GetString(pattern string) string {
-    return p.json.GetString(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetString(pattern string, def...interface{}) string {
+    return p.json.GetString(pattern, def...)
 }
 
 // GetBool gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to bool.
 // It returns false when value is: "", 0, false, off, nil;
 // or returns true instead.
-func (p *Parser) GetBool(pattern string) bool {
-    return p.json.GetBool(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetBool(pattern string, def...interface{}) bool {
+    return p.json.GetBool(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInt(pattern string) int {
-    return p.json.GetInt(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInt(pattern string, def...interface{}) int {
+    return p.json.GetInt(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInt8(pattern string) int8 {
-    return p.json.GetInt8(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInt8(pattern string, def...interface{}) int8 {
+    return p.json.GetInt8(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInt16(pattern string) int16 {
-    return p.json.GetInt16(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInt16(pattern string, def...interface{}) int16 {
+    return p.json.GetInt16(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInt32(pattern string) int32 {
-    return p.json.GetInt32(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInt32(pattern string, def...interface{}) int32 {
+    return p.json.GetInt32(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInt64(pattern string) int64 {
-    return p.json.GetInt64(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInt64(pattern string, def...interface{}) int64 {
+    return p.json.GetInt64(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInts(pattern string) []int {
-    return p.json.GetInts(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInts(pattern string, def...interface{}) []int {
+    return p.json.GetInts(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetUint(pattern string) uint {
-    return p.json.GetUint(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetUint(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint {
+    return p.json.GetUint(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetUint8(pattern string) uint8 {
-    return p.json.GetUint8(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetUint8(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint8 {
+    return p.json.GetUint8(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetUint16(pattern string) uint16 {
-    return p.json.GetUint16(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetUint16(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint16 {
+    return p.json.GetUint16(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetUint32(pattern string) uint32 {
-    return p.json.GetUint32(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetUint32(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint32 {
+    return p.json.GetUint32(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetUint64(pattern string) uint64 {
-    return p.json.GetUint64(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetUint64(pattern string, def...interface{}) uint64 {
+    return p.json.GetUint64(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetFloat32(pattern string) float32 {
-    return p.json.GetFloat32(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetFloat32(pattern string, def...interface{}) float32 {
+    return p.json.GetFloat32(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetFloat64(pattern string) float64 {
-    return p.json.GetFloat64(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetFloat64(pattern string, def...interface{}) float64 {
+    return p.json.GetFloat64(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetFloats(pattern string) []float64 {
-    return p.json.GetFloats(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetFloats(pattern string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
+    return p.json.GetFloats(pattern, def...)
 }
 
 // GetStrings gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to a slice of []string.
-func (p *Parser) GetStrings(pattern string) []string {
-	return p.json.GetStrings(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetStrings(pattern string, def...interface{}) []string {
+	return p.json.GetStrings(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetInterfaces(pattern string) []interface{} {
-	return p.json.GetInterfaces(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetInterfaces(pattern string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+	return p.json.GetInterfaces(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetTime(pattern string, format ... string) time.Time {
+func (p *Parser) GetTime(pattern string, format...string) time.Time {
 	return p.json.GetTime(pattern, format...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetTimeDuration(pattern string) time.Duration {
-	return p.json.GetTimeDuration(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetTimeDuration(pattern string, def...interface{}) time.Duration {
+	return p.json.GetTimeDuration(pattern, def...)
 }
 
-func (p *Parser) GetGTime(pattern string) *gtime.Time {
-	return p.json.GetGTime(pattern)
+func (p *Parser) GetGTime(pattern string, format...string) *gtime.Time {
+	return p.json.GetGTime(pattern, format...)
 }
 
 // GetToVar gets the value by specified <pattern>,
 // and converts it to specified golang variable <v>.
 // The <v> should be a pointer type.
-func (p *Parser) GetToVar(pattern string, v interface{}) error {
-	return p.json.GetToVar(pattern, v)
+func (p *Parser) GetToVar(pattern string, pointer interface{}) error {
+	return p.json.GetToVar(pattern, pointer)
 }
 
 // GetToStruct gets the value by specified <pattern>,
-// and converts it to specified object <objPointer>.
-// The <objPointer> should be the pointer to an object.
-func (p *Parser) GetToStruct(pattern string, objPointer interface{}) error {
-    return p.json.GetToStruct(pattern, objPointer)
+// and converts it to specified object <pointer>.
+// The <pointer> should be the pointer to a struct.
+func (p *Parser) GetToStruct(pattern string, pointer interface{}) error {
+    return p.json.GetToStruct(pattern, pointer)
 }
 
 // Set sets value with specified <pattern>.
diff --git a/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api_new_load.go b/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api_new_load.go
index 95142d437..434d05bd1 100644
--- a/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api_new_load.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_api_new_load.go
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func New(value interface{}, unsafe...bool) *Parser {
 }
 
 // NewUnsafe creates a un-concurrent-safe Parser object.
-func NewUnsafe (value...interface{}) *Parser {
+func NewUnsafe(value...interface{}) *Parser {
     if len(value) > 0 {
         return &Parser{gjson.New(value[0], false)}
     }
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func NewUnsafe (value...interface{}) *Parser {
 
 // Load loads content from specified file <path>,
 // and creates a Parser object from its content.
-func Load (path string, unsafe...bool) (*Parser, error) {
+func Load(path string, unsafe...bool) (*Parser, error) {
     if j, e := gjson.Load(path, unsafe...); e == nil {
         return &Parser{j}, nil
     } else {
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func Load (path string, unsafe...bool) (*Parser, error) {
 // LoadContent creates a Parser object from given content,
 // it checks the data type of <content> automatically,
 // supporting JSON, XML, YAML and TOML types of data.
-func LoadContent (data []byte, unsafe...bool) (*Parser, error) {
+func LoadContent(data []byte, unsafe...bool) (*Parser, error) {
     if j, e := gjson.LoadContent(data, unsafe...); e == nil {
         return &Parser{j}, nil
     } else {
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request.go
index 9f8c314dc..20ef21458 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request.go
@@ -71,12 +71,12 @@ func (r *Request) WebSocket() (*WebSocket, error) {
 
 // 获得指定名称的参数字符串(Router/GET/POST)，同 GetRequestString
 // 这是常用方法的简化别名
-func (r *Request) Get(key string, def ... string) string {
+func (r *Request) Get(key string, def...interface{}) string {
     return r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
 }
 
 // 建议都用该参数替代参数获取
-func (r *Request) GetVar(key string, def ... interface{}) gvar.VarRead {
+func (r *Request) GetVar(key string, def...interface{}) gvar.VarRead {
     return r.GetRequestVar(key, def...)
 }
 
@@ -110,43 +110,43 @@ func (r *Request) GetJson() *gjson.Json {
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetString(key string, def ... string) string {
+func (r *Request) GetString(key string, def...interface{}) string {
     return r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetInt(key string, def ... int) int {
+func (r *Request) GetInt(key string, def...interface{}) int {
     return r.GetRequestInt(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetInts(key string, def ... []int) []int {
+func (r *Request) GetInts(key string, def...interface{}) []int {
     return r.GetRequestInts(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetUint(key string, def ... uint) uint {
+func (r *Request) GetUint(key string, def...interface{}) uint {
     return r.GetRequestUint(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetFloat32(key string, def ... float32) float32 {
+func (r *Request) GetFloat32(key string, def...interface{}) float32 {
     return r.GetRequestFloat32(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetFloat64(key string, def ... float64) float64 {
+func (r *Request) GetFloat64(key string, def...interface{}) float64 {
     return r.GetRequestFloat64(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetFloats(key string, def ... []float64) []float64 {
+func (r *Request) GetFloats(key string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
     return r.GetRequestFloats(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetArray(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetArray(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetRequestArray(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetStrings(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetStrings(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetRequestStrings(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetInterfaces(key string, def ... []interface{}) []interface{} {
+func (r *Request) GetInterfaces(key string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
     return r.GetRequestInterfaces(key, def...)
 }
 
@@ -154,9 +154,10 @@ func (r *Request) GetMap(def...map[string]string) map[string]string {
     return r.GetRequestMap(def...)
 }
 
-// 将所有的request参数映射到struct属性上，参数object应当为一个struct对象的指针, mapping为非必需参数，自定义参数与属性的映射关系
-func (r *Request) GetToStruct(object interface{}, mapping...map[string]string) {
-    r.GetRequestToStruct(object, mapping...)
+// 将所有的request参数映射到struct属性上，参数pointer应当为一个struct对象的指针,
+// mapping为非必需参数，自定义参数与属性的映射关系
+func (r *Request) GetToStruct(pointer interface{}, mapping...map[string]string) {
+    r.GetRequestToStruct(pointer, mapping...)
 }
 
 // 仅退出当前逻辑执行函数, 如:服务函数、HOOK函数
@@ -233,9 +234,9 @@ func (r *Request) GetReferer() string {
 }
 
 // 获得结构体对象的参数名称标签，构成map返回
-func (r *Request) getStructParamsTagMap(object interface{}) map[string]string {
+func (r *Request) getStructParamsTagMap(pointer interface{}) map[string]string {
     tagMap := make(map[string]string)
-    fields := structs.Fields(object)
+    fields := structs.Fields(pointer)
     for _, field := range fields {
         if tag := field.Tag("params"); tag != "" {
             for _, v := range strings.Split(tag, ",") {
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_params.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_params.go
index e5d6268cc..21a73086e 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_params.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_params.go
@@ -17,12 +17,15 @@ func (r *Request) SetParam(key string, value interface{}) {
 }
 
 // 获取请求流程共享变量
-func (r *Request) GetParam(key string) gvar.VarRead {
+func (r *Request) GetParam(key string, def...interface{}) gvar.VarRead {
     if r.params != nil {
         if v, ok := r.params[key]; ok {
             return gvar.New(v, true)
         }
     }
+    if len(def) > 0 {
+    	return gvar.New(def[0], true)
+    }
     return gvar.New(nil, true)
 }
 
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_post.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_post.go
index 83e582ffe..f78c3bfbb 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_post.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_post.go
@@ -32,121 +32,94 @@ func (r *Request) AddPost(key string, value string) {
 }
 
 // 获得post参数
-func (r *Request) GetPost(key string, def...[]string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetPost(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     r.initPost()
     if v, ok := r.PostForm[key]; ok {
         return v
     }
     if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
+        return gconv.Strings(def[0])
     }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostString(key string, def ... string) string {
-    value := r.GetPost(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostString(key string, def...interface{}) string {
+    value := r.GetPost(key, def...)
     if value != nil && value[0] != "" {
         return value[0]
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return ""
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostBool(key string, def ... bool) bool {
-    value := r.GetPostString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostBool(key string, def...interface{}) bool {
+    value := r.GetPostString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Bool(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return false
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostInt(key string, def ... int) int {
-    value := r.GetPostString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostInt(key string, def...interface{}) int {
+    value := r.GetPostString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Int(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostInts(key string, def ... []int) []int {
-    value := r.GetPost(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostInts(key string, def...interface{}) []int {
+    value := r.GetPost(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Ints(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostUint(key string, def ... uint) uint {
-    value := r.GetPostString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostUint(key string, def...interface{}) uint {
+    value := r.GetPostString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Uint(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostFloat32(key string, def ... float32) float32 {
-    value := r.GetPostString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostFloat32(key string, def...interface{}) float32 {
+    value := r.GetPostString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Float32(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostFloat64(key string, def ... float64) float64 {
-    value := r.GetPostString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostFloat64(key string, def...interface{}) float64 {
+    value := r.GetPostString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Float64(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostFloats(key string, def ... []float64) []float64 {
-    value := r.GetPost(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostFloats(key string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
+    value := r.GetPost(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Floats(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostArray(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetPostArray(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetPost(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostStrings(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetPostStrings(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetPost(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetPostInterfaces(key string, def ... []interface{}) []interface{} {
-    value := r.GetPost(key)
+func (r *Request) GetPostInterfaces(key string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+    value := r.GetPost(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Interfaces(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_query.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_query.go
index e39a224db..bfc437aef 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_query.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_query.go
@@ -41,126 +41,99 @@ func (r *Request) AddQuery(key string, value string) {
 }
 
 // 获得指定名称的get参数列表
-func (r *Request) GetQuery(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetQuery(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     r.initGet()
     if v, ok := r.queryVars[key]; ok {
         return v
     }
     if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
+        return gconv.Strings(def[0])
     }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryString(key string, def ... string) string {
-    value := r.GetQuery(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryString(key string, def...interface{}) string {
+    value := r.GetQuery(key, def...)
     if value != nil && value[0] != "" {
         return value[0]
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return ""
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryBool(key string, def ... bool) bool {
-    value := r.GetQueryString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryBool(key string, def...interface{}) bool {
+    value := r.GetQueryString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Bool(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return false
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryInt(key string, def ... int) int {
-    value := r.GetQueryString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryInt(key string, def...interface{}) int {
+    value := r.GetQueryString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Int(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryInts(key string, def ... []int) []int {
-    value := r.GetQuery(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryInts(key string, def...interface{}) []int {
+    value := r.GetQuery(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Ints(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryUint(key string, def ... uint) uint {
-    value := r.GetQueryString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryUint(key string, def...interface{}) uint {
+    value := r.GetQueryString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Uint(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryFloat32(key string, def ... float32) float32 {
-    value := r.GetQueryString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryFloat32(key string, def...interface{}) float32 {
+    value := r.GetQueryString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Float32(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryFloat64(key string, def ... float64) float64 {
-    value := r.GetQueryString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryFloat64(key string, def...interface{}) float64 {
+    value := r.GetQueryString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Float64(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryFloats(key string, def ... []float64) []float64 {
-    value := r.GetQuery(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryFloats(key string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
+    value := r.GetQuery(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Floats(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryArray(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetQueryArray(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetQuery(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryStrings(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetQueryStrings(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetQuery(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetQueryInterfaces(key string, def ... []interface{}) []interface{} {
-    value := r.GetQuery(key)
+func (r *Request) GetQueryInterfaces(key string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+    value := r.GetQuery(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Interfaces(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
 // 获取指定键名的关联数组，并且给定当指定键名不存在时的默认值
-func (r *Request) GetQueryMap(def ... map[string]string) map[string]string {
+func (r *Request) GetQueryMap(def... map[string]string) map[string]string {
     r.initGet()
     m := make(map[string]string)
     for k, v := range r.queryVars {
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_request.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_request.go
index f73485085..32cc6fb8f 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_request.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_request.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // 获得router、post或者get提交的参数，如果有同名参数，那么按照router->get->post优先级进行覆盖
-func (r *Request) GetRequest(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetRequest(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     v := r.GetRouterArray(key)
     if v == nil {
         v = r.GetQuery(key)
@@ -21,126 +21,96 @@ func (r *Request) GetRequest(key string, def ... []string) []string {
         v = r.GetPost(key)
     }
     if v == nil && len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
+        return gconv.Strings(def[0])
     }
     return v
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestVar(key string, def ... interface{}) gvar.VarRead {
-    value := r.GetRequest(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestVar(key string, def...interface{}) gvar.VarRead {
+    value := r.GetRequest(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gvar.New(value[0], true)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return gvar.New(def[0], true)
-    }
     return gvar.New(nil, true)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestString(key string, def ... string) string {
-    value := r.GetRequest(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestString(key string, def...interface{}) string {
+    value := r.GetRequest(key, def...)
     if value != nil && value[0] != "" {
         return value[0]
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return ""
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestBool(key string, def ... bool) bool {
-    value := r.GetRequestString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestBool(key string, def...interface{}) bool {
+    value := r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Bool(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return false
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestInt(key string, def ... int) int {
-    value := r.GetRequestString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestInt(key string, def...interface{}) int {
+    value := r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Int(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestInts(key string, def ... []int) []int {
-    value := r.GetRequest(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestInts(key string, def...interface{}) []int {
+    value := r.GetRequest(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Ints(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestUint(key string, def ... uint) uint {
-    value := r.GetRequestString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestUint(key string, def...interface{}) uint {
+    value := r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Uint(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestFloat32(key string, def ... float32) float32 {
-    value := r.GetRequestString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestFloat32(key string, def...interface{}) float32 {
+    value := r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Float32(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestFloat64(key string, def ... float64) float64 {
-    value := r.GetRequestString(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestFloat64(key string, def...interface{}) float64 {
+    value := r.GetRequestString(key, def...)
     if value != "" {
         return gconv.Float64(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return 0
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestFloats(key string, def ... []float64) []float64 {
-    value := r.GetRequest(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestFloats(key string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
+    value := r.GetRequest(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Floats(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestArray(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetRequestArray(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetRequest(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestStrings(key string, def ... []string) []string {
+func (r *Request) GetRequestStrings(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
     return r.GetRequest(key, def...)
 }
 
-func (r *Request) GetRequestInterfaces(key string, def ... []interface{}) []interface{} {
-    value := r.GetRequest(key)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestInterfaces(key string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+    value := r.GetRequest(key, def...)
     if value != nil {
         return gconv.Interfaces(value)
     }
-    if len(def) > 0 {
-        return def[0]
-    }
     return nil
 }
 
@@ -162,8 +132,8 @@ func (r *Request) GetRequestMap(def...map[string]string) map[string]string {
 }
 
 // 将所有的request参数映射到struct属性上，参数object应当为一个struct对象的指针, mapping为非必需参数，自定义参数与属性的映射关系
-func (r *Request) GetRequestToStruct(object interface{}, mapping...map[string]string) error {
-    tagmap := r.getStructParamsTagMap(object)
+func (r *Request) GetRequestToStruct(pointer interface{}, mapping...map[string]string) error {
+    tagmap := r.getStructParamsTagMap(pointer)
     if len(mapping) > 0 {
         for k, v := range mapping[0] {
             tagmap[k] = v
@@ -178,6 +148,6 @@ func (r *Request) GetRequestToStruct(object interface{}, mapping...map[string]st
             params = j.ToMap()
         }
     }
-    return gconv.Struct(params, object, tagmap)
+    return gconv.Struct(params, pointer, tagmap)
 }
 
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_cookie.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_cookie.go
index 97689b620..592aae043 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_cookie.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_cookie.go
@@ -134,15 +134,16 @@ func (c *Cookie) SetSessionId(id string) {
 }
 
 // 查询cookie
-func (c *Cookie) Get(key string) string {
+func (c *Cookie) Get(key string, def...string) string {
     c.init()
     if r, ok := c.data[key]; ok {
         if r.expire >= 0 {
             return r.value
-        } else {
-            return ""
         }
     }
+    if len(def) > 0 {
+    	return def[0]
+    }
     return ""
 }
 
diff --git a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_session.go b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_session.go
index e1bdbb4c6..134855959 100644
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_session.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_session.go
@@ -99,17 +99,22 @@ func (s *Session) Contains (key string) bool {
 }
 
 // 获取SESSION变量
-func (s *Session) Get(key string) interface{}  {
+func (s *Session) Get(key string, def...interface{}) interface{}  {
     if len(s.id) > 0 || s.request.Cookie.GetSessionId() != "" {
         s.init()
-        return s.data.Get(key)
+        if v := s.data.Get(key); v != nil {
+        	return v
+        }
+    }
+    if len(def) > 0 {
+    	return def[0]
     }
     return nil
 }
 
 // 获取SESSION，建议都用该方法获取参数
-func (s *Session) GetVar(key string) gvar.VarRead  {
-    return gvar.NewRead(s.Get(key), true)
+func (s *Session) GetVar(key string, def...interface{}) gvar.VarRead  {
+    return gvar.NewRead(s.Get(key, def...), true)
 }
 
 // 删除session
@@ -135,80 +140,80 @@ func (s *Session) UpdateExpire() {
     }
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetString(key string) string {
-    return gconv.String(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetString(key string, def...interface{}) string {
+    return gconv.String(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetBool(key string) bool {
-    return gconv.Bool(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetBool(key string, def...interface{}) bool {
+    return gconv.Bool(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetInt(key string) int {
-    return gconv.Int(s.Get(key)) }
-
-
-func (s *Session) GetInt8(key string) int8 {
-    return gconv.Int8(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetInt(key string, def...interface{}) int {
+    return gconv.Int(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetInt16(key string) int16 {
-    return gconv.Int16(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetInt8(key string, def...interface{}) int8 {
+    return gconv.Int8(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetInt32(key string) int32 {
-    return gconv.Int32(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetInt16(key string, def...interface{}) int16 {
+    return gconv.Int16(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetInt64(key string) int64 {
-    return gconv.Int64(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetInt32(key string, def...interface{}) int32 {
+    return gconv.Int32(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetUint(key string) uint {
-    return gconv.Uint(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetInt64(key string, def...interface{}) int64 {
+    return gconv.Int64(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetUint8(key string) uint8 {
-    return gconv.Uint8(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetUint(key string, def...interface{}) uint {
+    return gconv.Uint(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetUint16(key string) uint16 {
-    return gconv.Uint16(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetUint8(key string, def...interface{}) uint8 {
+    return gconv.Uint8(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetUint32(key string) uint32 {
-    return gconv.Uint32(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetUint16(key string, def...interface{}) uint16 {
+    return gconv.Uint16(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetUint64(key string) uint64 {
-    return gconv.Uint64(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetUint32(key string, def...interface{}) uint32 {
+    return gconv.Uint32(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetFloat32(key string) float32 {
-    return gconv.Float32(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetUint64(key string, def...interface{}) uint64 {
+    return gconv.Uint64(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetFloat64(key string) float64 {
-    return gconv.Float64(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetFloat32(key string, def...interface{}) float32 {
+    return gconv.Float32(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetBytes(key string) []byte {
-    return gconv.Bytes(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetFloat64(key string, def...interface{}) float64 {
+    return gconv.Float64(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetInts(key string) []int {
-    return gconv.Ints(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetBytes(key string, def...interface{}) []byte {
+    return gconv.Bytes(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetFloats(key string) []float64 {
-    return gconv.Floats(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetInts(key string, def...interface{}) []int {
+    return gconv.Ints(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetStrings(key string) []string {
-    return gconv.Strings(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetFloats(key string, def...interface{}) []float64 {
+    return gconv.Floats(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetInterfaces(key string) []interface{} {
-    return gconv.Interfaces(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetStrings(key string, def...interface{}) []string {
+    return gconv.Strings(s.Get(key, def...))
+}
+
+func (s *Session) GetInterfaces(key string, def...interface{}) []interface{} {
+    return gconv.Interfaces(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
 func (s *Session) GetTime(key string, format...string) time.Time {
@@ -219,13 +224,13 @@ func (s *Session) GetGTime(key string, format...string) *gtime.Time {
     return gconv.GTime(s.Get(key), format...)
 }
 
-func (s *Session) GetTimeDuration(key string) time.Duration {
-    return gconv.TimeDuration(s.Get(key))
+func (s *Session) GetTimeDuration(key string, def...interface{}) time.Duration {
+    return gconv.TimeDuration(s.Get(key, def...))
 }
 
-// 将变量转换为对象，注意 objPointer 参数必须为struct指针
-func (s *Session) GetStruct(key string, objPointer interface{}, attrMapping...map[string]string) error {
-    return gconv.Struct(s.Get(key), objPointer, attrMapping...)
+// 将变量转换为对象，注意 pointer 参数必须为struct指针
+func (s *Session) GetStruct(key string, pointer interface{}, mapping...map[string]string) error {
+    return gconv.Struct(s.Get(key), pointer, mapping...)
 }