constant name changes; version update

fix InsertIgnore didn't work

.example/database/gdb/driver/driver/driver.go

@@ -8,112 +8,69 @@ package driver
 
 import (
 	"database/sql"
-	"fmt"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/database/gdb"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/intlog"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/text/gstr"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/gtime"
 )
 
+// MyDriver is a custom database driver, which is used for testing only.
+// For simplifying the unit testing case purpose, MyDriver struct inherits the mysql driver
+// gdb.DriverMysql and overwrites its functions DoQuery and DoExec.
+// So if there's any sql execution, it goes through MyDriver.DoQuery/MyDriver.DoExec firstly
+// and then gdb.DriverMysql.DoQuery/gdb.DriverMysql.DoExec.
+// You can call it sql "HOOK" or "HiJack" as your will.
 type MyDriver struct {
-	*gdb.Core
+	*gdb.DriverMysql
 }
 
-// Open creates and returns a underlying sql.DB object for mysql.
-func (d *MyDriver) Open(config *gdb.ConfigNode) (*sql.DB, error) {
-	var source string
-	if config.LinkInfo != "" {
-		source = config.LinkInfo
-	} else {
-		source = fmt.Sprintf(
-			"%s:%s@tcp(%s:%s)/%s?charset=%s&multiStatements=true&parseTime=true&loc=Local",
-			config.User, config.Pass, config.Host, config.Port, config.Name, config.Charset,
-		)
-	}
-	intlog.Printf("Open: %s", source)
-	if db, err := sql.Open("mysql", source); err == nil {
-		return db, nil
-	} else {
-		return nil, err
+var (
+	// customDriverName is my driver name, which is used for registering.
+	customDriverName = "MyDriver"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// It here registers my custom driver in package initialization function "init".
+	// You can later use this type in the database configuration.
+	if err := gdb.Register(customDriverName, &MyDriver{}); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
 	}
 }
 
-// getChars returns the security char for this type of database.
-func (d *MyDriver) GetChars() (charLeft string, charRight string) {
-	return "`", "`"
+// New creates and returns a database object for mysql.
+// It implements the interface of gdb.Driver for extra database driver installation.
+func (d *MyDriver) New(core *gdb.Core, node *gdb.ConfigNode) (gdb.DB, error) {
+	return &MyDriver{
+		&gdb.DriverMysql{
+			Core: core,
+		},
+	}, nil
 }
 
-// handleSqlBeforeExec handles the sql before posts it to database.
-func (d *MyDriver) HandleSqlBeforeExec(sql string) string {
-	return sql
-}
-
-// Tables retrieves and returns the tables of current schema.
-func (d *MyDriver) Tables(schema ...string) (tables []string, err error) {
-	var result gdb.Result
-	link, err := d.DB.GetSlave(schema...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	result, err = d.DB.DoGetAll(link, `SHOW TABLES`)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	for _, m := range result {
-		for _, v := range m {
-			tables = append(tables, v.String())
-		}
-	}
+// DoQuery commits the sql string and its arguments to underlying driver
+// through given link object and returns the execution result.
+func (d *MyDriver) DoQuery(link gdb.Link, sql string, args ...interface{}) (rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+	tsMilli := gtime.TimestampMilli()
+	rows, err = d.DriverMysql.DoQuery(link, sql, args...)
+	link.Exec(
+		"INSERT INTO `monitor`(`sql`,`cost`,`time`,`error`) VALUES(?,?,?,?)",
+		gdb.FormatSqlWithArgs(sql, args),
+		gtime.TimestampMilli()-tsMilli,
+		gtime.Now(),
+		err,
+	)
 	return
 }
 
-// gdb.TableFields retrieves and returns the fields information of specified table of current schema.
-//
-// Note that it returns a map containing the field name and its corresponding fields.
-// As a map is unsorted, the gdb.TableField struct has a "Index" field marks its sequence in the fields.
-//
-// It's using cache feature to enhance the performance, which is never expired util the process restarts.
-func (d *MyDriver) TableFields(table string, schema ...string) (fields map[string]*gdb.TableField, err error) {
-	table = gstr.Trim(table)
-	if gstr.Contains(table, " ") {
-		panic("function gdb.TableFields supports only single table operations")
-	}
-	checkSchema := d.DB.GetSchema()
-	if len(schema) > 0 && schema[0] != "" {
-		checkSchema = schema[0]
-	}
-	v := d.DB.GetCache().GetOrSetFunc(
-		fmt.Sprintf(`mysql_table_fields_%s_%s`, table, checkSchema),
-		func() interface{} {
-			var result gdb.Result
-			var link *sql.DB
-			link, err = d.DB.GetSlave(checkSchema)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil
-			}
-			result, err = d.DB.DoGetAll(
-				link,
-				fmt.Sprintf(`SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM %s`, d.DB.QuoteWord(table)),
-			)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil
-			}
-			fields = make(map[string]*gdb.TableField)
-			for i, m := range result {
-				fields[m["Field"].String()] = &gdb.TableField{
-					Index:   i,
-					Name:    m["Field"].String(),
-					Type:    m["Type"].String(),
-					Null:    m["Null"].Bool(),
-					Key:     m["Key"].String(),
-					Default: m["Default"].Val(),
-					Extra:   m["Extra"].String(),
-					Comment: m["Comment"].String(),
-				}
-			}
-			return fields
-		}, 0)
-	if err == nil {
-		fields = v.(map[string]*gdb.TableField)
-	}
+// DoExec commits the query string and its arguments to underlying driver
+// through given link object and returns the execution result.
+func (d *MyDriver) DoExec(link gdb.Link, sql string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) {
+	tsMilli := gtime.TimestampMilli()
+	result, err = d.DriverMysql.DoExec(link, sql, args...)
+	link.Exec(
+		"INSERT INTO `monitor`(`sql`,`cost`,`time`,`error`) VALUES(?,?,?,?)",
+		gdb.FormatSqlWithArgs(sql, args),
+		gtime.TimestampMilli()-tsMilli,
+		gtime.Now(),
+		err,
+	)
 	return
 }

.example/database/gdb/mssql/gdb_sqlserver.go

@@ -512,16 +512,6 @@ func mapToStruct() {
 	}
 }
 
-// getQueriedSqls
-func getQueriedSqls() {
-	for k, v := range db.GetQueriedSqls() {
-		fmt.Println(k, ":")
-		fmt.Println("Sql  :", v.Sql)
-		fmt.Println("Args :", v.Args)
-		fmt.Println("Error:", v.Error)
-	}
-}
-
 func main() {
 
 	db.PingMaster()

.example/database/gdb/mysql/config.toml

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 
-# MySQL数据库配置
+# MySQL.
 [database]
-#	debug = true
-    link  = "mysql:root:12345678@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?parseTime=true&loc=Local"
+	debug   = true
+    link    = "mysql:root:12345678@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?parseTime=true"
+    MaxOpen = 100
+
+# Redis.
+[redis]
+    default = "127.0.0.1:6379,0"
+    cache   = "127.0.0.1:6379,1"
 
 #[database]
 #   [[database.default]]

.example/database/gdb/mysql/gdb_all.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 )
 
@@ -11,11 +10,19 @@ func main() {
 	// 开启调试模式，以便于记录所有执行的SQL
 	db.SetDebug(true)
 
-	r, e := db.Table("test").Order("id asc").All()
+	r, e := db.GetAll("SELECT * from `user` where id in(?)", g.Slice{})
 	if e != nil {
 		fmt.Println(e)
 	}
 	if r != nil {
-		fmt.Println(r.List())
+		fmt.Println(r)
 	}
+	return
+	//r, e := db.Table("user").Where("id in(?)", g.Slice{}).All()
+	//if e != nil {
+	//	fmt.Println(e)
+	//}
+	//if r != nil {
+	//	fmt.Println(r.List())
+	//}
 }

.example/database/gdb/mysql/gdb_cache.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package main
 import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/database/gdb"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gutil"
+	"time"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ func main() {
 		Host:    "127.0.0.1",
 		Port:    "3306",
 		User:    "root",
-		Pass:    "123456",
+		Pass:    "12345678",
 		Name:    "test",
 		Type:    "mysql",
 		Role:    "master",
@@ -20,19 +21,20 @@ func main() {
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
+	//db.GetCache().SetAdapter(adapter.NewRedis(g.Redis()))
 	// 开启调试模式，以便于记录所有执行的SQL
 	db.SetDebug(true)
 
 	// 执行2次查询并将查询结果缓存3秒，并可执行缓存名称(可选)
-	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
-		r, _ := db.Table("user").Cache(3, "vip-user").Where("uid=?", 1).One()
-		gutil.Dump(r.ToMap())
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		r, _ := db.Table("user").Cache(3000*time.Second).Where("id=?", 1).One()
+		gutil.Dump(r.Map())
 	}
 
 	// 执行更新操作，并清理指定名称的查询缓存
-	db.Table("user").Cache(-1, "vip-user").Data(gdb.Map{"name": "smith"}).Where("uid=?", 1).Update()
+	//db.Table("user").Cache(-1, "vip-user").Data(gdb.Map{"name": "smith"}).Where("id=?", 1).Update()
 
 	// 再次执行查询，启用查询缓存特性
-	r, _ := db.Table("user").Cache(3, "vip-user").Where("uid=?", 1).One()
-	gutil.Dump(r.ToMap())
+	//r, _ := db.Table("user").Cache(300000*time.Second, "vip-user").Where("id=?", 1).One()
+	//gutil.Dump(r.Map())
 }

.example/database/gdb/mysql/gdb_insert.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package main
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/database/gdb"
-	"time"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@ func main() {
 
 	db.SetDebug(true)
 
-	type User struct {
-		CreateTime time.Time `orm:"create_time"`
-	}
-	r, e := db.Table("user").Data(User{CreateTime: time.Now()}).Insert()
+	r, e := db.Table("user").Data(g.Map{
+		"create_at": "now()",
+	}).Unscoped().Insert()
 	if e != nil {
 		panic(e)
 	}

.example/database/gdb/mysql/gdb_pool.go

@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
 	db := g.DB()
-	db.SetMaxIdleConnCount(10)
-	db.SetMaxOpenConnCount(10)
-	db.SetMaxConnLifetime(time.Minute)
 
 	// 开启调试模式，以便于记录所有执行的SQL
 	db.SetDebug(true)
@@ -19,7 +16,7 @@ func main() {
 		for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
 			go db.Table("user").All()
 		}
-		time.Sleep(time.Second)
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
 	}
 
 }

.example/database/gdb/mysql/gdb_value.go

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 )
 
 func main() {
-	db := g.DB()
-	db.SetDebug(true)
-
-	db.Table("user").Fields("DISTINCT id,nickname").Filter().All()
+	one, err := g.DB().Table("carlist c").
+		LeftJoin("cardetail d", "c.postid=d.carid").
+		Where("c.postid", "142039140032006").
+		Fields("c.*,d.*").One()
+	fmt.Println(err)
+	g.Dump(one)
 }

.example/database/gdb/oracle/gdb.go

@@ -513,16 +513,6 @@ func mapToStruct() {
 	}
 }
 
-// getQueriedSqls
-func getQueriedSqls() {
-	for k, v := range db.GetQueriedSqls() {
-		fmt.Println(k, ":")
-		fmt.Println("Sql  :", v.Sql)
-		fmt.Println("Args :", v.Args)
-		fmt.Println("Error:", v.Error)
-	}
-}
-
 func main() {
 
 	db.PingMaster()

.example/encoding/gcompress/zip.go

@@ -1,16 +1,68 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"archive/zip"
 	"fmt"
-
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/encoding/gcompress"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 )
 
-func main() {
-	err := gcompress.ZipPath(
-		`D:\Workspace\Go\GOPATH\src\github.com\gogf\gf\geg`,
-		`D:\Workspace\Go\GOPATH\src\github.com\gogf\gf\geg\encoding\gcompress\data.zip`,
-		"my-dir",
-	)
-	fmt.Println(err)
+// srcFile could be a single file or a directory
+func Zip(srcFile string, destZip string) error {
+	zipfile, err := os.Create(destZip)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer zipfile.Close()
+
+	archive := zip.NewWriter(zipfile)
+	defer archive.Close()
+
+	filepath.Walk(srcFile, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		header, err := zip.FileInfoHeader(info)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		header.Name = strings.TrimPrefix(path, filepath.Dir(srcFile)+"/")
+		// header.Name = path
+		if info.IsDir() {
+			header.Name += "/"
+		} else {
+			header.Method = zip.Deflate
+		}
+
+		writer, err := archive.CreateHeader(header)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if !info.IsDir() {
+			file, err := os.Open(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			defer file.Close()
+			_, err = io.Copy(writer, file)
+		}
+		return err
+	})
+
+	return err
+}
+
+func main() {
+	src := `/Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/test`
+	dst := `/Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/test.zip`
+	//src := `/Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/README.MD`
+	//dst := `/Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/README.MD.zip`
+	fmt.Println(gcompress.ZipPath(src, dst))
+	//fmt.Println(Zip(src, dst))
 }

.example/i18n/gi18n/gi18n.go

@@ -2,25 +2,14 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/i18n/gi18n"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 )
 
 func main() {
-	t := gi18n.New()
-	t.SetPath("/Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/.example/i18n/gi18n/i18n")
-	t.SetLanguage("en")
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`hello`))
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`{#hello}{#world}!`))
-
-	t.SetLanguage("ja")
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`hello`))
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`{#hello}{#world}!`))
-
-	t.SetLanguage("ru")
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`hello`))
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`{#hello}{#world}!`))
-
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`hello`, "zh-CN"))
-	fmt.Println(t.Translate(`{#hello}{#world}!`, "zh-CN"))
+	var (
+		orderId     = 865271654
+		orderAmount = 99.8
+	)
+	fmt.Println(g.I18n().Tfl(`en`, `{#OrderPaid}`, orderId, orderAmount))
+	fmt.Println(g.I18n().Tfl(`zh-CN`, `{#OrderPaid}`, orderId, orderAmount))
 }

.example/i18n/gi18n/i18n/en.toml

@@ -1,3 +1 @@
-
-hello = "Hello"
-world = "World"
+OrderPaid = "You have successfully complete order #%d payment, paid amount: ￥%0.2f."

.example/i18n/gi18n/i18n/zh-CN.toml

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-hello = "你好"
-world = "世界"
+OrderPaid = "您已成功完成订单号 #%d 支付，支付金额￥%.2f。"

.example/net/ghttp/client/upload-batch/server.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 func Upload(r *ghttp.Request) {
 	saveDirPath := "/tmp/"
 	files := r.GetUploadFiles("upload-file")
-	if err := files.Save(saveDirPath); err != nil {
+	if _, err := files.Save(saveDirPath); err != nil {
 		r.Response.WriteExit(err)
 	}
 	r.Response.WriteExit("upload successfully")

.example/net/ghttp/client/upload/client.go

@@ -2,12 +2,34 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"path/filepath"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/glog"
 )
 
+func SendXmlFile(gameId int, areaName string, filePath string) error {
+	path := filepath.FromSlash(filePath)
+	fmt.Println(path)
+	data := g.Map{
+		"gameName":    gameId,
+		"area":        areaName,
+		"file":        "@file:" + path,
+		"contentType": "json",
+	}
+	if r, err := ghttp.Post("http://127.0.0.1:8199/upload", data); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	} else {
+		defer r.Close()
+		fmt.Println("ok")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func main() {
+	SendXmlFile(1, "xxx", "/Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/.example/net/ghttp/server/session.go")
+	return
 	path := "/home/john/Workspace/Go/github.com/gogf/gf/version.go"
 	r, e := ghttp.Post("http://127.0.0.1:8199/upload", "upload-file=@file:"+path)
 	if e != nil {

.example/net/ghttp/client/upload/server.go

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import (
 // Upload uploads files to /tmp .
 func Upload(r *ghttp.Request) {
 	saveDirPath := "/tmp/"
-	files := r.GetUploadFiles("upload-file")
-	if err := files.Save(saveDirPath); err != nil {
+	files := r.GetUploadFiles("file")
+	if _, err := files.Save(saveDirPath); err != nil {
 		r.Response.WriteExit(err)
 	}
 	r.Response.WriteExit("upload successfully")

.example/net/ghttp/server/exit.go

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ func main() {
 		r.Response.Writeln("end")
 	})
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap(p, map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			glog.To(r.Response.Writer).Println("BeforeServe")
 		},
-		ghttp.HOOK_AFTER_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookAfterServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			glog.To(r.Response.Writer).Println("AfterServe")
 		},
 	})

.example/net/ghttp/server/hello.go

@@ -3,15 +3,21 @@ package main
 import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/glog"
 )
 
+type GetById struct {
+	Id *g.Var `p:"id" v:"required|integer#id不能为空|id必须为整数"`
+}
+
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
 	s.SetIndexFolder(true)
 	s.BindHandler("/", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
-		glog.Println(r.Header)
-		r.Response.Write("hello world")
+		var idInfo *GetById
+		if err := r.Parse(&idInfo); err != nil {
+			r.Response.Write(err)
+		}
+		r.Response.Write("ok")
 	})
 	s.SetPort(8999)
 	s.Run()

.example/net/ghttp/server/hooks/cors2.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ func Order(r *ghttp.Request) {
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
 	s.Group("/api.v1", func(group *ghttp.RouterGroup) {
-		group.Hook("/*any", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		group.Hook("/*any", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.Response.CORSDefault()
 		})
 		g.GET("/order", Order)

.example/net/ghttp/server/hooks/hooks1.go

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ func main() {
 	p := "/:name/info/{uid}"
 	s := g.Server()
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap(p, map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE:  func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE) },
-		ghttp.HOOK_AFTER_SERVE:   func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HOOK_AFTER_SERVE) },
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_OUTPUT: func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_OUTPUT) },
-		ghttp.HOOK_AFTER_OUTPUT:  func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HOOK_AFTER_OUTPUT) },
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe:  func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HookBeforeServe) },
+		ghttp.HookAfterServe:   func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HookAfterServe) },
+		ghttp.HookBeforeOutput: func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HookBeforeOutput) },
+		ghttp.HookAfterOutput:  func(r *ghttp.Request) { glog.Println(ghttp.HookAfterOutput) },
 	})
 	s.BindHandler(p, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		r.Response.Write("用户:", r.Get("name"), ", uid:", r.Get("uid"))

.example/net/ghttp/server/hooks/hooks4.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ func main() {
 	// 多事件回调示例，事件1
 	pattern1 := "/:name/info"
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern1, map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.SetParam("uid", 1000)
 		},
 	})
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func main() {
 	// 多事件回调示例，事件2
 	pattern2 := "/{object}/list/{page}.java"
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern2, map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_OUTPUT: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeOutput: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.Response.SetBuffer([]byte(
 				fmt.Sprintf("通过事件修改输出内容, object:%s, page:%s", r.Get("object"), r.GetRouterString("page"))),
 			)

.example/net/ghttp/server/hooks/hooks5.go

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
-	s.BindHookHandler("/*any", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+	s.BindHookHandler("/*any", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		r.Response.Writeln("/*any")
 	})
-	s.BindHookHandler("/v1/*", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+	s.BindHookHandler("/v1/*", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		r.Response.Writeln("/v1/*")
 		r.ExitHook()
 	})

.example/net/ghttp/server/hooks/hooks_param.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ func main() {
 		r.Response.Writeln(r.Get("name"))
 	})
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.SetParam("name", "john")
 		},
 	})

.example/net/ghttp/server/hooks/same_route_multi_hook.go

@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ func main() {
 	})
 
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/:name", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.Response.Writeln("/priority/:name")
 		},
 	})
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/*any", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.Response.Writeln("/priority/*any")
 		},
 	})
 	s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/show", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
-		ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		ghttp.HookBeforeServe: func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 			r.Response.Writeln("/priority/show")
 		},
 	})

.example/net/ghttp/server/middleware/middleware.go

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ func main() {
 			})
 		})
 		group.Group("/hook", func(group *ghttp.RouterGroup) {
-			group.Hook("/*", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+			group.Hook("/*", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 				r.Response.Write("hook any")
 			})
-			group.Hook("/:name", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+			group.Hook("/:name", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 				r.Response.Write("hook name")
 			})
 		})

.example/net/ghttp/server/object/user.go

@@ -5,21 +5,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
 )
 
-type User struct {
-}
+type User struct{}
 
-func (c *User) Index(r *ghttp.Request) {
-	r.Response.Write("Index")
-}
-
-// 不符合规范，不会被注册
-func (c *User) Test(r *ghttp.Request, value interface{}) {
+func (c *User) Test(r *ghttp.Request) {
 	r.Response.Write("Test")
 }
 
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
-	s.BindObject("/user", new(User))
+	u := new(User)
+	s.Group("/", func(group *ghttp.RouterGroup) {
+		group.GET("/db-{table}/{id}", u, "Test")
+	})
 	s.SetPort(8199)
 	s.Run()
 }

.example/net/ghttp/server/pprof.go

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
 )
 
 func main() {
-	s := ghttp.GetServer()
-	s.EnablePProf()
+	s := g.Server()
+	s.Domain("localhost").EnablePProf()
 	s.BindHandler("/", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		r.Response.Writeln("哈喽世界！")
 	})

.example/net/ghttp/server/reload/admin.go

@@ -6,12 +6,8 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
+	s.SetConfigWithMap(g.Map{"Graceful": true})
 	s.EnableAdmin()
-	//s.BindHookHandler("/admin/*any", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
-	//    if !r.BasicAuth("admin", "123", "") {
-	//        r.Exit()
-	//    }
-	//})
 	s.SetPort(8199)
 	s.Run()
 }

.example/net/ghttp/server/resource/resource.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
 	s.SetIndexFolder(true)
 	s.SetServerRoot("root")
-	s.BindHookHandler("/*", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+	s.BindHookHandler("/*", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		fmt.Println(r.URL.Path, r.IsFileRequest())
 	})
 	s.BindHandler("/template", func(r *ghttp.Request) {

.example/net/ghttp/server/router/group/batch.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
 	obj := new(Object)
 	s.Group("/api").Bind([]ghttp.GroupItem{
-		{"ALL", "*", HookHandler, ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE},
+		{"ALL", "*", HookHandler, ghttp.HookBeforeServe},
 		{"ALL", "/handler", Handler},
 		{"ALL", "/obj", obj},
 		{"GET", "/obj/show", obj, "Show"},

.example/net/ghttp/server/router/group/level.go

@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ func main() {
 			})
 		})
 		group.Group("/hook", func(group *ghttp.RouterGroup) {
-			group.Hook("/*", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+			group.Hook("/*", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 				r.Response.Write("hook any")
 			})
-			group.Hook("/:name", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+			group.Hook("/:name", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 				r.Response.Write("hook name")
 			})
 		})

.example/net/ghttp/server/router/router5.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
-	s.BindHookHandler("/*any", ghttp.HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+	s.BindHookHandler("/*any", ghttp.HookBeforeServe, func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		fmt.Println(r.Router)
 		fmt.Println(r.Get("customer_id"))
 	})

.example/net/ghttp/server/template/tpl1/tpl1.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 func main() {
 	s := ghttp.GetServer()
 	s.BindHandler("/", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
-		r.Response.Write("Hello World")
 		r.Response.WriteTpl("index.tpl", g.Map{
 			"title": "Test",
 			"name":  "John",

.example/os/gfcache/gfcache.go

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/gfcache"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/gfile"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	s := 0
-	r := ""
-	path := gfile.TempDir() + gfile.Separator + "temp"
-	gfile.PutContents(path, "hello")
-
-	s = gfcache.GetSize()
-	r = gfcache.GetContents(path)
-	fmt.Println(s, r)
-
-	gfile.PutContentsAppend(path, " john")
-
-	// 等待1秒以便gfsnotify回调能处理完成
-	time.Sleep(time.Second)
-
-	s = gfcache.GetSize()
-	r = gfcache.GetContents(path)
-	fmt.Println(s, r)
-}

.example/os/glog/glog_ctx.go

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/glog"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	glog.SetCtxKeys("Trace-Id", "Span-Id", "Test")
+	ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), "Trace-Id", "1234567890")
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, "Span-Id", "abcdefg")
+
+	glog.Ctx(ctx).Print(1, 2, 3)
+}

.example/os/glog/glog_level_prefix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/glog"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	l := glog.New()
+	l.SetLevelPrefix(glog.LEVEL_DEBU, "debug")
+	l.Debug("test")
+}

.example/os/gmlock/locker4.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ func main() {
 	key := "key"
 
 	// 第一次锁带时间
-	gmlock.Lock(key, 1000)
+	gmlock.Lock(key)
 	glog.Println("lock1")
 	// 这个时候上一次的计时解锁已失效
 	gmlock.Unlock(key)

.example/os/gres/gres.go

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/gres"
-	_ "github.com/gogf/gf/os/gres/testdata"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	gres.Dump()
-	//file := gres.Get("www")
-	//fmt.Println(file.Open())
-	//g.Dump(gres.ScanDir("/root/image", "*"))
-	//g.Dump(gres.Scan("/root/image/", "*", true))
-	//g.Dump(gres.Scan("/template", "*"))
-	//g.Dump(gres.Scan("/template/layout2", "*.html", true))
-}

.example/os/gres/gres_example.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	_ "github.com/gogf/gf/os/gres/testdata/example/boot"
+
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	s := g.Server()
+	s.Group("/", func(group *ghttp.RouterGroup) {
+		group.GET("/template", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+			r.Response.WriteTplDefault(g.Map{
+				"name": "GoFrame",
+			})
+		})
+	})
+	s.Run()
+}

.example/os/gview/layout/layout1/main.go

@@ -2,19 +2,18 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/gmvc"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
 )
 
-type Controller struct {
-	gmvc.Controller
-}
-
-func (c *Controller) Test() {
-	c.View.Display("layout.html")
-}
 func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
-	s.BindControllerMethod("/", new(Controller), "Test")
+	s.BindHandler("/", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+		r.Response.WriteTpl("layout.html", g.Map{
+			"header":    "This is header",
+			"container": "This is container",
+			"footer":    "This is footer",
+		})
+	})
 	s.SetPort(8199)
 	s.Run()
 }

.example/os/gview/layout/layout1/template/container.html

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {{define "container"}}
-<h1>CONTAINER</h1>
+<h1>{{.container}}</h1>
 {{end}}

.example/os/gview/layout/layout1/template/footer.html

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {{define "footer"}}
-<h1>FOOTER</h1>
+<h1>{{.footer}}</h1>
 {{end}}

.example/os/gview/layout/layout1/template/header.html

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {{define "header"}}
-    <h1>HEADER</h1>
+    <h1>{{.header}}</h1>
 {{end}}

.example/os/gview/layout/layout1/template/layout.html

@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 <html>
 <head>
     <title>GoFrame Layout</title>
-    {{template "header"}}
+    {{template "header" .}}
 </head>
 <body>
     <div class="container">
-    {{template "container"}}
+    {{template "container" .}}
     </div>
     <div class="footer">
-    {{template "footer"}}
+    {{template "footer" .}}
     </div>
 </body>
 </html>

.example/os/gview/layout/layout2/main.go

@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@ func main() {
 	s := g.Server()
 	s.BindHandler("/main1", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		r.Response.WriteTpl("layout.html", g.Map{
+			"name":    "smith",
 			"mainTpl": "main/main1.html",
 		})
 	})
 	s.BindHandler("/main2", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		r.Response.WriteTpl("layout.html", g.Map{
+			"name":    "john",
 			"mainTpl": "main/main2.html",
 		})
 	})

.example/other/config.toml

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-
-[database]
-	debug = true
-    link  = "mysql:root:12345678@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test"
-
-[redis]
-    default  = "127.0.0.1:6379,0"
-    cache = "127.0.0.1:6379,1"
-
-[viewer]
-    delimiters  =  ["${", "}"]
-    autoencode  =  true

.example/other/test.go

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/glog"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/gtime"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/os/gtimer"
-	"time"
-)
-
-func GetList() {
-START:
-	for {
-		res, err := g.Redis().DoVar("RPOP", "mill")
-		if err != nil {
-			glog.Debug("Rpop:", err)
-			break
-		}
-		glog.Debug(res)
-		if res.IsEmpty() {
-			glog.Debug("nil")
-			continue START
-		}
-		interval := 50 * time.Second
-		gtimer.AddOnce(interval, func() {
-			glog.Debug("end------:", res, gtime.Now().Format("Y-m-d H:i:s"))
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func main() {
-	g.Redis().SetMaxActive(2)
-	//g.Redis().SetMaxIdle(100)
-	GetList()
-}

.example/other/test2.go

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	r := ghttp.PostContent("http://127.0.0.1:8199/test", `<doc><id>1</id><name>john</name><password1>123Abc!@#</password1><password2>123Abc!@#</password2></doc>`)
-	fmt.Println(r)
-}

.example/util/gpage/gpage.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-	s := ghttp.GetServer()
+	s := g.Server()
 	s.BindHandler("/page/demo", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		page := r.GetPage(100, 10)
 		buffer, _ := gview.ParseContent(`

.example/util/gpage/gpage_ajax.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-	s := ghttp.GetServer()
+	s := g.Server()
 	s.BindHandler("/page/ajax", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		page := r.GetPage(100, 10)
 		page.AjaxActionName = "DoAjax"

.example/util/gpage/gpage_custom1.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gpage"
 )
 
-// 分页标签使用li标签包裹
+// wrapContent wraps each of the page tag with html li and ul.
 func wrapContent(page *gpage.Page) string {
 	content := page.GetContent(4)
 	content = gstr.ReplaceByMap(content, map[string]string{
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func wrapContent(page *gpage.Page) string {
 }
 
 func main() {
-	s := ghttp.GetServer()
+	s := g.Server()
 	s.BindHandler("/page/custom1/*page", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		page := r.GetPage(100, 10)
 		content := wrapContent(page)

.example/util/gpage/gpage_custom2.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gpage"
 )
 
-// 自定义分页名称
+// pageContent customizes the page tag name.
 func pageContent(page *gpage.Page) string {
 	page.NextPageTag = "NextPage"
 	page.PrevPageTag = "PrevPage"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func pageContent(page *gpage.Page) string {
 }
 
 func main() {
-	s := ghttp.GetServer()
+	s := g.Server()
 	s.BindHandler("/page/custom2/*page", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
 		page := r.GetPage(100, 10)
 		buffer, _ := gview.ParseContent(`

.example/util/grand/grand.go

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
 	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
-		fmt.Println(grand.Rand(0, 99999))
+		fmt.Println(grand.S(16))
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		fmt.Println(grand.N(0, 99999999))
 	}
 }

.example/util/guid/guid.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/guid"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		s := guid.S()
+		fmt.Println(s, len(s))
+	}
+}

.example/util/guid/guid_length.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// 36*36^2+36*36+36
+	var s string
+	fmt.Println(strconv.ParseUint("zzz", 36, 3))
+	fmt.Println(1 << 1)
+	// MaxInt64
+	s = strconv.FormatUint(math.MaxUint64, 16)
+	fmt.Println(s, len(s))
+	// PID
+	s = strconv.FormatInt(1000000, 36)
+	fmt.Println(s, len(s))
+}

.example/util/guid/guid_unique.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/guid"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		s := guid.S([]byte("123"))
+		fmt.Println(s, len(s))
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		s := guid.S([]byte("123"), []byte("456"))
+		fmt.Println(s, len(s))
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		s := guid.S([]byte("123"), []byte("456"), []byte("789"))
+		fmt.Println(s, len(s))
+	}
+}

.example/util/gutil/try_catch.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ func main() {
 		fmt.Println(1)
 		gutil.Throw("error")
 		fmt.Println(2)
-	}, func(err interface{}) {
+	}, func(err error) {
 		fmt.Println(err)
 	})
 }

.example/util/gvalid/gvalid_custom_message.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gvalid"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	g.I18n().SetLanguage("cn")
+	err := gvalid.Check("", "required", nil)
+	fmt.Println(err.String())
+}

.example/util/gvalid/i18n/cn.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+
+"gf.gvalid.required" = "字段不能为空"
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

.gitignore

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 .idea/
 .settings/
 .vscode/
-vender/
+vendor/
 composer.lock
 gitpush.sh
 pkg/
@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@ cbuild
 **/.DS_Store
 .vscode/
 go.sum
+.example/other/

.travis.yml

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ go:
   - "1.12.x"
   - "1.13.x"
   - "1.14.x"
+  - "1.15.x"
 
 branches:
   only:

DONATOR.MD

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 # Donators
 
-We currently accept donation by Alipay/WechatPay, please note your github/gitee account in your payment bill.
+We currently accept donation by [Wechat](https://goframe.org/images/donate.png) / [Alipay](https://goframe.org/images/donate.png) / [Gitee](https://gitee.com/johng/gf), 
+please note your github/gitee account in your payment bill. All the donations will be used only for `GoFrame` project development and its community construction. 
+
+> If you cannot see the donation image, please click [here](https://goframe.org/images/donate.png).
+
+<img src="https://goframe.org/images/donate.png?20200718"/>
 
-> If you cannot view the donation image, please click [here](https://goframe.org/images/donate.png).
 
 | Name | Channel | Amount | Comment 
 |---|---|--- | ---
 |[hailaz](https://gitee.com/hailaz)|gitee|￥20.00 | 
-|[ireadx](https://github.com/ireadx)|alipay|￥301.00 |
+|[ireadx](https://github.com/ireadx)|alipay|￥501.00 |
 |[mg91](https://gitee.com/mg91)|gitee|￥10.00 |
 |[pibigstar](https://github.com/pibigstar)|alipay|￥10.00 |
 |[tiangenglan](https://gitee.com/tiangenglan)|gitee|￥30.00 |
@@ -46,7 +50,7 @@ We currently accept donation by Alipay/WechatPay, please note your github/gitee
 |struggler|alipay|￥18.80| 
 |*铁|wechat|￥0.01| 
 |C*e|wechat|￥66.66| GF越来越好，棒👍！
-|(佚名)|wechat|￥6.66| (名字打不出来，也没备注，捐赠时间2020-02-21 14:24:34)
+|---P คิดถึง|wechat|￥6.66| 
 |[王飞](https://gitee.com/wang_2018)|gitee|￥20.00| 感谢您的开源项目！
 |[Zeroing-ZY](https://gitee.com/yunjieg)|gitee|￥20.00| 感谢您的开源项目！
 |[katydid酱](https://gitee.com/katydid2005)|gitee|￥50.00| 感谢您的开源项目！框架给予了很大的帮助！谢谢大佬！
@@ -56,7 +60,7 @@ We currently accept donation by Alipay/WechatPay, please note your github/gitee
 |🚶|wechat|￥6.88| 喝杯冰阔落
 |a*l|wechat|￥10.00| gf
 |[wxkj](https://gitee.com/wxkj)|wechat|￥10.00| 
-|*包|wechat|￥9.99| 
+|[米司特包](https://github.com/misitebao)|wechat|￥9.99| 
 |重庆宝尔威科技|wechat|￥6.66| 
 |琦玉-QPT|wechat|￥6.66| 
 |sailsea|wechat|￥11.00| 
@@ -64,10 +68,81 @@ We currently accept donation by Alipay/WechatPay, please note your github/gitee
 |*华|wechat|￥6.66| 感谢郭强的热心
 |[Playhi](https://github.com/Playhi)|alipay|￥10.00| 
 |北京京纬互动科技|alipay|￥200.00| 
-|米司特包|wechat|￥99.99| 
+|[米司特包](https://github.com/misitebao)|wechat|￥99.99| 
 |金毛|alipay|￥100.00| 
 |1*1x|wechat|￥100.00| 
 |[ywanbing](https://github.com/ywanbing)|wechat|￥66.66| 
+|[侯哥](http://www.macnie.com)|wechat|￥10.00| 
+|如果🍋|alipay|￥100.00| 错过的奶茶^_^
+|蔡蔡|wechat|￥666.00| gf真强大，让项目省心
+|jack|wechat|￥100.00| 
+|sbilly|wechat|￥100.00| 祝好！
+|[米司特包](https://github.com/misitebao)|wechat|￥166.66| 大佬加油！
+|*秦|wechat|￥20.00| 给群主献上一杯咖啡...
+|[zhuhuan12](https://gitee.com/zhuhuan12)|wechat|￥50.00| 
+|faddei|qq|￥9.99| 
+|*天|wechat|￥10.00| 
+|*.|wechat|￥20.00| 学生一个微薄之力，冲
+|李勇|wechat|￥50.00| 
+|[米司特包](https://github.com/misitebao)|wechat|￥66.66| 
+|千年|wechat|￥1.08| 
+|[szzxing](https://github.com/szzxing)|wechat|￥50.00| 
+|伟客互联|wechat|￥66.66| 
+|[sbilly](https://github.com/sbilly)|wechat|￥99.00| 
+|**阳|alipay|￥100.01| 
+|**亮|alipay|￥10.00| 
+|[mingzaily](https://github.com/mingzaily)|alipay|￥30.00| 
+|[seny0929](https://gitee.com/seny0929)|alipay|￥9.90| 
+|Fly的狐狸|alipay|￥100.00| 
+|六七     ·|wechat|￥88.88| gf越来越好
+|Tom|wechat|￥500.00| 一点心意  希望GF越来越好
+|Chao|wechat|￥166.00| 
+|汤sir|wechat|￥10.00| 强哥，喝杯咖啡☕️
+|秋叶、|wechat|￥66.66| GF带我一起玩
+||wechat|￥20.00| 
+|程凤明|wechat|￥18.80|
+|Glowworm|wechat|￥8.88| 感谢大佬
+|徒行|wechat|￥10.00| 目前项目在转用这个框架，鼓励一下大佬吧👍👍👍
+|产品设计.软件开发|wechat|￥10.00| 祝愿走向更成功！
+|[charlieccGuo](https://github.com/charlieccGuo)|wechat|￥10.00| 
+|yiran|wechat|￥20.00| 赏给大佬喝茶🍵
+|长夏朔酒|wechat|￥20.00| 请大佬喝茶
+|💥聪จุ๊บ 🇨🇳|wechat|￥66.66| 请大佬喝茶
+|Even_|wechat|￥10.00| 日照市民发来贺电！
+|智慧人生|wechat|￥50.00| 智慧人生
+|一滴水|wechat|￥10.00| goframe 越来越强大
+|[wenzi1](https://github.com/wenzi1)|alipay|￥100.00| 
+|[hyuant](https://github.com/hyuant)|alipay|￥66.66| 
+|*庆|alipay|￥9.99| 支持一下，gf越来越好
+|**君|alipay|￥10.00| 加油
+|向回走的闹钟|wechat|￥20.00| 越来越好
+|金毛|wechat|￥100.00| 
+|莫失莫忘|wechat|￥100.00| 
+|**航|alipay|￥20.00| 
+|阿康|wechat|￥100.00| 
+|Tzp|wechat|￥10.00| 
+|[hkxiaoyu118](https://github.com/hkxiaoyu118)|wechat|￥10.00| 
+|辰|wechat|￥50.00| 
+|LSJ|wechat|￥66.66|我想我是海：祝gf越来越好，统治后端 
+|yu|wechat|￥100.00|感谢开源，加油！我是QQ群里的lah
+|雁字回时月满楼|wechat|￥20.00|感谢gf
+|Panda|wechat|￥20.00|支持一下！gf很棒👍
+|[Thunur](https://gitee.com/thunur)|wechat|￥100.00|
+|[Mr.奇淼](https://www.gin-vue-admin.com/)|wechat|￥18.88|强哥无敌，奇淼爱你
+|[SliverHorn](hhttps://github.com/sliverhorn)|wechat|￥17.77|强哥无敌，SliverHorn爱你
+|[fly的狐狸](https://github.com/zcool321)|wechat|￥50.00|
+|北漂生活|wechat|￥66.66|gf大展鸿图
+|YJ|wechat|￥10.00|YangJ-Eric祝愿越来越好
+|秋葵|wechat|￥20.00|之前强哥
+|陈诚|wechat|￥100.00|Loocor恭喜郭总发版🎉
+|**栋|alipay|￥100.00|
+|**浩|alipay|￥100.00|
+|RAGGA-TIME|alipay|￥50.00|
+|[ChArmy](https://gitee.com/charmy)|alipay|￥50.00|
+|[sanfenzui](https://gitee.com/sanfenzui)|alipay|￥88.00|
+|刘宇|wechat|￥30.00|请你喝咖啡
+
+
+
 
 
-<img src="https://goframe.org/images/donate.png"/>

README.MD

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@
 
 English | [简体中文](README_ZH.MD)
 
-`GF(GoFrame)` is a modular, loose-coupled, full-featured and production-ready application development framework of golang,
-providing a series of core components and dozens of practical modules, 
-such as: memcache, configure, validator, logging, array/queue/set/map containers, 
-timer/timing tasks, file/memory lock, object pool, database ORM, etc,
-supporting web server integrated with router, cookie, session, middleware, logger, 
-template, https, hooks, rewrites and many more features.
+`GF(GoFrame)` is a modular, powerful, high-performance and production-ready application development framework 
+of golang. Providing a series of core components and dozens of practical modules, such as: 
+cache, logging, containers, timer, resource, validator, database orm, etc. 
+Supporting web server integrated with router, cookie, session, middleware, logger, configure, 
+template, https, hooks, rewrites and many more features. 
 
+> If you're a newbie to `Go`, you may consider `GoFrame` easy and great as `Laravel` in `PHP`, `SpringBoot` in `Java` or `Django` in `Python`.
 
 # Installation
 ```
@@ -31,10 +31,78 @@ require github.com/gogf/gf latest
 golang version >= 1.11
 ```
 
+# Architecture
+<div align=center>
+<img src="https://goframe.org/images/arch.png?v=12"/>
+</div>
+
+# Packages
+1. **Primary Package**
+
+    The `gf` repository maintains some basic and most commonly used packages, keeping it as lightweight and simple as possible. 
+
+1. **Community Package**
+
+    The community packages are contributed and maintained by community members, which are hosted in `gogf` organization. Some of the community packages are separated from the `gf` repository, which are not of common usage or are with heavy dependencies. 
+
+# Performance
+
+Here's the most popular Golang frameworks and libraries performance testing result in `WEB Server`. Performance testing cases source codes are hosted at: https://github.com/gogf/gf-performance
+
+## Environment
+
+    OS   : Ubuntu 18.04 amd64
+    CPU  : AMD A8-6600K x 4
+    MEM  : 32GB
+    GO   : v1.13.4
+
+## Testing Tool
+
+`ab`: Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool.
+
+Command:
+```
+ab -t 10 -c 100 http://127.0.0.1:3000/hello
+ab -t 10 -c 100 http://127.0.0.1:3000/query?id=10000
+ab -t 10 -c 100 http://127.0.0.1:3000/json
+```
+The concurrency starts from `100` to `10000`.
+
+> Run `5` times for each case of each project and pick up the best testing result.
+
+## 1. Hello World
+<table>
+<tr>
+<th>Throughputs</th>
+<th>Mean Latency</th>
+<th>P99 Latency</th>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/throughputs1.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/meanlatency1.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/p99latency1.jpeg"></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+## 2. Json Response
+<table>
+<tr>
+<th>Throughputs</th>
+<th>Mean Latency</th>
+<th>P99 Latency</th>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/throughputs3.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/meanlatency3.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/p99latency3.jpeg"></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
 # Documentation
 
-* [APIDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf)
-* [中文文档](https://goframe.org)
+* 中文官网: https://goframe.org
+* GoDoc API: https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf
+
 
 # Discussion
 - QQ Group：[116707870](//shang.qq.com/wpa/qunwpa?idkey=195f91eceeb5d7fa76009b7cd5a4641f70bf4897b7f5a520635eb26ff17adfe7)
@@ -43,20 +111,30 @@ golang version >= 1.11
 
 > It's recommended learning `GoFrame` through its awesome source codes and API reference.
 
-# Architecture
-<div align=center>
-<img src="https://goframe.org/images/arch.png?v=11"/>
-</div>
-
-
 # License
 
 `GF` is licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE), 100% free and open-source, forever.
 
+# Part Of Users
+
+- [Tencent](https://www.tencent.com/)
+- [ZTE](https://www.zte.com.cn/china/)
+- [Ant Financial Services](https://www.antfin.com/)
+- [MedLinker](https://www.medlinker.com/)
+- [KuCoin](https://www.kucoin.io/)
+- [LeYouJia](https://www.leyoujia.com/)
+- [IGG](https://igg.com)
+- [XiMaLaYa](https://www.ximalaya.com)
+- [ZYBang](https://www.zybang.com/)
+
+> We list part of the users here, if your company or products are using `GoFrame`, please let us know [here](https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues/168).
+
+
 # Contributors
 This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute. [[Contributors](https://github.com/gogf/gf/graphs/contributors)].
 <a href="https://github.com/gogf/gf/graphs/contributors"><img src="https://opencollective.com/goframe/contributors.svg?width=890&button=false" /></a>
 
+
 # Donators
 
 We currently accept donation by Alipay/WechatPay, please note your github/gitee account in your payment bill. If you like `GF`, why not [buy developer a cup of coffee](DONATOR.MD)?
@@ -65,6 +143,7 @@ We currently accept donation by Alipay/WechatPay, please note your github/gitee
 We appreciate any kind of sponsorship for `GF` development. If you've got some interesting, please contact WeChat `389961817` / Email `john@goframe.org`.
 
 
+
 # Thanks
 <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/?from=GoFrame"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/jetbrains.png" width="100" alt="JetBrains"/></a>
 
@@ -75,3 +154,7 @@ We appreciate any kind of sponsorship for `GF` development. If you've got some i
 
 
 
+
+
+
+

README_ZH.MD

@@ -15,16 +15,17 @@
 并提供了Web服务开发的系列核心组件，如：Router、Cookie、Session、Middleware、服务注册、模板引擎等等，
 支持热重启、热更新、域名绑定、TLS/HTTPS、Rewrite等特性。
 
+> 如果您初识`Go`语言，您可以将`GoFrame`类似于`PHP`中的`Laravel`, `Java`中的`SpringBoot`或者`Python`中的`Django`。
 
 # 特点
 * 模块化、松耦合设计；
-* 模块丰富，开箱即用；
-* 简便易用，易于维护；
-* 社区活跃，大牛谦逊低调脾气好；
+* 模块丰富、开箱即用；
+* 简便易用、易于维护；
 * 高代码质量、高单元测试覆盖率；
+* 社区活跃，大牛谦逊低调脾气好；
 * 详尽的开发文档及示例；
 * 完善的本地中文化支持；
-* 更适合企业及团队使用；
+* 设计为团队及企业使用；
 
 # 地址
 - **主库**：https://github.com/gogf/gf 
@@ -44,30 +45,110 @@ require github.com/gogf/gf latest
 golang版本 >= 1.11
 ```
 
+
+
 # 架构
 <div align=center>
-<img src="https://goframe.org/images/arch.png?v=11"/>
+<img src="https://goframe.org/images/arch.png?v=12"/>
 </div>
 
+# 模块
+
+1. **核心模块**
+
+    `GoFrame`提供了一些基础的、常用的模块，简单、易用和轻量级，并保持极少的外部依赖，这些模块由`gf`主仓库细致维护。
+
+1. **社区模块**
+
+    社区模块主要由社区贡献并维护，大部分也是由`gf`主仓库的贡献者提供及维护，存放于`gogf`空间下，与`gf`主仓库处于同一级别。有的社区模块是从`gf`主仓库中剥离出来单独维护的模块，这些模块并不是特别常用，或者对外部依赖较重。
+
+
+# 性能
+
+以下是目前最流行的`WEB Server` Golang框架/类库性能测试结果。
+性能测试用例源代码仓库: https://github.com/gogf/gf-performance
+
+## 环境:
+
+    OS   : Ubuntu 18.04 amd64
+    CPU  : AMD A8-6600K x 4
+    MEM  : 32GB
+    GO   : v1.13.4
+
+## 工具
+
+`ab`: Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool.
+
+测试命令:
+```
+ab -t 10 -c 100 http://127.0.0.1:3000/hello
+ab -t 10 -c 100 http://127.0.0.1:3000/query?id=10000
+ab -t 10 -c 100 http://127.0.0.1:3000/json
+```
+并发客户端数量从 `100` 递增到 `10000`。
+
+> 每个项目的每个用例均运行`5`次，取最优的结果展示。
+
+## 1. Hello World
+<table>
+<tr>
+<th>Throughputs</th>
+<th>Mean Latency</th>
+<th>P99 Latency</th>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/throughputs1.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/meanlatency1.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/p99latency1.jpeg"></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+## 2. Json Response
+<table>
+<tr>
+<th>Throughputs</th>
+<th>Mean Latency</th>
+<th>P99 Latency</th>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/throughputs3.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/meanlatency3.jpeg"></td>
+<td width="30%"><img src="http://gfcdn.johng.cn/images/performance/p99latency3.jpeg"></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
 
 
 # 文档
 
-开发文档：[https://goframe.org](https://goframe.org)
+开发文档：https://goframe.org
 
-接口文档：[https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf](https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf)
+接口文档：https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf
 
 # 帮助
 - QQ交流群：[116707870](//shang.qq.com/wpa/qunwpa?idkey=195f91eceeb5d7fa76009b7cd5a4641f70bf4897b7f5a520635eb26ff17adfe7)
 - WX交流群：微信添加`389961817`备注`GF`
 - 主库ISSUE：https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues
 
-> 建议通过阅读`Gorame`的源码以及API文档深度学习`GoFrame`，了解更多的精妙设计。
+> 建议通过阅读`GoFrame`的源码以及API文档深度学习`GoFrame`，了解更多的精妙设计。
 
 # 协议
 
 `GF` 使用非常友好的 [MIT](LICENSE) 开源协议进行发布，永久`100%`开源免费。
 
+# 用户
+
+- [腾讯科技](https://www.tencent.com/)
+- [中兴科技](https://www.zte.com.cn/china/)
+- [蚂蚁金服](https://www.antfin.com/)
+- [医联科技](https://www.medlinker.com/)
+- [库币科技](https://www.kucoin.io/)
+- [乐有家](https://www.leyoujia.com/)
+- [IGG](https://igg.com)
+- [喜马拉雅](https://www.ximalaya.com)
+- [作业帮](https://www.zybang.com/)
+
+> 在这里只列举了部分知名的用户，如果您的企业或者产品正在使用`GoFrame`，欢迎到 [这里](https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues/168) 留言。
+
 # 贡献
 
 感谢所有参与`GoFrame`开发的贡献者。 [[贡献者列表](https://github.com/gogf/gf/graphs/contributors)].
@@ -84,4 +165,5 @@ golang版本 >= 1.11
 赞助支持`GF`框架的快速研发，如果您感兴趣，请联系 微信 `389961817` / 邮件 `john@goframe.org`。
 
 # 感谢
-<a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/?from=GoFrame"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/jetbrains.png" width="100" alt="JetBrains"/></a>
+<a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/?from=GoFrame"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/jetbrains.png" width="100" alt="JetBrains"/></a>
+

RELEASE.2.MD

@@ -1,3 +1,735 @@
+# `v1.14.2` (2020-10-27)
+
+# GoFrame
+
+`GF(Go Frame)`是一款模块化、高性能、生产级的Go基础开发框架。实现了比较完善的基础设施建设以及开发工具链，提供了常用的基础开发模块，如：缓存、日志、队列、数组、集合、容器、定时器、命令行、内存锁、对象池、配置管理、资源管理、数据校验、数据编码、定时任务、数据库ORM、TCP/UDP组件、进程管理/通信等等。并提供了Web服务开发的系列核心组件，如：`Router`、`Cookie`、`Session`、`Middleware`、服务注册、模板引擎等等，支持热重启、热更新、域名绑定、`TLS/HTTPS`、`Rewrite`等特性。
+
+## 特点
+
+* 模块化、松耦合设计；
+* 模块丰富、开箱即用；
+* 简便易用、易于维护；
+* 高代码质量、高单元测试覆盖率；
+* 社区活跃，大牛谦逊低调脾气好；
+* 详尽的开发文档及示例；
+* 完善的本地中文化支持；
+* 设计为团队及企业使用；
+
+## 支持我们
+
+OSC最佳开源项目评选开始了，如果您喜欢`GoFrame`，欢迎为`GoFrame`投上您宝贵的一票🙏 https://www.oschina.net/p/goframe
+
+
+# Change Log
+
+由于`GoFrame`是模块化设计，因此每个版本的更新记录都会以模块的形式进行介绍。
+
+重要更新：
+1. 将框架内所有的`json`操作从标准库替换为`json-iterator/go`，提高操作效率。
+1. 缓存模块重构底层设计，增加适配器设计模式，并增加内存及`Redis`适配器支持。其中内存适配器默认核心模块提供，`Redis`适配器由社区模块提供：https://goframe.org/os/gcache/adapter
+1. 增加可自定义的校验规则注册特性：https://goframe.org/util/gvalid/customrule
+1. `Web Server`增加所有配置项示例：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/config/example
+1. `ORM`新增基于`Redis`的`SQL`缓存适配器：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/model/cache
+1. `ORM`新增模型关联实验特性：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/model/association
+1. `ORM`改进时间自动更新特性增加自定义时间字段：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/model/auto-time
+1. 错误处理模块新增`Current`及`Next`方法：https://goframe.org/errors/gerror/index
+
+
+
+## `net`
+1. `ghttp`
+    - `Client`
+        - 增加`GetVar/PutVar/PostVar`等`*Var`请求方法，用于发起`HTTP`请求获取内容之后直接返回泛型对象，方便类型转换，特别是针对于返回`XML/JSON`的结果处理将会更加简便：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/client/demo/index
+        - 增加`SetProxy/Proxy`方法，用于设置客户端代理，支持`HTTP/Socket5`代理类型：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/client/demo/proxy
+        - 增加`SetRedirectLimit/RedirectLimit`方法，用于设置页面跳转数量限制。
+    - `Request`
+        - 增加`ParseQuery`, `ParseForm`方法，用于解析指定类型的参数，并绑定到给定的对象。
+        - 增加`GetHeader`方法，用于获取指定`Header`参数。
+        - 增加`GetRemoteIp`方法，用于获取请求客户端IP。在IP白名单限制时应当使用`GetRemoteIp`而不是`GetClientIp`进行判断，后者可以通过`Header`伪造。
+        - 增加`ReloadParam`方法，往往用在中间件处理中，当中间件修改了请求参数，需要通过调用该方法重新解析一下请求参数。
+        - 增加`GetRouterMap`方法，用于获得所有的路由参数返回为`map`。
+    - `Response`
+        - 将`Output`方法名称改为`Flush`，用于将缓冲区的数据写入到客户端数据流中。
+    - `Server`
+        - `Server`增加所有配置项示例：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/config/example
+        - 增加`SessionCookieOutput`配置，用于控制是否输出`SessionId`到`Cookie`中，默认为开启。
+        - 改进路由解析，增加对`URI`带有重复的`/`符号的支持。
+        - `Pprof`功能路由支持`Domain`绑定。
+        - 其他一些细节改进。
+    - `Cookie`
+        - 增加`SetHttpCookie`方法，用于根据标准库`http.Cookie`对象设置`Cookie`。
+        - 其他一些功能改进
+    
+
+## `database`
+1. `gdb`
+    - 新增模型关联实验特性：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/model/association
+    - 改进时间自动更新特性增加自定义时间字段：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/model/auto-time
+    - 新增基于`Redis`的`SQL`缓存适配器：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/model/cache
+    - 新增对输入参数的键名-字段名自动识别映射特性：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/senior
+    - 新增`DB.HasTable`方法，用于判断是否当前数据库存在指定数据表。
+    - 新增`Model.HasField`方法，用于判断是否当前数据表存在指定字段。
+    - 新增`Model.ScanList`方法，用于智能地将当前`struct`/`slice`绑定到指定的`list`对应属性上。
+    - 新增`Result.MapKeyValue`方法，用于将当前`Result`转换为`map[string]Value`类型。
+    - 新增`Result.IsEmpty/Len/Size/ScanList`方法。
+    - 增加`ListItemValues`及`ListItemValuesUnique`方法，用于自动获取`list`中指定名称的键值或属性值，构成`slice`返回。
+    - `SQL`日志内容增加分组名称打印。
+    - 改进`DataToMapDeep`方法。
+    - 其他一些细节改进工作。
+    
+1. `gredis`
+    - 新增`TLS`特性支持，并支持配置文件配置，https://goframe.org/database/gredis/config
+
+## `container`
+1. `gvar`
+    - 增加`Scan`及`ScanDeep`方法，用于`struct`/`slice`自动识别转换。
+    - 增加`ListItemValues`及`ListItemValuesUnique`方法，用于自动获取`list`中指定名称的键值或属性值，构成`slice`返回。
+    - 增加`MapStrAny`接口实现方法。
+
+## `os`
+1. `gcache`
+    - 增加`GetVar`方法，用于获取缓存数据并返回为泛型对象。
+    - 增加`Update`方法，用于仅修改缓存数值，不修改缓存过期时间。
+    - 增加`UpdateExpire`方法，用于仅修改缓存过期时间，不修改缓存数值。
+    - 重构底层设计，增加适配器设计模式，并增加内存及`Redis`适配器支持。其中内存适配器默认核心模块提供，`Redis`适配器由社区模块提供：https://goframe.org/os/gcache/adapter
+    - 注意，本次模块的修改会有部分方法不兼容，部分方法增加了`error`参数返回，升级时请注意查看。编译时将不会通过。
+    - 其他一些功能改进。
+1. `gfile`
+    - 增加`ScanDirFileFunc`方法，用于自定义函数处理的递归目录文件遍历。
+    - 改进`Scan*`方法，增加递归层级限制，默认层级限制为`100000`.
+
+1. `gfsnotify`
+    - 去掉模块初始化时的`Watcher`对象创建，调整为运行时按需创建，并且增加了并发安全控制。
+
+1. `grpool`
+    - 增加`AddWithRecover`方法，用于添加异步任务时给定一个`recover`处理方法，当任务`panic`时交由该`recover`方法处理，防止异步任务`panic`引起整个进程崩溃。
+    > 这里解决的痛点是`recover`只能捕获到当前`goroutine`的`panic`，因此只能在创建异步任务的时候指定`recover`处理方法。
+
+1. `gtime`
+    - 增加`ParseDuration`方法，增加了对时间单位`d`的支持，表示天。
+    - 改进`New`方法，支持通过字符串、时间戳、`time.Time`对象创建`gtime.Time`对象，https://goframe.org/os/gtime/time
+    - 改进`Add/AddStr/ToLocation/ToZone/UTCLocal/AddDate/Truncate/Round`方法，这些方法调用时，不再修改当前对象本身，而是创建并返回一个新的`gtine.Time`对象，以便保证和标准库`time.Time`的逻辑一致，防止混淆。
+    - 其他一些细节改进。
+1. `gtimer`
+    - 增加`Reset`方法，用于重置定时任务的计时。
+1. `gfcache`
+    - 去掉了该模块，该模块的功能作用不是特别大。
+
+## `debug`
+1. `gdebug`
+    - 新增`GoroutineId`方法，用于获取当前执行的`goroutine id`，仅作调试使用。
+
+## `encoding`
+1. `gjson`
+    - 新增`GetScan/GetScanDeep`方法。
+    - 新增`ToScan/ToScanDeep`方法。
+    - 新增`LoadContentType`方法，用于根据指定类型的内容创建`Json`操作对象。
+    - 新增`IsValidDataType`方法，用于判断给定的数据类型是否支持解析。
+    - 其他一些改进。
+    - 单元测试完善。
+
+1. `gcompress`
+    - 新增`GzipFile/UnGzipFile`基于`gzip`压缩算法的文件压缩/解压。
+
+## `i18n`
+1. `gi18n`
+    - 新增`TranslateFormat/TranslateFormatLang/Tf/Tfl`方法: https://goframe.org/i18n/gi18n/index
+
+## `text`
+1. `gstr`
+    - 增加`SnakeFirstUpperCase`方法，用于在字母大写前增加连接符，并不会处理数字，例如：`SnakeFirstUpperCase("RGBCodeMd5")`将会返回`rgb_code_md5`。
+
+## `util`
+1. `gconv`
+    - 增加对指针基本类型的转换支持。
+    - 增加`Scan/ScanDeep`方法，用于自动识别转换`Struct/[]Struct`。
+    - 改进`MapDeep`方法的层级递归处理。
+    - 其他一些细节改进，性能改进。
+
+1. `gutil`
+    - 增加`ListItemValues`及`ListItemValuesUnique`方法，用于自动获取`list`中指定名称的键值或属性值，构成`slice`返回。
+    - 增加`ItemValue`方法，用于获取指定`map/*map/struct/*struct`类型的键值/属性值。
+    - 增加`MapOmitEmpty`方法，用于过滤`map`中的空值。
+    - 增加`SliceDelete`方法，用于数组项删除。
+    - 增加`Try`方法，通过闭包执行给定的方法，如果方法产生`panic`则该方法返回`error`，否则返回`nil`。
+    - 改进`TryCatch(try func(), catch ...func(exception interface{}))`为`TryCatch(try func(), catch ...func(exception error))`
+
+1. `gvalid`
+    - 增加自定义规则特性，开发者可注册自定义的校验规则：https://goframe.org/util/gvalid/customrule
+    - 其他一些功能改进。
+
+## `error`
+1. `gerror`
+    - 新增`Current`方法，用于获取当前错误层级的`error`接口对象。
+    - 新增`Next`方法，用于获取层级错误的下一级错误`error`接口对象。当下一层级不存在时，返回`nil`。
+    - 文档更新：https://goframe.org/errors/gerror/index
+
+## Bug Fix
+1. 修复`garray`模块的`Unique`方法问题。
+1. 修复`glog`中定时器懒初始化时的`goroutine`泄露问题。
+1. 修复`gstr`中名称`Case`转换相关方法在名称中带有数字+特殊字符时的名称转换问题。
+1. 修复`ghttp`模块中的`CORS`跨域设置`Header`细节问题。
+1. 其他BUG修复：https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues?q=is%3Aissue+label%3Abug+is%3Aclosed
+
+
+# `v1.13.1` (2020-06-10)
+
+# GoFrame
+
+`GF(Go Frame)`是一款模块化、高性能、生产级的Go基础开发框架。实现了比较完善的基础设施建设以及开发工具链，提供了常用的基础开发模块，如：缓存、日志、队列、数组、集合、容器、定时器、命令行、内存锁、对象池、配置管理、资源管理、数据校验、数据编码、定时任务、数据库ORM、TCP/UDP组件、进程管理/通信等等。并提供了Web服务开发的系列核心组件，如：Router、Cookie、Session、Middleware、服务注册、模板引擎等等，支持热重启、热更新、域名绑定、TLS/HTTPS、Rewrite等特性。
+
+## 特点
+
+* 模块化、松耦合设计；
+* 模块丰富、开箱即用；
+* 简便易用、易于维护；
+* 高代码质量、高单元测试覆盖率；
+* 社区活跃，大牛谦逊低调脾气好；
+* 详尽的开发文档及示例；
+* 完善的本地中文化支持；
+* 设计为团队及企业使用；
+
+## 发展
+
+`GoFrame`开始得比较早，`2011`年始于北京一个智能物联网平台项目，那时还没有这么多物联网的现行标准，`Go`的标准库以及生态也未如此丰富。`2017`年的时候`GF`才开始发布测试版，`2018`年`1024`程序员节日的时候才发布`v1.0`正式版，为`Go`生态发展添砖加瓦。开源以来快速迭代、发展成长，广受开发者和企业的青睐，也有许多的开发者加入了贡献行列。`GF`原本是为开发团队设计的，因此她的开发效率和可维护性做得非常好，有着很高的代码质量以及丰富的单元测试和示例，并且`GF`是目前中文化文档做的最好的`Golang`开发框架。
+
+# Change Log
+
+1. 应多数开发者的要求，框架要求的最低`Golang`运行版本降级为了`v1.11`。
+1. 新增`GoFrame`视频教程地址：
+    - bilibili：https://www.bilibili.com/video/av94410029
+    - 西瓜视频： https://www.ixigua.com/pseries/6809291194665796100/
+1. 将不常用的`guuid`模块迁移到 github.com/gogf/guuid 作为社区模块维护，保持`gf`主仓库的轻量级。
+1. 新增`guid`模块，用于高效轻量级的唯一字符串生成：https://goframe.org/util/guid/index
+
+
+## `tool chain`
+
+1. 工具链更新：https://goframe.org/toolchain/cli
+1. 新增`gf env`命令，更优雅地查看当前`Golang`环境变量信息。
+1. 新增`gf mod path`命令，用于将当前`go modules`包拷贝到`GOPATH`中，以便使用原始的`GOPATH`方式开发项目。
+1. 对现有`cli`命令进行了一些改进，提高使用体验；预编译二进制版本在部分平台下提供了`upx`压缩，使得下载的文件更小。
+
+## `container`
+1. `garray`
+    - https://goframe.org/container/garray/index
+    - 简化数组使用方式，支持类似于`var garray.Array`的变量定义使用方式；
+    - 增加`Walk`方法，用于自定义的数组元素处理方法；
+    - 增加`ContainsI`方法，用于大小写忽略匹配的数组元素项存在性查找；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`94%`；
+    - 代码改进，提高性能；
+    - 修复一些问题；
+1. `gchan`
+    - 由于该封装包实际意义不是很大，因此从主框架中删除；
+1. `glist`
+    - https://goframe.org/container/glist/index
+    - 简化链表使用方式，支持类似于`var glist.List`的变量定义使用方式；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`99%`；
+1. `gmap`
+    - https://goframe.org/container/gmap/index
+    - 简化`Map`使用方式，支持类似于`var gmap.Map`的变量定义使用方式；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`81%`；
+    - 代码改进，提高性能；
+1. `gset`
+    - https://goframe.org/container/gset/index
+    - 简化集合使用方式，支持类似于`var gset.Set`的变量定义使用方式；
+    - 增加`Walk`方法，用于自定义的集合元素处理方法；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`90%`；
+    - 代码改进，提高性能；
+1. `gtree`
+    - https://goframe.org/container/gtree/index
+    - 简化树型使用方式，支持类似于`var gtree.BTree`的变量定义使用方式；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`90%`；
+1. `gvar`
+    - https://goframe.org/container/gvar/index
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`69%`；
+    - 代码组织结构调整，提高维护性；
+    - 代码改进，提高性能；
+
+## `database`
+
+1. `gdb`
+    - 增加`Transaction(f func(tx *TX) error) (err error)`接口方法，用于通过闭包实现事务封装处理：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/transaction
+    - 去掉不常用的`From`接口方法，改进`Table`及`Model`方法的参数为不定参数，并支持通过不定参数传递表别名：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/select
+    - 增加`DryRun`特性，支持空跑时只执行查询不执行写入/更新/删除操作：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/senior
+    - 增加`create_at`, `update_at`写入时间、更新时间字段自动填充特性：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/auto-time
+    - 增加`delete_at`软删除特性：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/auto-time
+    - 增加`Having`链式操作方法，用于`having`条件查询：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/select
+    - `Result`结果对象增加`Chunk`方法，用于自定义的数据分批处理：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/result
+    - 改进`Schema`数据库运行时切换特性；
+    - 改进对`pgsql`, `mssql`, `sqlite`, `oracle`数据库字段类型的支持；
+    - 进一步完善单元测试；
+    - 代码组织结构调整，提高维护性；
+    - 代码改进，提高性能；
+1. `gredis`
+    - 增加`MaxActive`连接池参数默认配置为`100`，限制默认的连接数量；
+    - 改进`Conn`连接对象的`Do`方法，支持对`map/slice/struct`类型进行自动的`json.Marshal`处理，注意获取数据时使用`DoVar`方法获取：https://goframe.org/database/gredis/usage
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`72%`；
+
+## `net`
+1. `ghttp`
+    - 增加`Prefix`及`Retry`客户端链式操作方法；
+    - 增加客户端原始请求打印特性：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/client/demo/dump
+    - 增加`ClientMaxBodySize`的服务端配置，用于限制客户端提交的`Body`大小，默认为`8MB`；在涉及到上传的Server中需要增加该配置的大小，在配置文件中指定对应的大小即可，如`ClientMaxBodySize="100MB"`：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/config
+    - 改进`SessionId`生成的随机性，提高`Session`安全性：https://goframe.org/os/gsession/index
+    - 改进`ghttp.Server`实现了标准库的`http.Handler`接口，便于与其他第三方的服务如`Prometheus`进行代码集成；
+    - 其他大量的代码细节改进工作，提高性能及持久维护性；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`61%`；
+
+1. `gipv4`
+    - 增加`GetIpArray`方法，用于获取当前主机的所有IPv4地址；
+    - 增加`GetMacArray`及`GetMac`方法，用于获取当前主机的`MAC`地址信息；
+    - 修改`IntranetIP`方法名称为`GetIntranetIp`，修改`IntranetIPArray`方法名称为`GetIntranetIpArray`；
+
+## `encoding`
+1. `gjson`
+    - 新增`GetMaps`获取`JSON`内部节点变量方法；
+    - 改进`NewWithTag`方法对`map/struct`的处理；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`77%`；
+1. `gyaml`
+    - 升级依赖的第三方`yaml`解析包，解决了`map[interface{}]interface{}`转换问题；
+
+## `error`
+1. `gerror`
+    - 新增`NewfSkip`方法，用于创建`skip`指定堆栈的错误对象；
+    - 放开框架所有的堆栈链路打印，展示错误时真实的链路调用详情；
+
+## `os`
+1. `gcache`
+    - 增加`GetVar`方法，用于获得可以便捷转换为其他数据类型的"泛型"变量；
+    - 标记`Removes`方法废弃，改进`Remove`方法参数为不定参数，统一使用`Remove`方法删除单个/多个键值对；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`96%`；
+
+1. `genv`
+    - 增加`GetVar`方法，用于获得可以便捷转换为其他数据类型的"泛型"变量；
+
+1. `gfile`
+    - 改进`CopyDir/CopyFile`复制目录/文件方法；
+    - 新增`ScanDirFunc`方法，用于支持自定义处理回调的目录检索；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`64%`；
+
+1. `glog`
+    - 增加支持`Context`上下文变量的日志打印特性：https://goframe.org/os/glog/context
+
+1. `gres`
+    - 改进打包特性，增强生成二进制文件及Go文件的压缩比，比旧版本增加`20%`压缩率，使得编译生成的二进制文件体积更小；
+    - 代码结构改进，提高执行效率及可持久维护性；
+
+1. `gsession`
+    - 改进`SessionId`默认生成方法，采用`guid.S`方法生成；
+    - 增加`SetId`及`SetIdFunc`方法，用于自定义`SessionId`及自定义的`SessionId`生成方法；
+
+## `frame`
+1. `g`
+    - 新增`g.Table`方法，用于快速创建数据库模型操作对象；
+
+## `i18n`
+1. `gi18n`
+    - 新增`GetContent`方法，用于获取指定`i18n`关键字为转译内容；
+    - 改进代码细节，提高性能和持久可维护性；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`74%`；
+
+## `test`
+1. `gtest`
+    - 增加`AssertNQ`断言方法，用于强类型的不相等判断；
+
+## `text`
+1. `gstr`
+    - 增加`SubStrRune`方法，用于支持`unicode`的字符串截取；
+    - 增加`StrLimitRune`方法，用于支持`unicode`的字符串截断隐藏；
+    - 增加`LenRune`方法，用于替换`RuneLen`方法，统一方法命名风格；
+    - 增加`PosRune/PosIRune/PosRRune/PosRIRune`方法，用于支持`unicode`的字符串左右位置查找；
+    - 增加`CompareVersionGo`方法，用于`Golang`风格的版本号大小比较；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`75%`；
+
+## `util`
+1. `gconv`
+    - 改进`Convert`转换方法，支持常见`map`类型的转换；
+    - 改进类型转换过程中异常错误的捕获，通过`error`返回；
+    - 其他一些细节改进；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`63%`；
+
+1. `grand`
+    - 增加`B`方法，用于获得随机的二进制数据；
+    - 改进代码底层实现，部分接口性能提高`50%`；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`74%`；
+
+1. `guid`
+    - 新增`guid`模块，用于高效轻量级的唯一字符串生成：https://goframe.org/util/guid/index
+
+1. `gutil`
+    - 增加`MapContains`方法，用于判断map中是否包含指定键名；
+    - 增加`MapDelete`方法，用于删除map中指定的键名，可以为多个键名；
+    - 增加`MapMerge`方法，用于合并两个map；
+    - 增加`MapMergeCopy`方法，用于拷贝多个map；
+    - 增加`MapContainsPossibleKey`方法，用于查找指定键名，忽略大小写及字符`'-'/'_'/'.'/' '`；
+
+1. `gvalid`
+    - 所有默认的错误提示改为了英文；
+    - 错误提示的配置改为了通过`i18n`来配置实现，以便支持国际化：https://goframe.org/util/gvalid/message
+    - 身份证号规则名称从`id-number`改为了`resident-id `；
+    - 银行卡号规则名称从`luhn`改为了`bank-card`；
+    - 完善单元测试，代码覆盖率`96%`；
+
+## Bug Fix
+1. 修复`gcompress`的多文件`zip`压缩问题；
+1. 修复`ghttp.Client`获取返回的过期`Cookie`的问题；
+1. 修复`gres.File`对于`http.File`接口的实现细节；
+1. 修复`garray.Pop*`方法的边界问题；
+1. 修复`gres`中`Readdir`方法参数为`0`时报错的问题；
+1. 其他一些修复：https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues?q=is%3Aissue+label%3Abug
+
+
+
+
+# `v1.12.1` (2020-03-31)
+
+大家好啊！久等啦！
+
+由于自从上次版本的发布以来，越来越多小伙伴加入了`GF`的大家庭，并提供了许多不错的建议和反馈，这次版本对其中大部分反馈进行了处理，包括大部分的改进建议和部分新特性，因此这次的版本发布时隔了两个多月。`GF`非常注重代码质量以及可持续维护性，这次版本也进一步对框架大部分模块的示例、注释和单元测试用例进行了完善，目前单元测试用例数量约为`1991`例，代码覆盖率为`71%`，覆盖了所有模块的绝大部分主要功能。
+
+`GF`框架提供了比较常用、高质量的基础开发模块，轻量级、模块化、高性能，推荐大家阅读框架源码了解更多细节。本次发布有个别的不兼容升级，往往批量替换即可，以下`change log`比较完善，建议升级前仔细阅读。
+
+本次发布即意味下一版本开发计划的开启，欢迎更多小伙伴参与开源贡献：https://github.com/gogf/gf/projects/8
+
+感谢大家支持！Enjoy your `GF`！
+
+
+# GoFrame
+
+`GF(Go Frame)`是一款模块化、高性能、生产级的Go基础开发框架。实现了比较完善的基础设施建设以及开发工具链，提供了常用的基础开发模块，如：缓存、日志、队列、数组、集合、容器、定时器、命令行、内存锁、对象池、配置管理、资源管理、数据校验、数据编码、定时任务、数据库ORM、TCP/UDP组件、进程管理/通信等等。并提供了Web服务开发的系列核心组件，如：Router、Cookie、Session、Middleware、服务注册、模板引擎等等，支持热重启、热更新、域名绑定、TLS/HTTPS、Rewrite等特性。
+
+## 特点
+* 模块化、松耦合设计；
+* 模块丰富，开箱即用；
+* 简便易用，易于维护；
+* 社区活跃，大牛谦逊低调脾气好；
+* 高代码质量、高单元测试覆盖率；
+* 详尽的开发文档及示例；
+* 完善的本地中文化支持；
+* 更适合企业及团队使用；
+
+## 地址
+- 官网：https://goframe.org
+- 主库：https://github.com/gogf/gf 
+- 码云：https://gitee.com/johng/gf 
+
+# Change Log
+
+从`GF v1.12`版本开始，框架要求的最低`Golang`运行版本为`v1.13`，由于`Golang`新版本都是向后兼容的，因此推荐大家更新使用`Golang`新版本：https://golang.google.cn/dl/
+
+> 本次版本也新增了`Swagger`的工具及插件支持，另行独立发布。
+
+## `tool chain`
+1. `gen model`命令新增对`pgsql/mssql/sqlite/oracle`的模型生成支持。
+1. `gen model`命令生成模型新增公开包变量`Columns`用于获得表的字段名称。
+
+## `net`
+1. `ghttp`
+    - 注意：从该版本开始，`Server`默认关闭了平滑重启特性。开发者可以通过相应的配置选项打开。
+    - 改进`Client.Get`方法，增加可选的请求参数。
+    - 新增`Client`链式操作方法：`Header`, `HeaderRaw`, `Cookie`, `ContentType`, `ContentJson`, `ContentXml`, `Timeout`, `BasicAuth`, `Ctx`：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/client/chain
+    - 新增`Request.GetCtx/GetCtxVar/SetCtxVar/Context`上下文变量管理方法，用于请求内部的上下文变量特性：
+        - 自定义变量：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/request/custom
+        - 上下文变量：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/request/context
+    - 新增`Request.GetUploadFile/GetUploadFiles`方法，以及`UploadFile`类型，极大简化文件上传处理逻辑：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/client/demo/upload
+    - 新增`Request.GetPage`方法，用于便捷地获得分页对象：
+        - 基本介绍：https://goframe.org/util/gpage/index
+        - 动态分页：https://goframe.org/util/gpage/dynamic
+        - 静态分页：https://goframe.org/util/gpage/static
+        - Ajax分页：https://goframe.org/util/gpage/ajax
+        - URL模板：https://goframe.org/util/gpage/template
+        - 自定义分页：https://goframe.org/util/gpage/custom
+    - 改进`Response.Redirect*`方法，增加自定义的跳转HTTP状态码参数。
+    - 改进`CORS`特性，完善跨域功能处理，并完全遵守`W3C`关于`OPTIONS`请求方法的规范约定：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/cors
+    - 模板视图对象增加`Request`内置变量，用于模板获得请求参数。由于`GF`框架的模板引擎采用两级缓存设计，减少`IO`开销的同时提升了执行效率，即使增加了大量的内置变量以及内置方法，经过大规模的性能测试，性能比其他`WebServer`库相同逻辑下高出`50% - 200%`的效率。
+    - 新增`Server`实验性的`Plugin`特性。
+    - 改进`Server`底层路由存储、检索逻辑，优化代码，提升效率。
+    - 改进分组路由注册的源码位置记录功能，当路由注册冲突时能够精准定位及提示重复路由源码位置。
+    - 改进`Server`日志处理。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+
+## `database`
+1. `gdb`
+    - 代码重构改进，增加`Driver`驱动接口设计，方便开发者自定义驱动实现。新增`Register`包方法，用于开发者注册自定义的数据库类型驱动：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/driver
+    - 新增`GetArray`接口及实现，用于获取指定字段列的数据，构造成数组返回：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/select
+    - 新增`InsertIgnore`接口及实现，用于写入时忽略写入冲突，仅对`mysql`数据库类型有效：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/insert-save
+    - 新增`Schema`接口及实现，用于动态切换并获取指定名称的数据库对象：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/schema
+    - 新增`FieldsStr/FieldsExStr`模型方法，用于获取表字段，并构造成字符串返回：hhttps://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/fields-retrieve
+    - 新增`LockUpdate/LockShared`模型链式操作方法，用于实现悲观锁操作：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/lock
+    - 改进`Where/Data`方法对更新参数输入方式的支持，提高灵活性：
+        - https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/select
+        - https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/update-delete
+    - 查询结果对象`Result`新增`Array`方法，用于获得指定字段的数值，构造成数组返回：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/result
+    - 改进`OmitEmpty`方法对`Data`输入参数的过滤，当给定的`Data`参数为空时间对象时，将会被过滤。
+    - 增加默认的数据库连接池参数：`MaxIdleConns=10`。
+    - 其他一些改进。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gredis`
+    - 增加/修改默认的数据库连接池参数：`MaxIdle=10`, `IdleTimeout=10s`, `MaxConnLifetime=30s`, `Wait=true`。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+## `container`
+1. 所有容器对象新增`UnmarshalValue(interface{}) error`接口方法实现，用于`gconv`转换时根据任意类型变量创建/设置对象内容，`GF`框架的所有容器对象均实现了该接口。
+
+1. `garray`
+    - 新增`RemoveValue`方法，用于根据数值检索并删除元素项。
+    - 新增`FilterNil`方法，用于遍历并删除数组中的`nil`元素项。
+    - 新增`FilterEmpty`方法，用于遍历并删除数组中的空值元素项，空值包括：`0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0`。
+    - 改进`Set/Fill/InsertBefore/InsertAfter`方法严谨性，将原有的链式操作返回值对象修改为`error`返回值。
+    - 改进`Get/Remove/PopRand/PopLeft/PopRight/Rand`方法严谨性，增加`found`的`bool`返回值，标识当前方法是否有数据返回，当空数组或者操作越界时`found`返回值为`false`。
+    - 改变`Rands`方法原有逻辑，保证按照给定大小返回随机数组。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gpool`
+    - 调整缓存池过期时间参数类型，旧版本为`int`类型表示毫秒，新版本为`time.Duration`类型使得时间控制更灵活。
+    - 内部代码优化，性能改进。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+    - 完善注释。
+
+## `os`
+1. `glog`
+    - 增加`Rotation`日志滚动切分特性，新增按照文件大小或过期时间进行日志切分，并支持切分文件数量限制、对日志文件进行自动压缩、可自定义压缩级别（`1-9`）、支持对切分文件过期时间清理：https://goframe.org/os/glog/rotate
+    - 新增`LevelPrefixes`特性，支持对日志级别的前缀名称进行自定义：https://goframe.org/os/glog/level
+    - 新增`SetLevelStr`方法，并增加按照字符串进行日志级别配置的特性：
+        - https://goframe.org/os/glog/level
+        - https://goframe.org/os/glog/config
+    - 新增`SetDefaultLogger`包方法，用于设置全局默认的`Logger`对象。
+
+1. `gres`
+    1. 改进资源内容编码设计，采用新的压缩算法，减少资源文件大小，例如原本`15MB`的网站静态资源文件（`css/js/html`等），资源文件打包后约为`4MB`左右：https://goframe.org/os/gres/index
+    1. 注意：该改进与旧版本无法兼容，需要重新打包原有的资源文件。
+    1. 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gcfg`
+    - 去掉配置对象属性的原子并发安全控制，改为普通变量类型。由于配置管理是最常用模块之一，因此确保高效的设计及方法实现。
+    - 单例对象做较大调整：为方便多文件场景下的配置文件调用，简便使用并提高开发效率，因此当给定的单例名称对应的`toml`配置文件在配置目录中存在时，将自动设置该单例对象的默认配置文件为该文件。例如：`g.Cfg("redis")`获取到的单例对象将会默认去检索并设置默认的配置文件为`redis.toml`，当该文件不存在时，则使用默认的配置文件（`config.toml`）：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/config
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gview`
+    - 新增`concat`内置字符串拼接方法：https://goframe.org/os/gview/function/buildin
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gfile`
+    - 改进`SelfPath`获取当前执行文件路径方法，提高执行效率。
+    - 改进`Join`文件路径连接方法，防止多余的路径连接符号。
+    - 改建`GetContents`文件内容获取方法执行效率，降低内存占用。
+    - 新增`StrToSize`方法，用于将大小字符串转换为字节数字，大小字符串例如`10m`, `5KB`, `1.25Gib`等。
+    - 新增`ReadLines/ReadByteLines`方法，用于按行读取指定文件内容，并给定读取回调函数。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gtime`
+    - 改进`gtime.Time`对象实现，统一字符串打印时间格式为`Y-m-d H:i:s`，如：`2020-01-01 12:00:00`。
+
+1. `gcmd`
+    - 命令行解析方法增加`strict`参数，用于设置当前解析是否严格解析，严格解析下如果给定了非法的选项，将会停止解析并返回错误。默认情况下为非严格解析。
+
+1. `genv`
+    - 改进`Remove`删除环境变量键值对方法，增加对多个键值对环境变量的删除。
+
+1. `gfpool`
+    - 改进代码实现，提高效率。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gfsnotify`
+    - 改进包初始化方法，当系统原因引起默认`Watcher`对象创建失败时，直接`panic`。
+
+1. `gproc`
+    - 改进`SearchBinaryPath`方法。
+    - 改进`Process.Kill`方法在`windows`及`*niux`平台下不同表现的处理。
+
+## `encoding`
+1. `gjson`
+    - 代码改进、完善注释、新增大量代码示例。
+    - 文档更新：
+        - 基本介绍：https://goframe.org/encoding/gjson/index
+        - 对象创建：https://goframe.org/encoding/gjson/object
+        - 层级访问：https://goframe.org/encoding/gjson/pattern
+        - Struct转换：https://goframe.org/encoding/gjson/conversion-struct
+        - 动态创建修改：https://goframe.org/encoding/gjson/dataset
+        - 数据格式转换：https://goframe.org/encoding/gjson/conversion-format
+
+## `frame`
+1. `g`
+    - 新增`IsNil`方法，用于判断当前给定的变量是否为`nil`，该方法有可能会使用到反射来实现判断。
+    - 新增`IsEmpty`方法，用于判断当前给定的变量是否为`空`，该方法优先使用断言判断但有可能会使用到反射来实现判断。空值包括：`0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0`。
+    - 标记废弃`SetServerGraceful`方法，转而统一交给`Server`的配置来管理。
+1. `gins`
+    - 改进代码结构，方便维护。
+    - 改进、完善单元测试。
+1. `gmvc`
+    - 新增`M`类型，为`*gdb.Model`的别名简称，用于工具链自动生成模型中的`M`属性。
+
+## `text`
+1. `gstr`
+    - 新增`HasPrefix/HasSuffix`方法。
+    - 新增`OctStr`方法，用于将八进制字符串转换为其对应的`unicode`字符串，例如转换为中文。常用于`gRPC`底层通信编码中。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+## `debug`
+1. `gdebug`
+    - 改进代码结构，方便维护。
+    - 新增`TestDataPath`方法，用于当前包单元测试中获得当前包中`testdata`目录的绝对路径。
+
+## `util`
+1. `gconv`
+    - 改进`String`字符串转换方法，增加对`time.Time/*time.Time/gtime.Time`类型的内置支持。
+    - 改进`Map/Struct`转换方法，增加对一些特殊场景的细节处理。经过大规模的使用，大量的反馈改进，不断完善了细节。
+    - 改进`Struct`转换方法，增加对`UnmarshalValue(interface{}) error`接口的支持。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `grand`
+    - 注意：不兼容调整，原有的`Str`方法更名为`S`方法，用以获取指定长度的随机字符串、数字，并增加`symbol`参数，指定是否可以随机返回特殊可见字符。
+    - 新增`Str`方法，用于从指定的字符串字符中随机获取指定长度的字符串。该方法同时支持`unicode`字符串，例如：中文：https://goframe.org/util/grand/index
+    - 新增`Symbols`方法，用于随机返回指定场孤独的特殊可见字符：https://goframe.org/util/grand/index
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+1. `gvalid`
+    - 长度校验规则增加对`unicode`字符串的支持，例如：中文。
+
+# Bug Fix
+1. 修复`Server`的视图对象配置失效问题。
+1. 修复`Server`中间件在中间件`panic`情况下，忽略`Middleware.Next`方法控制，导致鉴权中间件失效的问题。
+1. 修复`gudp.Server`在请求包大小超过`64bytes`时的断包问题，并调整默认缓冲区大小为`1024byte`，开发者可自定义缓冲区大小。
+1. 修复`gfile.MTimeMillisecond`方法返回错误的文件修改毫秒时间戳。
+1. 修复`gconv.Int64`对负数转换的支持。
+1. 其他一些修复。
+1. 详见：https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues?q=label%3Abug
+
+
+
+# `v1.11.2` (2020-01-14)
+
+`GF(Go Frame)` https://goframe.org 是一款模块化、高性能、生产级的Go基础开发框架。实现了比较完善的基础设施建设，包括常用的核心开发组件， 如：缓存、日志、文件、时间、队列、数组、集合、字符串、定时器、命令行、文件锁、内存锁、对象池、连接池、资源管理、数据校验、数据编码、文件监控、 定时任务、数据库ORM、TCP/UDP组件、进程管理/通信、并发安全容器等等。 并提供了Web服务开发的系列核心组件，如：Router、Cookie、Session、Middleware、服务注册、配置管理、模板引擎等等， 支持热重启、热更新、多域名、多端口、多服务、HTTPS、Rewrite等特性。
+
+`GF`有着丰富的基础模块、完善的工具链、详尽的开发文档。开源近两年以来，`GF`得到越来越多小伙伴的肯定和支持，从寂寂无名到现在被广泛应用于微服务、物联网、区块链、电商系统、银行系统等企业级的生产项目中，经历了百万级、千万级项目的考验，2019年度被码云`gitee`评选为`GVP`最有价值开源项目。`GF`正在快速地成长中，目前保持着1-2个月迭代版本的发布规律，社区活跃，欢迎加入`GF`大家庭。
+
+最后，祝大家2020新年快乐，鼠年大吉！
+
+
+
+## 新特性
+
+1. 新年新气象，官网文档大量更新：https://goframe.org/index
+1. `GF`工具链更新：https://goframe.org/toolchain/cli
+    - 新增`gf run`热编译运行命令；
+    - 新增`gf docker` Docker镜像编译命令；
+    - 新增`gf gen model` 强大的模型自动生成命令；
+    - `gf build`命令增加对配置文件配置支持；
+    - 大量命令行工具改进工作；
+    - 新增自动代理设置特性；
+1. 数据库`ORM`新特性：
+    - 增加`prefix`数据表前缀支持：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/config
+    - 新增`Schema`数据库对象并改进数据库切换特性：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/schema
+    - 新增`WherePri`方法，用于自动识别主键的条件方法：https://goframe.org/database/gdb/chaining/select
+    - 文档及示例大量更新，覆盖95%以上的功能特性；
+
+
+
+## 功能改进
+
+### `container`
+1. `garray`
+    - 新增`New*ArrayRange`方法，用于初始化创建指定数值范围的数组。
+    - 新增`Iterator*`方法，用于数组项元素回调遍历。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+1. `gvar`
+    - 改进`MapStrStr`、`MapStrStrDeep`方法实现。
+
+### `net`
+1. `ghttp`
+    - 改进HTTP客户端，增加对提交参数的自动`Content-Type`识别功能。
+    - `Request`对象增加`Parse`方法，用于快捷的对象转换即参数校验。
+    - `Request.GetPost*`方法全部标记为`deprecated`，统一客户端参数提交方式为`QueryString`, `Form`, `Body`。
+    - 去掉`Response`模板解析时的`Get`/`Post`内置变量，新增`Query`, `Form`, `Request`内置变量：https://goframe.org/net/ghttp/response/template
+    - 改进`Response.WriteJson*`及`Response.WriteXml*`方法，增加对`string`, `[]byte`类型参数的支持。
+    - `Server`新增`GetRouterArray`方法，用于向应用层暴露并获取`Server`的路由列表。
+    - `Server`新增`Use`方法，该方法为`BindMiddlewareDefault`的别名，用以全局中间件的注册。
+    - `Server`新增`RouteOverWrite`配置项，用于控制是否在注册路由冲突时自动覆盖，默认关闭并提示。
+    - `Server`新增`Graceful`配置项，用于在单服务场景下控制平滑重启特性的开启/关闭，默认开启。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+1. `gtcp`
+    - 改进简单协议下的数据包发送接收功能。
+    - 将连接池默认的缓存过期时间`30`秒修改为`10`秒。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+### `database`
+1. `gdb`
+    - 新增`As`数据表别名方法。
+    - 改进数据表、字段的安全字符自动识别添加功能。
+    - 新增`DB`数据库对象切换方法。
+    - 新增`TX`链式操作事务支持方法。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+### `os`
+1. `gcfg`
+    - 新增`GetMapStrStr`方法。
+1. `gcmd`
+    - 增加参数解析的`strict`严格参数，默认严格解析，不存在指定参数/选项名称时则报错返回。
+1. `genv`
+    - 改进`Remove`方法支持多个环境变量的删除。
+1. `gfile`
+    - 改进`TempDir`临时目录获取方法，在`*nix`系统下默认为`/tmp`目录。
+    - 新增`ReadLines`, `ReadByteLines`方法，用以按行回调读取文件内容。
+    - 新增`Copy*`方法，用以文件/目录的拷贝，支持递归。
+    - 新增`Replace*`方法，用以目录下的文件内容替换，支持递归。
+    - 改进`Scan*`方法，用以检索并返回指定目录下的所有文件/目录，支持文件模式指定，支持递归。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+1. `gproc`
+    - 改进命令行运行方法。
+    - 改进`Shell`命令文件检索逻辑。
+    - 改进实验性的进程间通信设计。
+1. `gtime`
+    - 将包方法以及`Time`对象的时间戳方法`Second`, `Millisecond`, `Microsecond`, `Nanosecond`标记为废除，
+    并新增`Timestamp`, `TimestampMilli`, `TimestampMicro`, `TimestampNano`替换。
+    - 需要注意的是以上修改可能和老版本存在兼容性问题。
+
+1. `gview`
+    - 解析功能、缓存设计改进。
+    - 新增`encode`, `decode`HTML编码/解码模板函数。
+    - 新增`concat`字符串拼接模板函数。
+    - 新增`dump`模板函数，功能类似于`g.Dump`方法。
+    - 新增`AutoEncode`配置项，用于自动转码输出的`HTML`内容，常用于防止`XSS`，默认关闭。需要注意的是该特性并不会影响`include`内置函数: https://goframe.org/os/gview/xss
+    - 单元测试完善。
+
+### `crypto`
+1. `gmd5`
+    - 增加`MustEncrypt`, `MustEncryptBytes`, `MustEncryptString`, `MustEncryptFile`方法。
+1. `gsha1`
+    - 增加`MustEncryptFile`方法
+
+### `encoding`
+1. `gbase64`
+    - 新增`MustEncodeFile`, `MustEncodeFileToString`, `MustDecode`, `MustDecodeToString`方法。
+1. `gjson`/`gparser`
+    - 新增`GetMapStrStr`方法。
+    - 新增`Must*`方法，用于指定数据格式的转换失败时产生`panic`错误，而不会返回`error`参数。
+
+### `util`
+1. `gconv`
+    - 改进`Convert`方法增加对`[]int32`, `[]int64`, `[]uint`, `[]uint32`, `[]uint64`, `[]float32`, `[]float64`数据类型的转换支持。
+    - 改进`String`字符串转换方法对指针参数的支持。
+    - 改进`Map*` Map转换方法的代码结构及性能。
+    - 新增`Floats`, `Float32s`, `Float64s`对`[]float32`, `[]float64`类型转换方法。
+    - 新增`Ints`, `Int32s`, `Int64s`对`[]int`, `[]int32`, `[]int64`类型转换方法。
+    - 新增`Uints`, `Uint32s`, `Uint64s`对`[]uint`, `[]uint32`, `[]uint64`类型转换方法。
+    - 完善单元测试。
+
+
+### `frame`
+1. `gins`
+    - 所有的单例对象在获取失败时产生`panic`错误。
+
+## Bug Fix
+1. 增加对常见错误路由格式例如`/user//index`的兼容支持。
+1. 修复`gtcp`/`gudp`在数据接收时的间隔时间单位问题。
+1. 修复`gfile`/`gspath`/`gfsnotify`包对文件的存在性判断不严谨问题。
+1. 修复`gproc.Kill`方法在`windows`系统下的运行阻塞问题。
+1. 修复`gstr.TrimLeftStr`/`gstr.TrimRightStr`在被替换字符串长度小于替换字符串长度时的数组溢出问题。
+
+
+
 # `v1.10.0` (2019-12-05)
 
 各位`gfer`久等了，较上一次发布时间过去已有两个多月了，这段时间`GF`也在不断地迭代改进，细节比较多，拟了个大概，以下是`release log`。

TODO.Deprecated.MD

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+> This markdown is deprecated and will be removed in future. All TODO features are staged in the issue: https://github.com/gogf/gf/issues
+
 # ON THE WAY
 1. 增加图形验证码支持，至少支持数字和英文字母；
 1. Cookie&Session数据池化处理；
@@ -10,7 +12,6 @@
 1. gjson对大json数据的解析效率问题；
 1. ghttp增加route name特性，并同时支持backend和template(提供内置函数)引用，可以通过RedirectRoute方法给定route name和路由参数跳转到指定的路由地址上；
 1. gvalid校验支持当第一个规则失败后便不再校验后续的规则，最好做成链式操作；
-1. gvalid增加支持对[]rune的长度校验(一个中文占3个字节)；
 1. ghttp.Request增加对输入参数的自动HtmlEncode机制；
 1. 常量命名风格根据golint进行修改；
 1. 开放rwmutex包，并将gjson的互斥锁使用自定义的mutex替换；
@@ -21,8 +22,6 @@
     - ghttp Server&Client basic auth、
     - glog分类&日志等级&链式操作、gdb debug自动输出调试信息、gmlock内存锁、
 1. 服务注册域名增加对泛域名的支持；
-1. Cookie设置中文失效问题；
-1. 使用gconv将slice映射到struct属性上，例如redis hscan的结果集；
 1. 项目参考：
     - https://github.com/namreg/godown
     - https://github.com/Masterminds/sprig
@@ -31,32 +30,36 @@
 1. 路由增加不区分大小写得匹配方式；
 1. 改进WebServer获取POST参数处理逻辑，当提交非form数据时，例如json数据，针对某些方法可以直接解析；
 1. WebServer增加可选择的路由覆盖配置，默认情况下不覆盖；
-1. grpool性能压测结果变慢的问题；
 1. 增加jumplist的数据结构容器；
 1. DelayQueue/PriorityQueue；
 1. 权限管理模块；
 1. 从ghttp中剥离SESSION功能构成单独的模块gsession；
 1. 改进gproc进程间通信处理逻辑，提高稳定性，以应对进程间大批量的数据发送/接收；
-1. ghttp的热重启的本地进程端口监听，在不使用该特性时默认关闭掉；
-1. gtcp增加对TLS加密通信的支持；
 1. 添加Save/Replace/BatchSave/BatchReplace方法对sqlite数据库的支持；
 1. 添加sqlite数据库的单元测试用例；
 1. gredis增加cluster支持；
 1. gset.Add/Remove/Contains方法增加批量操作支持；
 1. gmlock增加手动清理机制：当内存锁不再使用时，由调用端决定是否清理内存锁；
 1. gtimer增加DelayAdd*方法返回Entry对象，以便DelayAdd*的定时任务也能进行状态控制；gcron同理需要改进；
-1. 改进gdb对pgsql/mssql/oracle的支持，使用方法覆盖的方式改进操作，而不是完全依靠正则替换的方式；
-1. gdb的Cache缓存功能增加可自定义缓存接口，以便支持外部缓存功能，缓存接口可以通过io.ReadWriter接口实现；
 1. grpool增加支持阻塞添加任务接口；
 1. gdb.Model在链式安全的对象创建中增加sync.Pool的使用；
 1. 增加g.Table快捷方法以方便操作数据表，但是得考虑后续模型操作设计，特别是脚手架的模型管理；
-1. 改进ghttp分组路由中对hook的支持方式，以便格式与BindHookHandler统一；
+
 
 
 
 
 
 # DONE
+1. Cookie设置中文失效问题；
+1. gvalid增加支持对[]rune的长度校验(一个中文占3个字节)；
+1. grpool性能压测结果变慢的问题；
+1. ghttp的热重启的本地进程端口监听，在不使用该特性时默认关闭掉；
+1. gtcp增加对TLS加密通信的支持；
+1. 改进gdb对pgsql/mssql/oracle的支持，使用方法覆盖的方式改进操作，而不是完全依靠正则替换的方式；
+1. gdb的Cache缓存功能增加可自定义缓存接口，以便支持外部缓存功能，缓存接口可以通过io.ReadWriter接口实现；
+1. 改进ghttp分组路由中对hook的支持方式，以便格式与BindHookHandler统一；
+1. 使用gconv将slice映射到struct属性上，例如redis hscan的结果集；
 1.  gconv完善针对不同类型的判断，例如：尽量减少sprintf("%v", xxx)来执行string类型的转换；
 2.  ghttp.Server请求执行中增加服务退出的方法，不再执行后续操作；
 3.  ghttp.Response对象完善并改进数据返回方法(Write/WriteString)；

container/garray/garray.go

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 // If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
 
-// Package garray provides concurrent-safe/unsafe arrays.
+// Package garray provides most commonly used array containers which also support concurrent-safe/unsafe switch feature.
 package garray

container/garray/garray_func.go

@@ -8,6 +8,12 @@ package garray
 
 import "strings"
 
+// apiInterfaces is used for type assert api for Interfaces.
+type apiInterfaces interface {
+	Interfaces() []interface{}
+}
+
+// defaultComparatorInt for int comparison.
 func defaultComparatorInt(a, b int) int {
 	if a < b {
 		return -1
@@ -18,6 +24,7 @@ func defaultComparatorInt(a, b int) int {
 	return 0
 }
 
+// defaultComparatorStr for string comparison.
 func defaultComparatorStr(a, b string) int {
 	return strings.Compare(a, b)
 }

container/garray/garray_normal_any.go

@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ package garray
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/text/gstr"
 	"math"
 	"sort"
@@ -20,8 +21,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/grand"
 )
 
+// Array is a golang array with rich features.
+// It contains a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch, which should be set
+// when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 type Array struct {
-	mu    *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu    rwmutex.RWMutex
 	array []interface{}
 }
 
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@ func NewArray(safe ...bool) *Array {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewArraySize(size int, cap int, safe ...bool) *Array {
 	return &Array{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: make([]interface{}, size, cap),
 	}
 }
@@ -77,7 +81,7 @@ func NewFromCopy(array []interface{}, safe ...bool) *Array {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewArrayFrom(array []interface{}, safe ...bool) *Array {
 	return &Array{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: array,
 	}
 }
@@ -89,26 +93,31 @@ func NewArrayFromCopy(array []interface{}, safe ...bool) *Array {
 	newArray := make([]interface{}, len(array))
 	copy(newArray, array)
 	return &Array{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: newArray,
 	}
 }
 
-// Get returns the value of the specified index,
-// the caller should notice the boundary of the array.
-func (a *Array) Get(index int) interface{} {
+// Get returns the value by the specified index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *Array) Get(index int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	value := a.array[index]
-	return value
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return a.array[index], true
 }
 
 // Set sets value to specified index.
-func (a *Array) Set(index int, value interface{}) *Array {
+func (a *Array) Set(index int, value interface{}) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
 	a.array[index] = value
-	return a
+	return nil
 }
 
 // SetArray sets the underlying slice array with the given <array>.
@@ -154,48 +163,60 @@ func (a *Array) SortFunc(less func(v1, v2 interface{}) bool) *Array {
 }
 
 // InsertBefore inserts the <value> to the front of <index>.
-func (a *Array) InsertBefore(index int, value interface{}) *Array {
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	rear := append([]interface{}{}, a.array[index:]...)
-	a.array = append(a.array[0:index], value)
-	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
-	return a
-}
-
-// InsertAfter inserts the <value> to the back of <index>.
-func (a *Array) InsertAfter(index int, value interface{}) *Array {
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	rear := append([]interface{}{}, a.array[index+1:]...)
-	a.array = append(a.array[0:index+1], value)
-	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
-	return a
-}
-
-// Remove removes an item by index.
-func (a *Array) Remove(index int) interface{} {
+func (a *Array) InsertBefore(index int, value interface{}) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
-		return nil
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
 	}
-	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency。
+	rear := append([]interface{}{}, a.array[index:]...)
+	a.array = append(a.array[0:index], value)
+	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// InsertAfter inserts the <value> to the back of <index>.
+func (a *Array) InsertAfter(index int, value interface{}) error {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
+	rear := append([]interface{}{}, a.array[index+1:]...)
+	a.array = append(a.array[0:index+1], value)
+	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Remove removes an item by index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *Array) Remove(index int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(index)
+}
+
+// doRemoveWithoutLock removes an item by index without lock.
+func (a *Array) doRemoveWithoutLock(index int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency.
 	if index == 0 {
 		value := a.array[0]
 		a.array = a.array[1:]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	} else if index == len(a.array)-1 {
 		value := a.array[index]
 		a.array = a.array[:index]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	}
 	// If it is a non-boundary delete,
 	// it will involve the creation of an array,
 	// then the deletion is less efficient.
-	value := a.array[index]
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // RemoveValue removes an item by value.
@@ -226,52 +247,68 @@ func (a *Array) PushRight(value ...interface{}) *Array {
 }
 
 // PopRand randomly pops and return an item out of array.
-func (a *Array) PopRand() interface{} {
-	return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *Array) PopRand() (value interface{}, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }
 
 // PopRands randomly pops and returns <size> items out of array.
 func (a *Array) PopRands(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
 		size = len(a.array)
 	}
 	array := make([]interface{}, size)
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
-		index := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
-		array[i] = a.array[index]
-		a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
+		array[i], _ = a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 	}
 	return array
 }
 
 // PopLeft pops and returns an item from the beginning of array.
-func (a *Array) PopLeft() interface{} {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *Array) PopLeft() (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	value := a.array[0]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[0]
 	a.array = a.array[1:]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRight pops and returns an item from the end of array.
-func (a *Array) PopRight() interface{} {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *Array) PopRight() (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	index := len(a.array) - 1
-	value := a.array[index]
+	if index < 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopLefts pops and returns <size> items from the beginning of array.
 func (a *Array) PopLefts(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	length := len(a.array)
-	if size > length {
-		size = length
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[0:size]
 	a.array = a.array[size:]
@@ -282,9 +319,14 @@ func (a *Array) PopLefts(size int) []interface{} {
 func (a *Array) PopRights(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	index := len(a.array) - size
-	if index < 0 {
-		index = 0
+	if index <= 0 {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[index:]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
@@ -411,7 +453,7 @@ func (a *Array) Clone() (newArray *Array) {
 	array := make([]interface{}, len(a.array))
 	copy(array, a.array)
 	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return NewArrayFrom(array, !a.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewArrayFrom(array, a.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Clear deletes all items of current array.
@@ -433,18 +475,7 @@ func (a *Array) Contains(value interface{}) bool {
 // or returns -1 if not exists.
 func (a *Array) Search(value interface{}) int {
 	a.mu.RLock()
-	result := -1
-	for index, v := range a.array {
-		if v == value {
-			result = index
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return result
-}
-
-func (a *Array) doSearch(value interface{}) int {
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	if len(a.array) == 0 {
 		return -1
 	}
@@ -459,12 +490,15 @@ func (a *Array) doSearch(value interface{}) int {
 }
 
 // Unique uniques the array, clear repeated items.
+// Example: [1,1,2,3,2] -> [1,2,3]
 func (a *Array) Unique() *Array {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	for i := 0; i < len(a.array)-1; i++ {
-		for j := i + 1; j < len(a.array); j++ {
+		for j := i + 1; j < len(a.array); {
 			if a.array[i] == a.array[j] {
 				a.array = append(a.array[:j], a.array[j+1:]...)
+			} else {
+				j++
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -493,32 +527,16 @@ func (a *Array) RLockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *Array {
 // The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
 // but Merge supports more parameter types.
 func (a *Array) Merge(array interface{}) *Array {
-	switch v := array.(type) {
-	case *Array:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *IntArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *StrArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedIntArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedStrArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	default:
-		a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(array)...)
-	}
-	return a
+	return a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(array)...)
 }
 
 // Fill fills an array with num entries of the value <value>,
 // keys starting at the <startIndex> parameter.
-func (a *Array) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value interface{}) *Array {
+func (a *Array) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value interface{}) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if startIndex < 0 {
-		startIndex = 0
+	if startIndex < 0 || startIndex > len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", startIndex, len(a.array)))
 	}
 	for i := startIndex; i < startIndex+num; i++ {
 		if i > len(a.array)-1 {
@@ -527,7 +545,7 @@ func (a *Array) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value interface{}) *Array {
 			a.array[i] = value
 		}
 	}
-	return a
+	return nil
 }
 
 // Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
@@ -581,27 +599,27 @@ func (a *Array) Pad(size int, val interface{}) *Array {
 }
 
 // Rand randomly returns one item from array(no deleting).
-func (a *Array) Rand() interface{} {
+func (a *Array) Rand() (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))], true
 }
 
 // Rands randomly returns <size> items from array(no deleting).
 func (a *Array) Rands(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
-		size = len(a.array)
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
 	}
-	n := make([]interface{}, size)
-	for i, v := range grand.Perm(len(a.array)) {
-		n[i] = a.array[v]
-		if i == size-1 {
-			break
-		}
+	array := make([]interface{}, size)
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		array[i] = a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
 	}
-	return n
+	return array
 }
 
 // Shuffle randomly shuffles the array.
@@ -628,6 +646,9 @@ func (a *Array) Reverse() *Array {
 func (a *Array) Join(glue string) string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	for k, v := range a.array {
 		buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
@@ -654,7 +675,7 @@ func (a *Array) Iterator(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	a.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the array in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the array readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *Array) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -666,7 +687,7 @@ func (a *Array) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the array in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *Array) IteratorDesc(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -701,7 +722,8 @@ func (a *Array) String() string {
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
-func (a *Array) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+// Note that do not use pointer as its receiver here.
+func (a Array) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return json.Marshal(a.array)
@@ -709,8 +731,7 @@ func (a *Array) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (a *Array) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	if a.array == nil {
 		a.array = make([]interface{}, 0)
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -723,9 +744,6 @@ func (a *Array) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for array.
 func (a *Array) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
-	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	switch value.(type) {
@@ -765,3 +783,18 @@ func (a *Array) FilterEmpty() *Array {
 	}
 	return a
 }
+
+// Walk applies a user supplied function <f> to every item of array.
+func (a *Array) Walk(f func(value interface{}) interface{}) *Array {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	for i, v := range a.array {
+		a.array[i] = f(v)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks whether the array is empty.
+func (a *Array) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return a.Len() == 0
+}

container/garray/garray_normal_int.go

@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ package garray
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"math"
 	"sort"
 
@@ -18,8 +19,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/grand"
 )
 
+// IntArray is a golang int array with rich features.
+// It contains a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch, which should be set
+// when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 type IntArray struct {
-	mu    *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu    rwmutex.RWMutex
 	array []int
 }
 
@@ -35,7 +39,7 @@ func NewIntArray(safe ...bool) *IntArray {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewIntArraySize(size int, cap int, safe ...bool) *IntArray {
 	return &IntArray{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: make([]int, size, cap),
 	}
 }
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ func NewIntArrayRange(start, end, step int, safe ...bool) *IntArray {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewIntArrayFrom(array []int, safe ...bool) *IntArray {
 	return &IntArray{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: array,
 	}
 }
@@ -72,26 +76,31 @@ func NewIntArrayFromCopy(array []int, safe ...bool) *IntArray {
 	newArray := make([]int, len(array))
 	copy(newArray, array)
 	return &IntArray{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: newArray,
 	}
 }
 
-// Get returns the value of the specified index,
-// the caller should notice the boundary of the array.
-func (a *IntArray) Get(index int) int {
+// Get returns the value by the specified index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *IntArray) Get(index int) (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	value := a.array[index]
-	return value
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	return a.array[index], true
 }
 
 // Set sets value to specified index.
-func (a *IntArray) Set(index int, value int) *IntArray {
+func (a *IntArray) Set(index int, value int) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
 	a.array[index] = value
-	return a
+	return nil
 }
 
 // SetArray sets the underlying slice array with the given <array>.
@@ -127,8 +136,7 @@ func (a *IntArray) Sum() (sum int) {
 }
 
 // Sort sorts the array in increasing order.
-// The parameter <reverse> controls whether sort
-// in increasing order(default) or decreasing order
+// The parameter <reverse> controls whether sort in increasing order(default) or decreasing order.
 func (a *IntArray) Sort(reverse ...bool) *IntArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
@@ -156,56 +164,68 @@ func (a *IntArray) SortFunc(less func(v1, v2 int) bool) *IntArray {
 }
 
 // InsertBefore inserts the <value> to the front of <index>.
-func (a *IntArray) InsertBefore(index int, value int) *IntArray {
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	rear := append([]int{}, a.array[index:]...)
-	a.array = append(a.array[0:index], value)
-	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
-	return a
-}
-
-// InsertAfter inserts the <value> to the back of <index>.
-func (a *IntArray) InsertAfter(index int, value int) *IntArray {
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	rear := append([]int{}, a.array[index+1:]...)
-	a.array = append(a.array[0:index+1], value)
-	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
-	return a
-}
-
-// Remove removes an item by index.
-func (a *IntArray) Remove(index int) int {
+func (a *IntArray) InsertBefore(index int, value int) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
-		return 0
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
+	rear := append([]int{}, a.array[index:]...)
+	a.array = append(a.array[0:index], value)
+	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// InsertAfter inserts the <value> to the back of <index>.
+func (a *IntArray) InsertAfter(index int, value int) error {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
+	rear := append([]int{}, a.array[index+1:]...)
+	a.array = append(a.array[0:index+1], value)
+	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Remove removes an item by index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *IntArray) Remove(index int) (value int, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(index)
+}
+
+// doRemoveWithoutLock removes an item by index without lock.
+func (a *IntArray) doRemoveWithoutLock(index int) (value int, found bool) {
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return 0, false
 	}
 	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency.
 	if index == 0 {
 		value := a.array[0]
 		a.array = a.array[1:]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	} else if index == len(a.array)-1 {
 		value := a.array[index]
 		a.array = a.array[:index]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	}
 	// If it is a non-boundary delete,
 	// it will involve the creation of an array,
 	// then the deletion is less efficient.
-	value := a.array[index]
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // RemoveValue removes an item by value.
 // It returns true if value is found in the array, or else false if not found.
 func (a *IntArray) RemoveValue(value int) bool {
 	if i := a.Search(value); i != -1 {
-		a.Remove(i)
-		return true
+		_, found := a.Remove(i)
+		return found
 	}
 	return false
 }
@@ -228,52 +248,72 @@ func (a *IntArray) PushRight(value ...int) *IntArray {
 }
 
 // PopLeft pops and returns an item from the beginning of array.
-func (a *IntArray) PopLeft() int {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *IntArray) PopLeft() (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	value := a.array[0]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[0]
 	a.array = a.array[1:]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRight pops and returns an item from the end of array.
-func (a *IntArray) PopRight() int {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *IntArray) PopRight() (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	index := len(a.array) - 1
-	value := a.array[index]
+	if index < 0 {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRand randomly pops and return an item out of array.
-func (a *IntArray) PopRand() int {
-	return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *IntArray) PopRand() (value int, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }
 
 // PopRands randomly pops and returns <size> items out of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *IntArray) PopRands(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
 		size = len(a.array)
 	}
 	array := make([]int, size)
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
-		index := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
-		array[i] = a.array[index]
-		a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
+		array[i], _ = a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 	}
 	return array
 }
 
 // PopLefts pops and returns <size> items from the beginning of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *IntArray) PopLefts(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	length := len(a.array)
-	if size > length {
-		size = length
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[0:size]
 	a.array = a.array[size:]
@@ -281,12 +321,19 @@ func (a *IntArray) PopLefts(size int) []int {
 }
 
 // PopRights pops and returns <size> items from the end of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *IntArray) PopRights(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	index := len(a.array) - size
-	if index < 0 {
-		index = 0
+	if index <= 0 {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[index:]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
@@ -422,7 +469,7 @@ func (a *IntArray) Clone() (newArray *IntArray) {
 	array := make([]int, len(a.array))
 	copy(array, a.array)
 	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return NewIntArrayFrom(array, !a.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewIntArrayFrom(array, a.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Clear deletes all items of current array.
@@ -444,6 +491,10 @@ func (a *IntArray) Contains(value int) bool {
 // or returns -1 if not exists.
 func (a *IntArray) Search(value int) int {
 	a.mu.RLock()
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return -1
+	}
 	result := -1
 	for index, v := range a.array {
 		if v == value {
@@ -451,17 +502,19 @@ func (a *IntArray) Search(value int) int {
 			break
 		}
 	}
-	a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return result
 }
 
 // Unique uniques the array, clear repeated items.
+// Example: [1,1,2,3,2] -> [1,2,3]
 func (a *IntArray) Unique() *IntArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	for i := 0; i < len(a.array)-1; i++ {
-		for j := i + 1; j < len(a.array); j++ {
+		for j := i + 1; j < len(a.array); {
 			if a.array[i] == a.array[j] {
 				a.array = append(a.array[:j], a.array[j+1:]...)
+			} else {
+				j++
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -490,32 +543,16 @@ func (a *IntArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []int)) *IntArray {
 // The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
 // but Merge supports more parameter types.
 func (a *IntArray) Merge(array interface{}) *IntArray {
-	switch v := array.(type) {
-	case *Array:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *IntArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *StrArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedIntArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedStrArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	default:
-		a.Append(gconv.Ints(array)...)
-	}
-	return a
+	return a.Append(gconv.Ints(array)...)
 }
 
 // Fill fills an array with num entries of the value <value>,
 // keys starting at the <startIndex> parameter.
-func (a *IntArray) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value int) *IntArray {
+func (a *IntArray) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value int) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if startIndex < 0 {
-		startIndex = 0
+	if startIndex < 0 || startIndex > len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", startIndex, len(a.array)))
 	}
 	for i := startIndex; i < startIndex+num; i++ {
 		if i > len(a.array)-1 {
@@ -524,7 +561,7 @@ func (a *IntArray) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value int) *IntArray {
 			a.array[i] = value
 		}
 	}
-	return a
+	return nil
 }
 
 // Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
@@ -578,27 +615,27 @@ func (a *IntArray) Pad(size int, value int) *IntArray {
 }
 
 // Rand randomly returns one item from array(no deleting).
-func (a *IntArray) Rand() int {
+func (a *IntArray) Rand() (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))], true
 }
 
 // Rands randomly returns <size> items from array(no deleting).
 func (a *IntArray) Rands(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
-		size = len(a.array)
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
 	}
-	n := make([]int, size)
-	for i, v := range grand.Perm(len(a.array)) {
-		n[i] = a.array[v]
-		if i == size-1 {
-			break
-		}
+	array := make([]int, size)
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		array[i] = a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
 	}
-	return n
+	return array
 }
 
 // Shuffle randomly shuffles the array.
@@ -625,6 +662,9 @@ func (a *IntArray) Reverse() *IntArray {
 func (a *IntArray) Join(glue string) string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	for k, v := range a.array {
 		buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
@@ -651,7 +691,7 @@ func (a *IntArray) Iterator(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	a.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the array in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the array readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *IntArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -663,7 +703,7 @@ func (a *IntArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the array in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *IntArray) IteratorDesc(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -681,7 +721,8 @@ func (a *IntArray) String() string {
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
-func (a *IntArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+// Note that do not use pointer as its receiver here.
+func (a IntArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return json.Marshal(a.array)
@@ -689,8 +730,7 @@ func (a *IntArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (a *IntArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	if a.array == nil {
 		a.array = make([]int, 0)
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -703,9 +743,6 @@ func (a *IntArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for array.
 func (a *IntArray) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
-	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	switch value.(type) {
@@ -730,3 +767,18 @@ func (a *IntArray) FilterEmpty() *IntArray {
 	}
 	return a
 }
+
+// Walk applies a user supplied function <f> to every item of array.
+func (a *IntArray) Walk(f func(value int) int) *IntArray {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	for i, v := range a.array {
+		a.array[i] = f(v)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks whether the array is empty.
+func (a *IntArray) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return a.Len() == 0
+}

container/garray/garray_normal_str.go

@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ package garray
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/text/gstr"
 	"math"
 	"sort"
@@ -19,8 +21,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/grand"
 )
 
+// StrArray is a golang string array with rich features.
+// It contains a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch, which should be set
+// when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 type StrArray struct {
-	mu    *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu    rwmutex.RWMutex
 	array []string
 }
 
@@ -36,7 +41,7 @@ func NewStrArray(safe ...bool) *StrArray {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewStrArraySize(size int, cap int, safe ...bool) *StrArray {
 	return &StrArray{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: make([]string, size, cap),
 	}
 }
@@ -46,7 +51,7 @@ func NewStrArraySize(size int, cap int, safe ...bool) *StrArray {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewStrArrayFrom(array []string, safe ...bool) *StrArray {
 	return &StrArray{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: array,
 	}
 }
@@ -58,26 +63,31 @@ func NewStrArrayFromCopy(array []string, safe ...bool) *StrArray {
 	newArray := make([]string, len(array))
 	copy(newArray, array)
 	return &StrArray{
-		mu:    rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:    rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array: newArray,
 	}
 }
 
-// Get returns the value of the specified index,
-// the caller should notice the boundary of the array.
-func (a *StrArray) Get(index int) string {
+// Get returns the value by the specified index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *StrArray) Get(index int) (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	value := a.array[index]
-	return value
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return a.array[index], true
 }
 
 // Set sets value to specified index.
-func (a *StrArray) Set(index int, value string) *StrArray {
+func (a *StrArray) Set(index int, value string) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
 	a.array[index] = value
-	return a
+	return nil
 }
 
 // SetArray sets the underlying slice array with the given <array>.
@@ -142,56 +152,68 @@ func (a *StrArray) SortFunc(less func(v1, v2 string) bool) *StrArray {
 }
 
 // InsertBefore inserts the <value> to the front of <index>.
-func (a *StrArray) InsertBefore(index int, value string) *StrArray {
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	rear := append([]string{}, a.array[index:]...)
-	a.array = append(a.array[0:index], value)
-	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
-	return a
-}
-
-// InsertAfter inserts the <value> to the back of <index>.
-func (a *StrArray) InsertAfter(index int, value string) *StrArray {
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	rear := append([]string{}, a.array[index+1:]...)
-	a.array = append(a.array[0:index+1], value)
-	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
-	return a
-}
-
-// Remove removes an item by index.
-func (a *StrArray) Remove(index int) string {
+func (a *StrArray) InsertBefore(index int, value string) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
-		return ""
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
 	}
-	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency。
+	rear := append([]string{}, a.array[index:]...)
+	a.array = append(a.array[0:index], value)
+	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// InsertAfter inserts the <value> to the back of <index>.
+func (a *StrArray) InsertAfter(index int, value string) error {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", index, len(a.array)))
+	}
+	rear := append([]string{}, a.array[index+1:]...)
+	a.array = append(a.array[0:index+1], value)
+	a.array = append(a.array, rear...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Remove removes an item by index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *StrArray) Remove(index int) (value string, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(index)
+}
+
+// doRemoveWithoutLock removes an item by index without lock.
+func (a *StrArray) doRemoveWithoutLock(index int) (value string, found bool) {
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency.
 	if index == 0 {
 		value := a.array[0]
 		a.array = a.array[1:]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	} else if index == len(a.array)-1 {
 		value := a.array[index]
 		a.array = a.array[:index]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	}
 	// If it is a non-boundary delete,
 	// it will involve the creation of an array,
 	// then the deletion is less efficient.
-	value := a.array[index]
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // RemoveValue removes an item by value.
 // It returns true if value is found in the array, or else false if not found.
 func (a *StrArray) RemoveValue(value string) bool {
 	if i := a.Search(value); i != -1 {
-		a.Remove(i)
-		return true
+		_, found := a.Remove(i)
+		return found
 	}
 	return false
 }
@@ -214,52 +236,72 @@ func (a *StrArray) PushRight(value ...string) *StrArray {
 }
 
 // PopLeft pops and returns an item from the beginning of array.
-func (a *StrArray) PopLeft() string {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *StrArray) PopLeft() (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	value := a.array[0]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	value = a.array[0]
 	a.array = a.array[1:]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRight pops and returns an item from the end of array.
-func (a *StrArray) PopRight() string {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *StrArray) PopRight() (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	index := len(a.array) - 1
-	value := a.array[index]
+	if index < 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRand randomly pops and return an item out of array.
-func (a *StrArray) PopRand() string {
-	return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *StrArray) PopRand() (value string, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }
 
 // PopRands randomly pops and returns <size> items out of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *StrArray) PopRands(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
 		size = len(a.array)
 	}
 	array := make([]string, size)
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
-		index := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
-		array[i] = a.array[index]
-		a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
+		array[i], _ = a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 	}
 	return array
 }
 
 // PopLefts pops and returns <size> items from the beginning of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *StrArray) PopLefts(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	length := len(a.array)
-	if size > length {
-		size = length
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[0:size]
 	a.array = a.array[size:]
@@ -267,12 +309,19 @@ func (a *StrArray) PopLefts(size int) []string {
 }
 
 // PopRights pops and returns <size> items from the end of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *StrArray) PopRights(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	index := len(a.array) - size
-	if index < 0 {
-		index = 0
+	if index <= 0 {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[index:]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
@@ -408,7 +457,7 @@ func (a *StrArray) Clone() (newArray *StrArray) {
 	array := make([]string, len(a.array))
 	copy(array, a.array)
 	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return NewStrArrayFrom(array, !a.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewStrArrayFrom(array, a.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Clear deletes all items of current array.
@@ -426,13 +475,30 @@ func (a *StrArray) Contains(value string) bool {
 	return a.Search(value) != -1
 }
 
+// ContainsI checks whether a value exists in the array with case-insensitively.
+// Note that it internally iterates the whole array to do the comparison with case-insensitively.
+func (a *StrArray) ContainsI(value string) bool {
+	a.mu.RLock()
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, v := range a.array {
+		if strings.EqualFold(v, value) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // Search searches array by <value>, returns the index of <value>,
 // or returns -1 if not exists.
 func (a *StrArray) Search(value string) int {
+	a.mu.RLock()
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	if len(a.array) == 0 {
 		return -1
 	}
-	a.mu.RLock()
 	result := -1
 	for index, v := range a.array {
 		if strings.Compare(v, value) == 0 {
@@ -440,17 +506,19 @@ func (a *StrArray) Search(value string) int {
 			break
 		}
 	}
-	a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return result
 }
 
 // Unique uniques the array, clear repeated items.
+// Example: [1,1,2,3,2] -> [1,2,3]
 func (a *StrArray) Unique() *StrArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	for i := 0; i < len(a.array)-1; i++ {
-		for j := i + 1; j < len(a.array); j++ {
+		for j := i + 1; j < len(a.array); {
 			if a.array[i] == a.array[j] {
 				a.array = append(a.array[:j], a.array[j+1:]...)
+			} else {
+				j++
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -479,32 +547,16 @@ func (a *StrArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []string)) *StrArray {
 // The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
 // but Merge supports more parameter types.
 func (a *StrArray) Merge(array interface{}) *StrArray {
-	switch v := array.(type) {
-	case *Array:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *IntArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *StrArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedIntArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedStrArray:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	default:
-		a.Append(gconv.Strings(array)...)
-	}
-	return a
+	return a.Append(gconv.Strings(array)...)
 }
 
 // Fill fills an array with num entries of the value <value>,
 // keys starting at the <startIndex> parameter.
-func (a *StrArray) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value string) *StrArray {
+func (a *StrArray) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value string) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if startIndex < 0 {
-		startIndex = 0
+	if startIndex < 0 || startIndex > len(a.array) {
+		return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("index %d out of array range %d", startIndex, len(a.array)))
 	}
 	for i := startIndex; i < startIndex+num; i++ {
 		if i > len(a.array)-1 {
@@ -513,7 +565,7 @@ func (a *StrArray) Fill(startIndex int, num int, value string) *StrArray {
 			a.array[i] = value
 		}
 	}
-	return a
+	return nil
 }
 
 // Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
@@ -567,27 +619,27 @@ func (a *StrArray) Pad(size int, value string) *StrArray {
 }
 
 // Rand randomly returns one item from array(no deleting).
-func (a *StrArray) Rand() string {
+func (a *StrArray) Rand() (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))], true
 }
 
 // Rands randomly returns <size> items from array(no deleting).
 func (a *StrArray) Rands(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
-		size = len(a.array)
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
 	}
-	n := make([]string, size)
-	for i, v := range grand.Perm(len(a.array)) {
-		n[i] = a.array[v]
-		if i == size-1 {
-			break
-		}
+	array := make([]string, size)
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		array[i] = a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
 	}
-	return n
+	return array
 }
 
 // Shuffle randomly shuffles the array.
@@ -614,6 +666,9 @@ func (a *StrArray) Reverse() *StrArray {
 func (a *StrArray) Join(glue string) string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	for k, v := range a.array {
 		buffer.WriteString(v)
@@ -640,7 +695,7 @@ func (a *StrArray) Iterator(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	a.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the array in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the array readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *StrArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -652,7 +707,7 @@ func (a *StrArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the array in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *StrArray) IteratorDesc(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -681,7 +736,8 @@ func (a *StrArray) String() string {
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
-func (a *StrArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+// Note that do not use pointer as its receiver here.
+func (a StrArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return json.Marshal(a.array)
@@ -689,8 +745,7 @@ func (a *StrArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (a *StrArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	if a.array == nil {
 		a.array = make([]string, 0)
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -703,9 +758,6 @@ func (a *StrArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for array.
 func (a *StrArray) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
-	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	switch value.(type) {
@@ -730,3 +782,18 @@ func (a *StrArray) FilterEmpty() *StrArray {
 	}
 	return a
 }
+
+// Walk applies a user supplied function <f> to every item of array.
+func (a *StrArray) Walk(f func(value string) string) *StrArray {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	for i, v := range a.array {
+		a.array[i] = f(v)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks whether the array is empty.
+func (a *StrArray) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return a.Len() == 0
+}

container/garray/garray_sorted_any.go

@@ -8,25 +8,28 @@ package garray
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/text/gstr"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gutil"
 	"math"
 	"sort"
 
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gtype"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/rwmutex"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/grand"
 )
 
-// It's using increasing order in default.
+// SortedArray is a golang sorted array with rich features.
+// It is using increasing order in default, which can be changed by
+// setting it a custom comparator.
+// It contains a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch, which should be set
+// when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 type SortedArray struct {
-	mu         *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu         rwmutex.RWMutex
 	array      []interface{}
-	unique     *gtype.Bool                // Whether enable unique feature(false)
+	unique     bool                       // Whether enable unique feature(false)
 	comparator func(a, b interface{}) int // Comparison function(it returns -1: a < b; 0: a == b; 1: a > b)
 }
 
@@ -45,8 +48,7 @@ func NewSortedArray(comparator func(a, b interface{}) int, safe ...bool) *Sorted
 // which is false in default.
 func NewSortedArraySize(cap int, comparator func(a, b interface{}) int, safe ...bool) *SortedArray {
 	return &SortedArray{
-		mu:         rwmutex.New(safe...),
-		unique:     gtype.NewBool(),
+		mu:         rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array:      make([]interface{}, 0, cap),
 		comparator: comparator,
 	}
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ func NewSortedArrayFrom(array []interface{}, comparator func(a, b interface{}) i
 	a := NewSortedArraySize(0, comparator, safe...)
 	a.array = array
 	sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
+		return a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
 	})
 	return a
 }
@@ -94,19 +96,19 @@ func (a *SortedArray) SetArray(array []interface{}) *SortedArray {
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	a.array = array
 	sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
+		return a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
 	})
 	return a
 }
 
 // SetComparator sets/changes the comparator for sorting.
+// It resorts the array as the comparator is changed.
 func (a *SortedArray) SetComparator(comparator func(a, b interface{}) int) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	a.comparator = comparator
-	// Resort the array if comparator is changed.
 	sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
+		return a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
 	})
 }
 
@@ -117,13 +119,19 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Sort() *SortedArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
+		return a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
 	})
 	return a
 }
 
 // Add adds one or multiple values to sorted array, the array always keeps sorted.
+// It's alias of function Append, see Append.
 func (a *SortedArray) Add(values ...interface{}) *SortedArray {
+	return a.Append(values...)
+}
+
+// Append adds one or multiple values to sorted array, the array always keeps sorted.
+func (a *SortedArray) Append(values ...interface{}) *SortedArray {
 	if len(values) == 0 {
 		return a
 	}
@@ -131,7 +139,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Add(values ...interface{}) *SortedArray {
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	for _, value := range values {
 		index, cmp := a.binSearch(value, false)
-		if a.unique.Val() && cmp == 0 {
+		if a.unique && cmp == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
 		if index < 0 {
@@ -148,38 +156,46 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Add(values ...interface{}) *SortedArray {
 	return a
 }
 
-// Get returns the value of the specified index,
-// the caller should notice the boundary of the array.
-func (a *SortedArray) Get(index int) interface{} {
+// Get returns the value by the specified index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedArray) Get(index int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	value := a.array[index]
-	return value
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return a.array[index], true
 }
 
 // Remove removes an item by index.
-func (a *SortedArray) Remove(index int) interface{} {
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedArray) Remove(index int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(index)
+}
+
+// doRemoveWithoutLock removes an item by index without lock.
+func (a *SortedArray) doRemoveWithoutLock(index int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
-		return nil
+		return nil, false
 	}
 	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency.
 	if index == 0 {
 		value := a.array[0]
 		a.array = a.array[1:]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	} else if index == len(a.array)-1 {
 		value := a.array[index]
 		a.array = a.array[:index]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	}
 	// If it is a non-boundary delete,
 	// it will involve the creation of an array,
 	// then the deletion is less efficient.
-	value := a.array[index]
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // RemoveValue removes an item by value.
@@ -193,41 +209,53 @@ func (a *SortedArray) RemoveValue(value interface{}) bool {
 }
 
 // PopLeft pops and returns an item from the beginning of array.
-func (a *SortedArray) PopLeft() interface{} {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedArray) PopLeft() (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	value := a.array[0]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[0]
 	a.array = a.array[1:]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRight pops and returns an item from the end of array.
-func (a *SortedArray) PopRight() interface{} {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedArray) PopRight() (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	index := len(a.array) - 1
-	value := a.array[index]
+	if index < 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRand randomly pops and return an item out of array.
-func (a *SortedArray) PopRand() interface{} {
-	return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedArray) PopRand() (value interface{}, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }
 
 // PopRands randomly pops and returns <size> items out of array.
 func (a *SortedArray) PopRands(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
 		size = len(a.array)
 	}
 	array := make([]interface{}, size)
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
-		index := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
-		array[i] = a.array[index]
-		a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
+		array[i], _ = a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 	}
 	return array
 }
@@ -236,9 +264,13 @@ func (a *SortedArray) PopRands(size int) []interface{} {
 func (a *SortedArray) PopLefts(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	length := len(a.array)
-	if size > length {
-		size = length
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[0:size]
 	a.array = a.array[size:]
@@ -249,9 +281,14 @@ func (a *SortedArray) PopLefts(size int) []interface{} {
 func (a *SortedArray) PopRights(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	index := len(a.array) - size
-	if index < 0 {
-		index = 0
+	if index <= 0 {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[index:]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
@@ -360,7 +397,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Len() int {
 // Note that, if it's in concurrent-safe usage, it returns a copy of underlying data,
 // or else a pointer to the underlying data.
 func (a *SortedArray) Slice() []interface{} {
-	array := ([]interface{})(nil)
+	var array []interface{}
 	if a.mu.IsSafe() {
 		a.mu.RLock()
 		defer a.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -397,20 +434,20 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Search(value interface{}) (index int) {
 // If <result> lesser than 0, it means the value at <index> is lesser than <value>.
 // If <result> greater than 0, it means the value at <index> is greater than <value>.
 func (a *SortedArray) binSearch(value interface{}, lock bool) (index int, result int) {
-	if len(a.array) == 0 {
-		return -1, -2
-	}
 	if lock {
 		a.mu.RLock()
 		defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	}
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return -1, -2
+	}
 	min := 0
 	max := len(a.array) - 1
 	mid := 0
 	cmp := -2
 	for min <= max {
-		mid = int((min + max) / 2)
-		cmp = a.comparator(value, a.array[mid])
+		mid = min + int((max-min)/2)
+		cmp = a.getComparator()(value, a.array[mid])
 		switch {
 		case cmp < 0:
 			max = mid - 1
@@ -427,8 +464,8 @@ func (a *SortedArray) binSearch(value interface{}, lock bool) (index int, result
 // which means it does not contain any repeated items.
 // It also do unique check, remove all repeated items.
 func (a *SortedArray) SetUnique(unique bool) *SortedArray {
-	oldUnique := a.unique.Val()
-	a.unique.Set(unique)
+	oldUnique := a.unique
+	a.unique = unique
 	if unique && oldUnique != unique {
 		a.Unique()
 	}
@@ -447,7 +484,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Unique() *SortedArray {
 		if i == len(a.array)-1 {
 			break
 		}
-		if a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[i+1]) == 0 {
+		if a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[i+1]) == 0 {
 			a.array = append(a.array[:i+1], a.array[i+1+1:]...)
 		} else {
 			i++
@@ -462,7 +499,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Clone() (newArray *SortedArray) {
 	array := make([]interface{}, len(a.array))
 	copy(array, a.array)
 	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return NewSortedArrayFrom(array, a.comparator, !a.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewSortedArrayFrom(array, a.comparator, a.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Clear deletes all items of current array.
@@ -479,6 +516,12 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Clear() *SortedArray {
 func (a *SortedArray) LockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *SortedArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Keep the array always sorted.
+	defer sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
+	})
+
 	f(a.array)
 	return a
 }
@@ -496,23 +539,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *SortedArray {
 // The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
 // but Merge supports more parameter types.
 func (a *SortedArray) Merge(array interface{}) *SortedArray {
-	switch v := array.(type) {
-	case *Array:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *IntArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *StrArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedIntArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedStrArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
-	default:
-		a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(array)...)
-	}
-	return a
+	return a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(array)...)
 }
 
 // Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
@@ -539,33 +566,36 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Chunk(size int) [][]interface{} {
 }
 
 // Rand randomly returns one item from array(no deleting).
-func (a *SortedArray) Rand() interface{} {
+func (a *SortedArray) Rand() (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))], true
 }
 
 // Rands randomly returns <size> items from array(no deleting).
 func (a *SortedArray) Rands(size int) []interface{} {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
-		size = len(a.array)
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
 	}
-	n := make([]interface{}, size)
-	for i, v := range grand.Perm(len(a.array)) {
-		n[i] = a.array[v]
-		if i == size-1 {
-			break
-		}
+	array := make([]interface{}, size)
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		array[i] = a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
 	}
-	return n
+	return array
 }
 
 // Join joins array elements with a string <glue>.
 func (a *SortedArray) Join(glue string) string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	for k, v := range a.array {
 		buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
@@ -592,7 +622,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Iterator(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	a.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the array in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the array readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *SortedArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -604,7 +634,7 @@ func (a *SortedArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the array in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *SortedArray) IteratorDesc(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -639,19 +669,18 @@ func (a *SortedArray) String() string {
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
-func (a *SortedArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+// Note that do not use pointer as its receiver here.
+func (a SortedArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return json.Marshal(a.array)
 }
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
+// Note that the comparator is set as string comparator in default.
 func (a *SortedArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	if a.comparator == nil {
 		a.array = make([]interface{}, 0)
-		a.unique = gtype.NewBool()
-		// Note that the comparator is string comparator in default.
 		a.comparator = gutil.ComparatorString
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -668,11 +697,9 @@ func (a *SortedArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 }
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for array.
+// Note that the comparator is set as string comparator in default.
 func (a *SortedArray) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		a.unique = gtype.NewBool()
-		// Note that the comparator is string comparator in default.
+	if a.comparator == nil {
 		a.comparator = gutil.ComparatorString
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -733,3 +760,31 @@ func (a *SortedArray) FilterEmpty() *SortedArray {
 	}
 	return a
 }
+
+// Walk applies a user supplied function <f> to every item of array.
+func (a *SortedArray) Walk(f func(value interface{}) interface{}) *SortedArray {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	// Keep the array always sorted.
+	defer sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
+	})
+	for i, v := range a.array {
+		a.array[i] = f(v)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks whether the array is empty.
+func (a *SortedArray) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return a.Len() == 0
+}
+
+// getComparator returns the comparator if it's previously set,
+// or else it panics.
+func (a *SortedArray) getComparator() func(a, b interface{}) int {
+	if a.comparator == nil {
+		panic("comparator is missing for sorted array")
+	}
+	return a.comparator
+}

container/garray/garray_sorted_int.go

@@ -8,22 +8,25 @@ package garray
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"math"
 	"sort"
 
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gtype"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/rwmutex"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/grand"
 )
 
-// It's using increasing order in default.
+// SortedIntArray is a golang sorted int array with rich features.
+// It is using increasing order in default, which can be changed by
+// setting it a custom comparator.
+// It contains a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch, which should be set
+// when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 type SortedIntArray struct {
-	mu         *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu         rwmutex.RWMutex
 	array      []int
-	unique     *gtype.Bool        // Whether enable unique feature(false)
+	unique     bool               // Whether enable unique feature(false)
 	comparator func(a, b int) int // Comparison function(it returns -1: a < b; 0: a == b; 1: a > b)
 }
 
@@ -47,9 +50,8 @@ func NewSortedIntArrayComparator(comparator func(a, b int) int, safe ...bool) *S
 // which is false in default.
 func NewSortedIntArraySize(cap int, safe ...bool) *SortedIntArray {
 	return &SortedIntArray{
-		mu:         rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:         rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array:      make([]int, 0, cap),
-		unique:     gtype.NewBool(),
 		comparator: defaultComparatorInt,
 	}
 }
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) SetArray(array []int) *SortedIntArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	a.array = array
-	sort.Ints(a.array)
+	quickSortInt(a.array, a.getComparator())
 	return a
 }
 
@@ -103,12 +105,18 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) SetArray(array []int) *SortedIntArray {
 func (a *SortedIntArray) Sort() *SortedIntArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	sort.Ints(a.array)
+	quickSortInt(a.array, a.getComparator())
 	return a
 }
 
 // Add adds one or multiple values to sorted array, the array always keeps sorted.
+// It's alias of function Append, see Append.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) Add(values ...int) *SortedIntArray {
+	return a.Append(values...)
+}
+
+// Append adds one or multiple values to sorted array, the array always keeps sorted.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Append(values ...int) *SortedIntArray {
 	if len(values) == 0 {
 		return a
 	}
@@ -116,7 +124,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Add(values ...int) *SortedIntArray {
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	for _, value := range values {
 		index, cmp := a.binSearch(value, false)
-		if a.unique.Val() && cmp == 0 {
+		if a.unique && cmp == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
 		if index < 0 {
@@ -133,97 +141,125 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Add(values ...int) *SortedIntArray {
 	return a
 }
 
-// Get returns the value of the specified index,
-// the caller should notice the boundary of the array.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) Get(index int) int {
+// Get returns the value by the specified index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Get(index int) (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	value := a.array[index]
-	return value
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	return a.array[index], true
 }
 
 // Remove removes an item by index.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) Remove(index int) int {
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Remove(index int) (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(index)
+}
+
+// doRemoveWithoutLock removes an item by index without lock.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) doRemoveWithoutLock(index int) (value int, found bool) {
 	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
-		return 0
+		return 0, false
 	}
 	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency.
 	if index == 0 {
 		value := a.array[0]
 		a.array = a.array[1:]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	} else if index == len(a.array)-1 {
 		value := a.array[index]
 		a.array = a.array[:index]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	}
 	// If it is a non-boundary delete,
 	// it will involve the creation of an array,
 	// then the deletion is less efficient.
-	value := a.array[index]
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // RemoveValue removes an item by value.
 // It returns true if value is found in the array, or else false if not found.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) RemoveValue(value int) bool {
 	if i := a.Search(value); i != -1 {
-		a.Remove(i)
-		return true
+		_, found := a.Remove(i)
+		return found
 	}
 	return false
 }
 
 // PopLeft pops and returns an item from the beginning of array.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) PopLeft() int {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) PopLeft() (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	value := a.array[0]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[0]
 	a.array = a.array[1:]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRight pops and returns an item from the end of array.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRight() int {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRight() (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	index := len(a.array) - 1
-	value := a.array[index]
+	if index < 0 {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRand randomly pops and return an item out of array.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRand() int {
-	return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRand() (value int, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }
 
 // PopRands randomly pops and returns <size> items out of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRands(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
 		size = len(a.array)
 	}
 	array := make([]int, size)
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
-		index := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
-		array[i] = a.array[index]
-		a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
+		array[i], _ = a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 	}
 	return array
 }
 
 // PopLefts pops and returns <size> items from the beginning of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) PopLefts(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	length := len(a.array)
-	if size > length {
-		size = length
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[0:size]
 	a.array = a.array[size:]
@@ -231,12 +267,19 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) PopLefts(size int) []int {
 }
 
 // PopRights pops and returns <size> items from the end of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRights(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	index := len(a.array) - size
-	if index < 0 {
-		index = 0
+	if index <= 0 {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[index:]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
@@ -388,20 +431,20 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Search(value int) (index int) {
 // If <result> lesser than 0, it means the value at <index> is lesser than <value>.
 // If <result> greater than 0, it means the value at <index> is greater than <value>.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) binSearch(value int, lock bool) (index int, result int) {
-	if len(a.array) == 0 {
-		return -1, -2
-	}
 	if lock {
 		a.mu.RLock()
 		defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	}
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return -1, -2
+	}
 	min := 0
 	max := len(a.array) - 1
 	mid := 0
 	cmp := -2
 	for min <= max {
-		mid = int((min + max) / 2)
-		cmp = a.comparator(value, a.array[mid])
+		mid = min + int((max-min)/2)
+		cmp = a.getComparator()(value, a.array[mid])
 		switch {
 		case cmp < 0:
 			max = mid - 1
@@ -418,8 +461,8 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) binSearch(value int, lock bool) (index int, result int)
 // which means it does not contain any repeated items.
 // It also do unique check, remove all repeated items.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) SetUnique(unique bool) *SortedIntArray {
-	oldUnique := a.unique.Val()
-	a.unique.Set(unique)
+	oldUnique := a.unique
+	a.unique = unique
 	if unique && oldUnique != unique {
 		a.Unique()
 	}
@@ -438,7 +481,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Unique() *SortedIntArray {
 		if i == len(a.array)-1 {
 			break
 		}
-		if a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[i+1]) == 0 {
+		if a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[i+1]) == 0 {
 			a.array = append(a.array[:i+1], a.array[i+1+1:]...)
 		} else {
 			i++
@@ -453,7 +496,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Clone() (newArray *SortedIntArray) {
 	array := make([]int, len(a.array))
 	copy(array, a.array)
 	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return NewSortedIntArrayFrom(array, !a.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewSortedIntArrayFrom(array, a.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Clear deletes all items of current array.
@@ -487,23 +530,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []int)) *SortedIntArray {
 // The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
 // but Merge supports more parameter types.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) Merge(array interface{}) *SortedIntArray {
-	switch v := array.(type) {
-	case *Array:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *IntArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *StrArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedIntArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedStrArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
-	default:
-		a.Add(gconv.Ints(array)...)
-	}
-	return a
+	return a.Add(gconv.Ints(array)...)
 }
 
 // Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
@@ -530,33 +557,36 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Chunk(size int) [][]int {
 }
 
 // Rand randomly returns one item from array(no deleting).
-func (a *SortedIntArray) Rand() int {
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Rand() (value int, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))], true
 }
 
 // Rands randomly returns <size> items from array(no deleting).
 func (a *SortedIntArray) Rands(size int) []int {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
-		size = len(a.array)
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
 	}
-	n := make([]int, size)
-	for i, v := range grand.Perm(len(a.array)) {
-		n[i] = a.array[v]
-		if i == size-1 {
-			break
-		}
+	array := make([]int, size)
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		array[i] = a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
 	}
-	return n
+	return array
 }
 
 // Join joins array elements with a string <glue>.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) Join(glue string) string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	for k, v := range a.array {
 		buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
@@ -583,7 +613,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Iterator(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	a.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the array in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the array readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -595,7 +625,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the array in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) IteratorDesc(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -613,7 +643,8 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) String() string {
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+// Note that do not use pointer as its receiver here.
+func (a SortedIntArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return json.Marshal(a.array)
@@ -621,10 +652,8 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	if a.comparator == nil {
 		a.array = make([]int, 0)
-		a.unique = gtype.NewBool()
 		a.comparator = defaultComparatorInt
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -640,10 +669,7 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for array.
 func (a *SortedIntArray) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		a.unique = gtype.NewBool()
-		// Note that the comparator is string comparator in default.
+	if a.comparator == nil {
 		a.comparator = defaultComparatorInt
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -680,3 +706,31 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) FilterEmpty() *SortedIntArray {
 	}
 	return a
 }
+
+// Walk applies a user supplied function <f> to every item of array.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Walk(f func(value int) int) *SortedIntArray {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Keep the array always sorted.
+	defer quickSortInt(a.array, a.getComparator())
+
+	for i, v := range a.array {
+		a.array[i] = f(v)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks whether the array is empty.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return a.Len() == 0
+}
+
+// getComparator returns the comparator if it's previously set,
+// or else it returns a default comparator.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) getComparator() func(a, b int) int {
+	if a.comparator == nil {
+		return defaultComparatorInt
+	}
+	return a.comparator
+}

container/garray/garray_sorted_str.go

@@ -8,22 +8,26 @@ package garray
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/text/gstr"
 	"math"
 	"sort"
+	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gtype"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/rwmutex"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/grand"
 )
 
-// It's using increasing order in default.
+// SortedStrArray is a golang sorted string array with rich features.
+// It is using increasing order in default, which can be changed by
+// setting it a custom comparator.
+// It contains a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch, which should be set
+// when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 type SortedStrArray struct {
-	mu         *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu         rwmutex.RWMutex
 	array      []string
-	unique     *gtype.Bool           // Whether enable unique feature(false)
+	unique     bool                  // Whether enable unique feature(false)
 	comparator func(a, b string) int // Comparison function(it returns -1: a < b; 0: a == b; 1: a > b)
 }
 
@@ -47,9 +51,8 @@ func NewSortedStrArrayComparator(comparator func(a, b string) int, safe ...bool)
 // which is false in default.
 func NewSortedStrArraySize(cap int, safe ...bool) *SortedStrArray {
 	return &SortedStrArray{
-		mu:         rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:         rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		array:      make([]string, 0, cap),
-		unique:     gtype.NewBool(),
 		comparator: defaultComparatorStr,
 	}
 }
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ func NewSortedStrArraySize(cap int, safe ...bool) *SortedStrArray {
 func NewSortedStrArrayFrom(array []string, safe ...bool) *SortedStrArray {
 	a := NewSortedStrArraySize(0, safe...)
 	a.array = array
-	quickSortStr(a.array, a.comparator)
+	quickSortStr(a.array, a.getComparator())
 	return a
 }
 
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) SetArray(array []string) *SortedStrArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	a.array = array
-	quickSortStr(a.array, a.comparator)
+	quickSortStr(a.array, a.getComparator())
 	return a
 }
 
@@ -88,12 +91,18 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) SetArray(array []string) *SortedStrArray {
 func (a *SortedStrArray) Sort() *SortedStrArray {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	quickSortStr(a.array, a.comparator)
+	quickSortStr(a.array, a.getComparator())
 	return a
 }
 
 // Add adds one or multiple values to sorted array, the array always keeps sorted.
+// It's alias of function Append, see Append.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) Add(values ...string) *SortedStrArray {
+	return a.Append(values...)
+}
+
+// Append adds one or multiple values to sorted array, the array always keeps sorted.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) Append(values ...string) *SortedStrArray {
 	if len(values) == 0 {
 		return a
 	}
@@ -101,7 +110,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Add(values ...string) *SortedStrArray {
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	for _, value := range values {
 		index, cmp := a.binSearch(value, false)
-		if a.unique.Val() && cmp == 0 {
+		if a.unique && cmp == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
 		if index < 0 {
@@ -118,38 +127,46 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Add(values ...string) *SortedStrArray {
 	return a
 }
 
-// Get returns the value of the specified index,
-// the caller should notice the boundary of the array.
-func (a *SortedStrArray) Get(index int) string {
+// Get returns the value by the specified index.
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) Get(index int) (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	value := a.array[index]
-	return value
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return a.array[index], true
 }
 
 // Remove removes an item by index.
-func (a *SortedStrArray) Remove(index int) string {
+// If the given <index> is out of range of the array, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) Remove(index int) (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(index)
+}
+
+// doRemoveWithoutLock removes an item by index without lock.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) doRemoveWithoutLock(index int) (value string, found bool) {
 	if index < 0 || index >= len(a.array) {
-		return ""
+		return "", false
 	}
 	// Determine array boundaries when deleting to improve deletion efficiency.
 	if index == 0 {
 		value := a.array[0]
 		a.array = a.array[1:]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	} else if index == len(a.array)-1 {
 		value := a.array[index]
 		a.array = a.array[:index]
-		return value
+		return value, true
 	}
 	// If it is a non-boundary delete,
 	// it will involve the creation of an array,
 	// then the deletion is less efficient.
-	value := a.array[index]
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // RemoveValue removes an item by value.
@@ -163,52 +180,72 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) RemoveValue(value string) bool {
 }
 
 // PopLeft pops and returns an item from the beginning of array.
-func (a *SortedStrArray) PopLeft() string {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) PopLeft() (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	value := a.array[0]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	value = a.array[0]
 	a.array = a.array[1:]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRight pops and returns an item from the end of array.
-func (a *SortedStrArray) PopRight() string {
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) PopRight() (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	index := len(a.array) - 1
-	value := a.array[index]
+	if index < 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	value = a.array[index]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
-	return value
+	return value, true
 }
 
 // PopRand randomly pops and return an item out of array.
-func (a *SortedStrArray) PopRand() string {
-	return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
+// Note that if the array is empty, the <found> is false.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) PopRand() (value string, found bool) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	return a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }
 
 // PopRands randomly pops and returns <size> items out of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) PopRands(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
 		size = len(a.array)
 	}
 	array := make([]string, size)
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
-		index := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
-		array[i] = a.array[index]
-		a.array = append(a.array[:index], a.array[index+1:]...)
+		array[i], _ = a.doRemoveWithoutLock(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 	}
 	return array
 }
 
 // PopLefts pops and returns <size> items from the beginning of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) PopLefts(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
-	length := len(a.array)
-	if size > length {
-		size = length
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if size >= len(a.array) {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[0:size]
 	a.array = a.array[size:]
@@ -216,12 +253,19 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) PopLefts(size int) []string {
 }
 
 // PopRights pops and returns <size> items from the end of array.
+// If the given <size> is greater than size of the array, it returns all elements of the array.
+// Note that if given <size> <= 0 or the array is empty, it returns nil.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) PopRights(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	index := len(a.array) - size
-	if index < 0 {
-		index = 0
+	if index <= 0 {
+		array := a.array
+		a.array = a.array[:0]
+		return array
 	}
 	value := a.array[index:]
 	a.array = a.array[:index]
@@ -358,6 +402,22 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Contains(value string) bool {
 	return a.Search(value) != -1
 }
 
+// ContainsI checks whether a value exists in the array with case-insensitively.
+// Note that it internally iterates the whole array to do the comparison with case-insensitively.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) ContainsI(value string) bool {
+	a.mu.RLock()
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, v := range a.array {
+		if strings.EqualFold(v, value) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // Search searches array by <value>, returns the index of <value>,
 // or returns -1 if not exists.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) Search(value string) (index int) {
@@ -373,20 +433,20 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Search(value string) (index int) {
 // If <result> lesser than 0, it means the value at <index> is lesser than <value>.
 // If <result> greater than 0, it means the value at <index> is greater than <value>.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) binSearch(value string, lock bool) (index int, result int) {
-	if len(a.array) == 0 {
-		return -1, -2
-	}
 	if lock {
 		a.mu.RLock()
 		defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	}
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return -1, -2
+	}
 	min := 0
 	max := len(a.array) - 1
 	mid := 0
 	cmp := -2
 	for min <= max {
-		mid = int((min + max) / 2)
-		cmp = a.comparator(value, a.array[mid])
+		mid = min + int((max-min)/2)
+		cmp = a.getComparator()(value, a.array[mid])
 		switch {
 		case cmp < 0:
 			max = mid - 1
@@ -403,8 +463,8 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) binSearch(value string, lock bool) (index int, result i
 // which means it does not contain any repeated items.
 // It also do unique check, remove all repeated items.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) SetUnique(unique bool) *SortedStrArray {
-	oldUnique := a.unique.Val()
-	a.unique.Set(unique)
+	oldUnique := a.unique
+	a.unique = unique
 	if unique && oldUnique != unique {
 		a.Unique()
 	}
@@ -423,7 +483,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Unique() *SortedStrArray {
 		if i == len(a.array)-1 {
 			break
 		}
-		if a.comparator(a.array[i], a.array[i+1]) == 0 {
+		if a.getComparator()(a.array[i], a.array[i+1]) == 0 {
 			a.array = append(a.array[:i+1], a.array[i+1+1:]...)
 		} else {
 			i++
@@ -438,7 +498,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Clone() (newArray *SortedStrArray) {
 	array := make([]string, len(a.array))
 	copy(array, a.array)
 	a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return NewSortedStrArrayFrom(array, !a.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewSortedStrArrayFrom(array, a.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Clear deletes all items of current array.
@@ -472,23 +532,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []string)) *SortedStrArray {
 // The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
 // but Merge supports more parameter types.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) Merge(array interface{}) *SortedStrArray {
-	switch v := array.(type) {
-	case *Array:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *IntArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *StrArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedIntArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	case *SortedStrArray:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
-	default:
-		a.Add(gconv.Strings(array)...)
-	}
-	return a
+	return a.Add(gconv.Strings(array)...)
 }
 
 // Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
@@ -515,33 +559,36 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Chunk(size int) [][]string {
 }
 
 // Rand randomly returns one item from array(no deleting).
-func (a *SortedStrArray) Rand() string {
+func (a *SortedStrArray) Rand() (value string, found bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))], true
 }
 
 // Rands randomly returns <size> items from array(no deleting).
 func (a *SortedStrArray) Rands(size int) []string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-	if size > len(a.array) {
-		size = len(a.array)
+	if size <= 0 || len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return nil
 	}
-	n := make([]string, size)
-	for i, v := range grand.Perm(len(a.array)) {
-		n[i] = a.array[v]
-		if i == size-1 {
-			break
-		}
+	array := make([]string, size)
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		array[i] = a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
 	}
-	return n
+	return array
 }
 
 // Join joins array elements with a string <glue>.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) Join(glue string) string {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+	if len(a.array) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	for k, v := range a.array {
 		buffer.WriteString(v)
@@ -568,7 +615,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) Iterator(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	a.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the array in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the array readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -580,7 +627,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) IteratorAsc(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the array in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) IteratorDesc(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
@@ -609,7 +656,8 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) String() string {
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
-func (a *SortedStrArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+// Note that do not use pointer as its receiver here.
+func (a SortedStrArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	a.mu.RLock()
 	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	return json.Marshal(a.array)
@@ -617,10 +665,8 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	if a.comparator == nil {
 		a.array = make([]string, 0)
-		a.unique = gtype.NewBool()
 		a.comparator = defaultComparatorStr
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -636,10 +682,7 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for array.
 func (a *SortedStrArray) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if a.mu == nil {
-		a.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		a.unique = gtype.NewBool()
-		// Note that the comparator is string comparator in default.
+	if a.comparator == nil {
 		a.comparator = defaultComparatorStr
 	}
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -676,3 +719,31 @@ func (a *SortedStrArray) FilterEmpty() *SortedStrArray {
 	}
 	return a
 }
+
+// Walk applies a user supplied function <f> to every item of array.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) Walk(f func(value string) string) *SortedStrArray {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Keep the array always sorted.
+	defer quickSortStr(a.array, a.getComparator())
+
+	for i, v := range a.array {
+		a.array[i] = f(v)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks whether the array is empty.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return a.Len() == 0
+}
+
+// getComparator returns the comparator if it's previously set,
+// or else it returns a default comparator.
+func (a *SortedStrArray) getComparator() func(a, b string) int {
+	if a.comparator == nil {
+		return defaultComparatorStr
+	}
+	return a.comparator
+}

container/garray/garray_z_example_any_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package garray_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/garray"
+)
+
+func ExampleNew() {
+	// A normal array.
+	a := garray.New()
+
+	// Adding items.
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		a.Append(i)
+	}
+
+	// Print the array length.
+	fmt.Println(a.Len())
+
+	// Print the array items.
+	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+	// Retrieve item by index.
+	fmt.Println(a.Get(6))
+
+	// Check item existence.
+	fmt.Println(a.Contains(6))
+	fmt.Println(a.Contains(100))
+
+	// Insert item before specified index.
+	a.InsertAfter(9, 11)
+	// Insert item after specified index.
+	a.InsertBefore(10, 10)
+
+	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+	// Modify item by index.
+	a.Set(0, 100)
+	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+	// Search item and return its index.
+	fmt.Println(a.Search(5))
+
+	// Remove item by index.
+	a.Remove(0)
+	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+	// Empty the array, removes all items of it.
+	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+	a.Clear()
+	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+	// Output:
+	// 10
+	// [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
+	// 6 true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+	// [100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+	// 5
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+	// []
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Iterator() {
+	array := garray.NewArrayFrom(g.Slice{"a", "b", "c"})
+	// Iterator is alias of IteratorAsc, which iterates the array readonly in ascending order
+	//  with given callback function <f>.
+	// If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
+	array.Iterator(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
+		fmt.Println(k, v)
+		return true
+	})
+	// IteratorDesc iterates the array readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+	// If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
+	array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
+		fmt.Println(k, v)
+		return true
+	})
+
+	// Output:
+	// 0 a
+	// 1 b
+	// 2 c
+	// 2 c
+	// 1 b
+	// 0 a
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Reverse() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Reverse makes array with elements in reverse order.
+	fmt.Println(array.Reverse().Slice())
+
+	// Output:
+	// [9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Shuffle() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Shuffle randomly shuffles the array.
+	fmt.Println(array.Shuffle().Slice())
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Rands() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Randomly retrieve and return 2 items from the array.
+	// It does not delete the items from array.
+	fmt.Println(array.Rands(2))
+
+	// Randomly pick and return one item from the array.
+	// It deletes the picked up item from array.
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRand())
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_PopRand() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Randomly retrieve and return 2 items from the array.
+	// It does not delete the items from array.
+	fmt.Println(array.Rands(2))
+
+	// Randomly pick and return one item from the array.
+	// It deletes the picked up item from array.
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRand())
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Join() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+	fmt.Println(array.Join(","))
+
+	// Output:
+	// a,b,c,d
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Chunk() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Chunk splits an array into multiple arrays,
+	// the size of each array is determined by <size>.
+	// The last chunk may contain less than size elements.
+	fmt.Println(array.Chunk(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// [[1 2] [3 4] [5 6] [7 8] [9]]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_PopLeft() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Any Pop* functions pick, delete and return the item from array.
+
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLeft())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLefts(2))
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRight())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRights(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// [2 3]
+	// 9 true
+	// [7 8]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_PopLefts() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Any Pop* functions pick, delete and return the item from array.
+
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLeft())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLefts(2))
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRight())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRights(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// [2 3]
+	// 9 true
+	// [7 8]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_PopRight() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Any Pop* functions pick, delete and return the item from array.
+
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLeft())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLefts(2))
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRight())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRights(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// [2 3]
+	// 9 true
+	// [7 8]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_PopRights() {
+	array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	// Any Pop* functions pick, delete and return the item from array.
+
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLeft())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopLefts(2))
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRight())
+	fmt.Println(array.PopRights(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// [2 3]
+	// 9 true
+	// [7 8]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Contains() {
+	var array garray.StrArray
+	array.Append("a")
+	fmt.Println(array.Contains("a"))
+	fmt.Println(array.Contains("A"))
+	fmt.Println(array.ContainsI("A"))
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// false
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_Merge() {
+	array1 := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2})
+	array2 := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{3, 4})
+	slice1 := g.Slice{5, 6}
+	slice2 := []int{7, 8}
+	slice3 := []string{"9", "0"}
+	fmt.Println(array1.Slice())
+	array1.Merge(array1)
+	array1.Merge(array2)
+	array1.Merge(slice1)
+	array1.Merge(slice2)
+	array1.Merge(slice3)
+	fmt.Println(array1.Slice())
+
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2]
+	// [1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0]
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_FilterEmpty() {
+	array1 := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{0, 1, 2, nil, "", g.Slice{}, "john"})
+	array2 := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{0, 1, 2, nil, "", g.Slice{}, "john"})
+	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", array1.FilterNil().Slice())
+	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", array2.FilterEmpty().Slice())
+
+	// Output:
+	// []interface {}{0, 1, 2, "", []interface {}{}, "john"}
+	// []interface {}{1, 2, "john"}
+}
+
+func ExampleArray_FilterNil() {
+	array1 := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{0, 1, 2, nil, "", g.Slice{}, "john"})
+	array2 := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{0, 1, 2, nil, "", g.Slice{}, "john"})
+	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", array1.FilterNil().Slice())
+	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", array2.FilterEmpty().Slice())
+
+	// Output:
+	// []interface {}{0, 1, 2, "", []interface {}{}, "john"}
+	// []interface {}{1, 2, "john"}
+}

container/garray/garray_z_example_str_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package garray_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/garray"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+)
+
+func ExampleStrArray_Walk() {
+	var array garray.StrArray
+	tables := g.SliceStr{"user", "user_detail"}
+	prefix := "gf_"
+	array.Append(tables...)
+	// Add prefix for given table names.
+	array.Walk(func(value string) string {
+		return prefix + value
+	})
+	fmt.Println(array.Slice())
+
+	// Output:
+	// [gf_user gf_user_detail]
+}

container/garray/garray_z_example_test.go

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
-//
-// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
-// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
-// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
-
-package garray_test
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/garray"
-)
-
-func Example_basic() {
-	// 创建普通的数组
-	a := garray.New()
-
-	// 添加数据项
-	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
-		a.Append(i)
-	}
-
-	// 获取当前数组长度
-	fmt.Println(a.Len())
-
-	// 获取当前数据项列表
-	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
-
-	// 获取指定索引项
-	fmt.Println(a.Get(6))
-
-	// 查找指定数据项是否存在
-	fmt.Println(a.Contains(6))
-	fmt.Println(a.Contains(100))
-
-	// 在指定索引前插入数据项
-	a.InsertAfter(9, 11)
-	// 在指定索引后插入数据项
-	a.InsertBefore(10, 10)
-
-	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
-
-	// 修改指定索引的数据项
-	a.Set(0, 100)
-	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
-
-	// 搜索数据项，返回搜索到的索引位置
-	fmt.Println(a.Search(5))
-
-	// 删除指定索引的数据项
-	a.Remove(0)
-	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
-
-	// 清空数组
-	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
-	a.Clear()
-	fmt.Println(a.Slice())
-
-	// Output:
-	// 10
-	// [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
-	// 6
-	// true
-	// false
-	// [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
-	// [100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
-	// 5
-	// [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
-	// [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
-	// []
-}
-
-func Example_rand() {
-	array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
-	// 随机返回两个数据项(不删除)
-	fmt.Println(array.Rands(2))
-	fmt.Println(array.PopRand())
-}
-
-func Example_pop() {
-	array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
-	fmt.Println(array.PopLeft())
-	fmt.Println(array.PopLefts(2))
-	fmt.Println(array.PopRight())
-	fmt.Println(array.PopRights(2))
-
-	// Output:
-	// 1
-	// [2 3]
-	// 9
-	// [7 8]
-}
-
-func Example_merge() {
-	array1 := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2})
-	array2 := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{3, 4})
-	slice1 := []interface{}{5, 6}
-	slice2 := []int{7, 8}
-	slice3 := []string{"9", "0"}
-	fmt.Println(array1.Slice())
-	array1.Merge(array1)
-	array1.Merge(array2)
-	array1.Merge(slice1)
-	array1.Merge(slice2)
-	array1.Merge(slice3)
-	fmt.Println(array1.Slice())
-
-	// Output:
-	// [1 2]
-	// [1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0]
-}

container/garray/garray_z_unit_all_basic_test.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 package garray_test
 
 import (
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gutil"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -17,90 +18,153 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 )
 
+func Test_Array_Var(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.Array
+		expect := []int{2, 3, 1}
+		array.Append(2, 3, 1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.IntArray
+		expect := []int{2, 3, 1}
+		array.Append(2, 3, 1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.StrArray
+		expect := []string{"b", "a"}
+		array.Append("b", "a")
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.SortedArray
+		array.SetComparator(gutil.ComparatorInt)
+		expect := []int{1, 2, 3}
+		array.Add(2, 3, 1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.SortedIntArray
+		expect := []int{1, 2, 3}
+		array.Add(2, 3, 1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.SortedStrArray
+		expect := []string{"a", "b", "c"}
+		array.Add("c", "a", "b")
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+}
+
+func Test_SortedIntArray_Var(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var array garray.SortedIntArray
+		expect := []int{1, 2, 3}
+		array.Add(2, 3, 1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
+}
+
 func Test_IntArray_Unique(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
-	array := garray.NewIntArray()
-	array.Append(1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6)
-	array.Unique()
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
+		array := garray.NewIntArray()
+		array.Append(1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6)
+		array.Unique()
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
 }
 
 func Test_SortedIntArray1(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
-	array := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
-	for i := 10; i > -1; i-- {
-		array.Add(i)
-	}
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-	gtest.Assert(array.Add().Slice(), expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
+		array := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
+		for i := 10; i > -1; i-- {
+			array.Add(i)
+		}
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Add().Slice(), expect)
+	})
 }
 
 func Test_SortedIntArray2(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
-	array := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
-	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
-		array.Add(i)
-	}
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
+		array := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
+		for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+			array.Add(i)
+		}
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
 }
 
 func Test_SortedStrArray1(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
-	array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
-	array2 := garray.NewSortedStrArray(true)
-	for i := 10; i > -1; i-- {
-		array1.Add(gconv.String(i))
-		array2.Add(gconv.String(i))
-	}
-	gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), expect)
-	gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
+		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
+		array2 := garray.NewSortedStrArray(true)
+		for i := 10; i > -1; i-- {
+			array1.Add(gconv.String(i))
+			array2.Add(gconv.String(i))
+		}
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect)
+	})
 
 }
 
 func Test_SortedStrArray2(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
-	array := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
-	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
-		array.Add(gconv.String(i))
-	}
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-	array.Add()
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
+		array := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
+		for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+			array.Add(gconv.String(i))
+		}
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+		array.Add()
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+	})
 }
 
 func Test_SortedArray1(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
-	array := garray.NewSortedArray(func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
-		return strings.Compare(gconv.String(v1), gconv.String(v2))
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
+		array := garray.NewSortedArray(func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
+			return strings.Compare(gconv.String(v1), gconv.String(v2))
+		})
+		for i := 10; i > -1; i-- {
+			array.Add(gconv.String(i))
+		}
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
 	})
-	for i := 10; i > -1; i-- {
-		array.Add(gconv.String(i))
-	}
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
 }
 
 func Test_SortedArray2(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
-	func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
-		return strings.Compare(gconv.String(v1), gconv.String(v2))
-	}
-	array := garray.NewSortedArray(func1)
-	array2 := garray.NewSortedArray(func1, true)
-	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
-		array.Add(gconv.String(i))
-		array2.Add(gconv.String(i))
-	}
-	gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-	gtest.Assert(array.Add().Slice(), expect)
-	gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []string{"0", "1", "10", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"}
+		func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
+			return strings.Compare(gconv.String(v1), gconv.String(v2))
+		}
+		array := garray.NewSortedArray(func1)
+		array2 := garray.NewSortedArray(func1, true)
+		for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+			array.Add(gconv.String(i))
+			array2.Add(gconv.String(i))
+		}
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Add().Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestNewFromCopy(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{"100", "200", "300", "400", "500", "600"}
 		array1 := garray.NewFromCopy(a1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.PopRands(2), a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.PopRands(1)), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.PopRands(9)), 3)
+		t.AssertIN(array1.PopRands(2), a1)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.PopRands(1)), 1)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.PopRands(9)), 3)
 	})
 }

container/garray/garray_z_unit_normal_any_array_test.go

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 package garray_test
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -20,41 +20,62 @@ import (
 )
 
 func Test_Array_Basic(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		array := garray.NewArrayFrom(expect)
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(expect)
 		array3 := garray.NewArrayFrom([]interface{}{})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Interfaces(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Interfaces(), expect)
 		array.Set(0, 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Get(0), 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Get(1), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Search(100), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Search(100), -1)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Contains(100), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(0), 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(-1), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(100000), nil)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Remove(3), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Remove(1), 1)
+		v, ok := array.Get(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 100)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array.Contains(100), false)
+		v, ok = array.Get(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Search(100), 0)
+		t.Assert(array3.Search(100), -1)
+		t.Assert(array.Contains(100), true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 100)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(-1)
+		t.Assert(v, nil)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(100000)
+		t.Assert(v, nil)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		v, ok = array2.Remove(3)
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array2.Remove(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Contains(100), false)
 		array.Append(4)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 4)
 		array.InsertBefore(0, 100)
 		array.InsertAfter(0, 200)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []interface{}{100, 200, 2, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []interface{}{100, 200, 2, 2, 3, 4})
 		array.InsertBefore(5, 300)
 		array.InsertAfter(6, 400)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []interface{}{100, 200, 2, 2, 3, 300, 4, 400})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Clear().Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []interface{}{100, 200, 2, 2, 3, 300, 4, 400})
+		t.Assert(array.Clear().Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		expect2 := []interface{}{3, 2, 1, 0}
 		array := garray.NewArray()
@@ -64,78 +85,168 @@ func TestArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
 		array.SortFunc(func(v1, v2 interface{}) bool {
 			return v1.(int) < v2.(int)
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect1)
 		array.SortFunc(func(v1, v2 interface{}) bool {
 			return v1.(int) > v2.(int)
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect2)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Unique(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		expect := []interface{}{1, 1, 2, 3}
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5}
 		array := garray.NewArrayFrom(expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Unique().Slice(), []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.Unique().Slice(), []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_PushAndPop(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		array := garray.NewArrayFrom(expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.PopLeft(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array.PopRight(), 3)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRand(), []interface{}{1, 2})
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRand(), []interface{}{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 		array.PushLeft(1).PushRight(2)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []interface{}{1, 2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600}
 		array := garray.NewFromCopy(a1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRands(2), []interface{}{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600})
+		t.AssertIN(array.PopRands(2), []interface{}{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestArray_PopLeft(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestArray_PopRight(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+
+		v, ok := array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestArray_PopLefts(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{3})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestArray_PopRights(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(2), g.Slice{2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{1})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_PopLeftsAndPopRights(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.New()
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, nil)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, nil)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, nil)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRands(10), nil)
+	})
+
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		value1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		value2 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(value1)
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(value2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopLefts(2), []interface{}{0, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopRights(2), []interface{}{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopRights(20), []interface{}{2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.PopLefts(20), []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), []interface{}{})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopLefts(2), []interface{}{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopRights(2), []interface{}{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopRights(20), []interface{}{2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{})
+		t.Assert(array2.PopLefts(20), []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []interface{}{})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Range(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		value1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(value1)
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(value1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(0, 1), []interface{}{0})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(1, 2), []interface{}{1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(0, 2), []interface{}{0, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(-1, 10), value1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(10, 2), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Range(1, 3), []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(0, 1), []interface{}{0})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(1, 2), []interface{}{1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(0, 2), []interface{}{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(-1, 10), value1)
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(10, 2), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Range(1, 3), []interface{}{1, 2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
 			if gconv.Int(v1) < gconv.Int(v2) {
 				return 0
@@ -147,7 +258,7 @@ func TestArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 		i2 := []interface{}{4, 5, 6, 7}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(i1)
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(i2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Merge(array2).Slice(), []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
+		t.Assert(array1.Merge(array2).Slice(), []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
 
 		//s1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		s2 := []string{"e", "f"}
@@ -159,185 +270,192 @@ func TestArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 		s6 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom([]int{1, 2, 3})
 		a1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(i1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i3).Len(), 9)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i4).Len(), 10)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i3).Len(), 9)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i4).Len(), 10)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Fill(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0}
 		a2 := []interface{}{0}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a2, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Fill(1, 2, 100).Slice(), []interface{}{0, 100, 100})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Fill(0, 2, 100).Slice(), []interface{}{100, 100})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Fill(-1, 2, 100).Slice(), []interface{}{100, 100})
+
+		t.Assert(array1.Fill(1, 2, 100), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{0, 100, 100})
+
+		t.Assert(array2.Fill(0, 2, 100), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []interface{}{100, 100})
+
+		t.AssertNE(array2.Fill(-1, 2, 100), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []interface{}{100, 100})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Chunk(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []interface{}{5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{3, 4})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []interface{}{5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{4, 5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{4, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []interface{}{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{3, 4})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []interface{}{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []interface{}{4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Pad(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []interface{}{0, 1, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(-4, 1).Slice(), []interface{}{1, 0, 1, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []interface{}{1, 0, 1, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []interface{}{0, 1, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(-4, 1).Slice(), []interface{}{1, 0, 1, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []interface{}{1, 0, 1, 1})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_SubSlice(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(0, 2), []interface{}{0, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(2, 2), []interface{}{2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5, 8), []interface{}{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(9, 1), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-2, 2), []interface{}{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-9, 2), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -2), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.SubSlice(0, 2), []interface{}{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(0, 2), []interface{}{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(2, 2), []interface{}{2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5, 8), []interface{}{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(9, 1), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-2, 2), []interface{}{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-9, 2), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -2), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.SubSlice(0, 2), []interface{}{0, 1})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 7)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)), 2)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 10)
+		t.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
 	})
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(s1)
-		i1 := a1.Rand()
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains(i1), true)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Len(), 4)
+		i1, ok := a1.Rand()
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains(i1), true)
+		t.Assert(a1.Len(), 4)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Shuffle(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Shuffle().Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Shuffle().Len(), 7)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Reverse(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Reverse().Slice(), []interface{}{6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0})
+		t.Assert(array1.Reverse().Slice(), []interface{}{6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Join(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1.2.3.4.5.6`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1.2.3.4.5.6`)
 	})
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, `"a"`, `\a`}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1."a".\a`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1."a".\a`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_String(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.String(), `[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]`)
+		t.Assert(array1.String(), `[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Replace(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		a2 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c"}
 		a3 := []interface{}{"m", "n", "p", "z", "x", "y", "d", "u"}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Replace(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 7)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Contains("b"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Contains(4), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Contains("v"), false)
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array2.Contains("b"), true)
+		t.Assert(array2.Contains(4), true)
+		t.Assert(array2.Contains("v"), false)
 		array3 := array1.Replace(a3)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Len(), 7)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Contains(4), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Contains("p"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Contains("u"), false)
+		t.Assert(array3.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array3.Contains(4), false)
+		t.Assert(array3.Contains("p"), true)
+		t.Assert(array3.Contains("u"), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_SetArray(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		a2 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c"}
 
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1 = array1.SetArray(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("b"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("5"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("b"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("5"), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Sum(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		a2 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c"}
 		a3 := []interface{}{"a", "1", "2"}
@@ -346,39 +464,39 @@ func TestArray_Sum(t *testing.T) {
 		array2 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a2)
 		array3 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a3)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Sum(), 6)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Sum(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Sum(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Sum(), 6)
+		t.Assert(array2.Sum(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array3.Sum(), 3)
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Clone()
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Sum(), 6)
-		gtest.AssertEQ(array1, array2)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array2.Sum(), 6)
+		t.AssertEQ(array1, array2)
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_CountValues(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "d"}
 		array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.CountValues()
-		gtest.Assert(len(array2), 5)
-		gtest.Assert(array2["b"], 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2["d"], 2)
+		t.Assert(len(array2), 5)
+		t.Assert(array2["b"], 1)
+		t.Assert(array2["d"], 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -404,13 +522,13 @@ func TestArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -436,32 +554,52 @@ func TestArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	// pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 		a1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(s1)
 		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
 		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
-		gtest.Assert(b1, b2)
-		gtest.Assert(err1, err2)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
 		a2 := garray.New()
 		err2 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
-		gtest.Assert(err2, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(err2, nil)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
 
 		var a3 garray.Array
 		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
 	})
+	// value.
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
+		a1 := *garray.NewArrayFrom(s1)
+		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
+		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+		a2 := garray.New()
+		err2 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
+		t.Assert(err2, nil)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
+
+		var a3 garray.Array
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+	})
+	// pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		type User struct {
 			Name   string
 			Scores *garray.Array
@@ -471,123 +609,151 @@ func TestArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
 			"Scores": []int{99, 100, 98},
 		}
 		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		user := new(User)
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
-		gtest.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
+	})
+	// value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		type User struct {
+			Name   string
+			Scores garray.Array
+		}
+		data := g.Map{
+			"Name":   "john",
+			"Scores": []int{99, 100, 98},
+		}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+
+		user := new(User)
+		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.Slice{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 	array := garray.NewArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v interface{}) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_RemoveValue(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.Slice{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 	array := garray.NewArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("e"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("b"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("a"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("c"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("f"), false)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("e"), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("b"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("a"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("c"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("f"), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_UnmarshalValue(t *testing.T) {
-	type T struct {
+	type V struct {
 		Name  string
 		Array *garray.Array
 	}
 	// JSON
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": []byte(`[1,2,3]`),
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 	// Map
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": g.Slice{1, 2, 3},
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_FilterNil(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		values := g.Slice{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, "", g.Slice{}}
 		array := garray.NewArrayFromCopy(values)
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterNil().Slice(), values)
+		t.Assert(array.FilterNil().Slice(), values)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewArrayFromCopy(g.Slice{nil, 1, 2, 3, 4, nil})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterNil(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterNil(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_FilterEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewArrayFrom(g.Slice{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, "", g.Slice{}})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewArrayFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestArray_Walk(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewArrayFrom(g.Slice{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.Walk(func(value interface{}) interface{} {
+			return "key-" + gconv.String(value)
+		}), g.Slice{"key-1", "key-2"})
 	})
 }

container/garray/garray_z_unit_normal_int_array_test.go

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 package garray_test
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -21,37 +21,54 @@ import (
 )
 
 func Test_IntArray_Basic(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect := []int{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		expect2 := []int{}
 		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(expect)
 		array2 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(expect2)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Interfaces(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Interfaces(), expect)
 		array.Set(0, 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Get(0), 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Get(1), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Search(100), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Search(100), -1)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Contains(100), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(0), 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(-1), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(100000), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Contains(100), false)
+
+		v, ok := array.Get(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 100)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Get(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Search(100), 0)
+		t.Assert(array2.Search(100), -1)
+		t.Assert(array.Contains(100), true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 100)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(-1)
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(100000)
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Contains(100), false)
 		array.Append(4)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 4)
 		array.InsertBefore(0, 100)
 		array.InsertAfter(0, 200)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []int{100, 200, 1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []int{100, 200, 1, 2, 3, 4})
 		array.InsertBefore(5, 300)
 		array.InsertAfter(6, 400)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []int{100, 200, 1, 2, 3, 300, 4, 400})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Clear().Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []int{100, 200, 1, 2, 3, 300, 4, 400})
+		t.Assert(array.Clear().Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		expect2 := []int{3, 2, 1, 0}
 		array := garray.NewIntArray()
@@ -61,69 +78,108 @@ func TestIntArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
 			array2.Append(i)
 		}
 		array.Sort()
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect1)
 		array.Sort(true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect2)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect2)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect2)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Unique(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		expect := []int{1, 1, 2, 3}
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5}
 		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Unique().Slice(), []int{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.Unique().Slice(), []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_PushAndPop(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect := []int{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.PopLeft(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array.PopRight(), 3)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRand(), []int{1, 2})
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRand(), []int{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 		array.PushLeft(1).PushRight(2)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []int{1, 2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_PopLeftsAndPopRights(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewIntArray()
+
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.PopRands(10), nil)
+	})
+
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		value1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		value2 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(value1)
 		array2 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(value2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopLefts(2), []int{0, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopRights(2), []int{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopRights(20), []int{2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.PopLefts(20), []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), []int{})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopLefts(2), []int{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopRights(2), []int{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopRights(20), []int{2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{})
+		t.Assert(array2.PopLefts(20), []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []int{})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Range(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		value1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(value1)
 		array2 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(value1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(0, 1), []int{0})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(1, 2), []int{1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(0, 2), []int{0, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(10, 2), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(-1, 10), value1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Range(1, 2), []int{1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(0, 1), []int{0})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(1, 2), []int{1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(0, 2), []int{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(10, 2), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(-1, 10), value1)
+		t.Assert(array2.Range(1, 2), []int{1})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
 			if gconv.Int(v1) < gconv.Int(v2) {
 				return 0
@@ -147,260 +203,332 @@ func TestIntArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 		a7 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(s1)
 		a8 := garray.NewSortedArrayFrom([]interface{}{4, 5}, func1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a2).Slice(), []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a3).Len(), 10)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a4).Len(), 13)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a5).Len(), 15)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a6).Len(), 18)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a7).Len(), 21)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(a8).Len(), 23)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a2).Slice(), []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a3).Len(), 10)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a4).Len(), 13)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a5).Len(), 15)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a6).Len(), 18)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a7).Len(), 21)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(a8).Len(), 23)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Fill(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0}
 		a2 := []int{0}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Fill(1, 2, 100).Slice(), []int{0, 100, 100})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Fill(0, 2, 100).Slice(), []int{100, 100})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Fill(-1, 2, 100).Slice(), []int{100, 100})
+		t.Assert(array1.Fill(1, 2, 100), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []int{0, 100, 100})
+
+		t.Assert(array2.Fill(0, 2, 100), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []int{100, 100})
+
+		t.AssertNE(array2.Fill(-1, 2, 100), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []int{100, 100})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestIntArray_PopLeft(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3})
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestIntArray_PopRight(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3})
+
+		v, ok := array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestIntArray_PopLefts(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{3})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestIntArray_PopRights(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(2), g.Slice{2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{1})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Chunk(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []int{5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{3, 4})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []int{5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []int{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{3, 4})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []int{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Pad(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []int{0, 1, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(-4, 1).Slice(), []int{1, 0, 1, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []int{1, 0, 1, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []int{0, 1, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(-4, 1).Slice(), []int{1, 0, 1, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(3, 1).Slice(), []int{1, 0, 1, 1})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_SubSlice(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(6), []int{6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5), []int{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(8), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(0, 2), []int{0, 1})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(2, 2), []int{2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5, 8), []int{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, 1), []int{6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, 9), []int{6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-2, 3), []int{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-7, 3), []int{0, 1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-8, 3), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, -3), []int{3, 4, 5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-9, 3), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -1), []int{0})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -3), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.SubSlice(0, 2), []int{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(6), []int{6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5), []int{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(8), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(0, 2), []int{0, 1})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(2, 2), []int{2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5, 8), []int{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, 1), []int{6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, 9), []int{6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-2, 3), []int{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-7, 3), []int{0, 1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-8, 3), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, -3), []int{3, 4, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-9, 3), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -1), []int{0})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -3), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.SubSlice(0, 2), []int{0, 1})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 7)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(), a1)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)), 2)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 10)
+		t.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
+
+		v, ok := array1.Rand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, a1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600}
 		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		ns1 := array.PopRands(2)
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns1, []int{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600})
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns1), 2)
+		t.AssertIN(ns1, []int{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600})
+		t.Assert(len(ns1), 2)
 
 		ns2 := array.PopRands(7)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns2), 4)
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns2, []int{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600})
+		t.Assert(len(ns2), 4)
+		t.AssertIN(ns2, []int{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Shuffle(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Shuffle().Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Shuffle().Len(), 7)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Reverse(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Reverse().Slice(), []int{6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0})
+		t.Assert(array1.Reverse().Slice(), []int{6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Join(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), "0.1.2.3.4.5.6")
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), "0.1.2.3.4.5.6")
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_String(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.String(), "[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]")
+		t.Assert(array1.String(), "[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]")
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_SetArray(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5}
 		a2 := []int{6, 7}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.SetArray(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1, []int{6, 7})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
+		t.Assert(array1, []int{6, 7})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Replace(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5}
 		a2 := []int{6, 7}
 		a3 := []int{9, 10, 11, 12, 13}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.Replace(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1, []int{6, 7, 3, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1, []int{6, 7, 3, 5})
 
 		array1.Replace(a3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1, []int{9, 10, 11, 12})
+		t.Assert(array1, []int{9, 10, 11, 12})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Clear(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.Clear()
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Clone()
-		gtest.Assert(array1, array2)
+		t.Assert(array1, array2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestArray_Get(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(2), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		v, ok := array1.Get(2)
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Sum(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Sum(), 11)
+		t.Assert(array1.Sum(), 11)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_CountValues(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5, 3}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		m1 := array1.CountValues()
-		gtest.Assert(len(m1), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(m1[1], 1)
-		gtest.Assert(m1[3], 2)
+		t.Assert(len(m1), 4)
+		t.Assert(m1[1], 1)
+		t.Assert(m1[3], 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestNewIntArrayFromCopy(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5, 3}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFromCopy(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
-		gtest.Assert(array1, a1)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
+		t.Assert(array1, a1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Remove(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 5, 4}
 		array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		n1 := array1.Remove(1)
-		gtest.Assert(n1, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		v, ok := array1.Remove(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
 
-		n1 = array1.Remove(0)
-		gtest.Assert(n1, 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
 
-		n1 = array1.Remove(2)
-		gtest.Assert(n1, 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(2)
+		t.Assert(v, 4)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
 		a1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -426,26 +554,26 @@ func TestIntArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
+		t.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_SortFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 4, 3, 2}
 		a1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(s1)
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 int) bool {
 			return v1 < v2
 		}
 		a11 := a1.SortFunc(func1)
-		gtest.Assert(a11, []int{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(a11, []int{1, 2, 3, 4})
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
 		a1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -471,31 +599,50 @@ func TestIntArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
+		t.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 4, 3, 2}
 		a1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(s1)
 		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
 		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
-		gtest.Assert(b1, b2)
-		gtest.Assert(err1, err2)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
 		a2 := garray.NewIntArray()
 		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
 
 		var a3 garray.IntArray
 		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
 	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s1 := []int{1, 4, 3, 2}
+		a1 := *garray.NewIntArrayFrom(s1)
+		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
+		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+		a2 := garray.NewIntArray()
+		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
+
+		var a3 garray.IntArray
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+	})
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		type User struct {
 			Name   string
 			Scores *garray.IntArray
@@ -505,112 +652,140 @@ func TestIntArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
 			"Scores": []int{99, 100, 98},
 		}
 		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		user := new(User)
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
-		gtest.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
+	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		type User struct {
+			Name   string
+			Scores garray.IntArray
+		}
+		data := g.Map{
+			"Name":   "john",
+			"Scores": []int{99, 100, 98},
+		}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+
+		user := new(User)
+		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceInt{10, 20, 30, 40}
 	array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v int) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v int) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v int) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v int) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v int) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v int) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_RemoveValue(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceInt{10, 20, 30, 40}
 	array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(99), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(10), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(88), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(99), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(10), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(88), false)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_UnmarshalValue(t *testing.T) {
-	type T struct {
+	type V struct {
 		Name  string
 		Array *garray.IntArray
 	}
 	// JSON
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": []byte(`[1,2,3]`),
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 	// Map
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": g.Slice{1, 2, 3},
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestIntArray_FilterEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestIntArray_Walk(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array.Walk(func(value int) int {
+			return 10 + value
+		}), g.Slice{11, 12})
 	})
 }

container/garray/garray_z_unit_normal_str_array_test.go

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 package garray_test
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -21,38 +21,61 @@ import (
 )
 
 func Test_StrArray_Basic(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3"}
 		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(expect)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(expect, true)
 		array3 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom([]string{})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Interfaces(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array.Interfaces(), expect)
 		array.Set(0, "100")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Get(0), 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Get(1), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Search("100"), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Contains("100"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(0), 100)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(-1), "")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Remove(100000), "")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Contains("100"), false)
+
+		v, ok := array.Get(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 100)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Search("100"), 0)
+		t.Assert(array.Contains("100"), true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 100)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(-1)
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		v, ok = array.Remove(100000)
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Contains("100"), false)
 		array.Append("4")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 4)
 		array.InsertBefore(0, "100")
 		array.InsertAfter(0, "200")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []string{"100", "200", "1", "2", "3", "4"})
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []string{"100", "200", "1", "2", "3", "4"})
 		array.InsertBefore(5, "300")
 		array.InsertAfter(6, "400")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []string{"100", "200", "1", "2", "3", "300", "4", "400"})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Clear().Len(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array3.Search("100"), -1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []string{"100", "200", "1", "2", "3", "300", "4", "400"})
+		t.Assert(array.Clear().Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), expect)
+		t.Assert(array3.Search("100"), -1)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStrArray_ContainsI(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s := garray.NewStrArray()
+		s.Append("a", "b", "C")
+		t.Assert(s.Contains("A"), false)
+		t.Assert(s.Contains("a"), true)
+		t.Assert(s.ContainsI("A"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3"}
 		expect2 := []string{"3", "2", "1", "0"}
 		array := garray.NewStrArray()
@@ -60,73 +83,167 @@ func TestStrArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
 			array.Append(gconv.String(i))
 		}
 		array.Sort()
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect1)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect1)
 		array.Sort(true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect2)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Unique(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		expect := []string{"1", "1", "2", "3"}
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := []string{"1", "1", "2", "2", "3", "3", "2", "2"}
 		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Unique().Slice(), []string{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(array.Unique().Slice(), []string{"1", "2", "3"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_PushAndPop(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		expect := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3"}
 		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
-		gtest.Assert(array.PopLeft(), "0")
-		gtest.Assert(array.PopRight(), "3")
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRand(), []string{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRand(), []string{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), expect)
+
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, "0")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, "3")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []string{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []string{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 		array.PushLeft("1").PushRight("2")
-		gtest.Assert(array.Slice(), []string{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.Slice(), []string{"1", "2"})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStrArray_PopLeft(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStrArray_PopRight(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+
+		v, ok := array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStrArray_PopLefts(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{"3"})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStrArray_PopRights(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(2), g.Slice{"2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(2), g.Slice{"1"})
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_PopLeftsAndPopRights(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewStrArray()
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRands(10), nil)
+	})
+
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		value1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		value2 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(value1)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(value2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopLefts(2), []interface{}{"0", "1"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{"2", "3", "4", "5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopRights(2), []interface{}{"5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{"2", "3", "4"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.PopRights(20), []interface{}{"2", "3", "4"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.PopLefts(20), []interface{}{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Slice(), []interface{}{})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopLefts(2), []interface{}{"0", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{"2", "3", "4", "5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopRights(2), []interface{}{"5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{"2", "3", "4"})
+		t.Assert(array1.PopRights(20), []interface{}{"2", "3", "4"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []interface{}{})
+		t.Assert(array2.PopLefts(20), []interface{}{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []interface{}{})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestString_Range(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		value1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(value1)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(value1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(0, 1), []interface{}{"0"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(1, 2), []interface{}{"1"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(0, 2), []interface{}{"0", "1"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(-1, 10), value1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(10, 1), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Range(0, 1), []interface{}{"0"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(0, 1), []interface{}{"0"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(1, 2), []interface{}{"1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(0, 2), []interface{}{"0", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(-1, 10), value1)
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(10, 1), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Range(0, 1), []interface{}{"0"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a11 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3"}
 		a21 := []string{"4", "5", "6", "7"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a11)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a21)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Merge(array2).Slice(), []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Merge(array2).Slice(), []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7"})
 
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
 			if gconv.Int(v1) < gconv.Int(v2) {
@@ -145,267 +262,273 @@ func TestStrArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 		s6 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom([]int{1, 2, 3})
 		a1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(s1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i1).Len(), 9)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i2).Len(), 10)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i1).Len(), 9)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i2).Len(), 10)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Fill(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0"}
 		a2 := []string{"0"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Fill(1, 2, "100").Slice(), []string{"0", "100", "100"})
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Fill(0, 2, "100").Slice(), []string{"100", "100"})
-		s1 := array2.Fill(-1, 2, "100")
-		gtest.Assert(s1.Len(), 2)
+		t.Assert(array1.Fill(1, 2, "100"), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), []string{"0", "100", "100"})
+		t.Assert(array2.Fill(0, 2, "100"), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Slice(), []string{"100", "100"})
+		t.AssertNE(array2.Fill(-1, 2, "100"), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Chunk(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"3", "4"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []string{"5"})
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Chunk(0)), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"3", "4"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []string{"5"})
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Chunk(0)), 0)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"3", "4"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []string{"5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"3", "4"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []string{"5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Pad(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(3, "1").Slice(), []string{"0", "1", "1"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(-4, "1").Slice(), []string{"1", "0", "1", "1"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Pad(3, "1").Slice(), []string{"1", "0", "1", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(3, "1").Slice(), []string{"0", "1", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(-4, "1").Slice(), []string{"1", "0", "1", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Pad(3, "1").Slice(), []string{"1", "0", "1", "1"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_SubSlice(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(0, 2), []string{"0", "1"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(2, 2), []string{"2", "3"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5, 8), []string{"5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(8, 2), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -2), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-5, 2), []string{"2", "3"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-10, 1), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.SubSlice(0, 2), []string{"0", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(0, 2), []string{"0", "1"})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(2, 2), []string{"2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(5, 8), []string{"5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(8, 2), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -2), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-5, 2), []string{"2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-10, 1), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.SubSlice(0, 2), []string{"0", "1"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)), "2")
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), "7")
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand()), 1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(), a1)
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)), "2")
+		t.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 10)
+		t.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
+		v, ok := array1.Rand()
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.AssertIN(v, a1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.PopRands(1), []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"})
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.PopRands(1), []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"})
-		gtest.AssertNI(array1.PopRands(1), array1.Slice())
-		gtest.AssertNI(array1.PopRands(1), array1.Slice())
-		gtest.Assert(len(array1.PopRands(10)), 3)
+		t.AssertIN(array1.PopRands(1), []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"})
+		t.AssertIN(array1.PopRands(1), []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"})
+		t.AssertNI(array1.PopRands(1), array1.Slice())
+		t.AssertNI(array1.PopRands(1), array1.Slice())
+		t.Assert(len(array1.PopRands(10)), 3)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Shuffle(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Shuffle().Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Shuffle().Len(), 7)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Reverse(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Reverse().Slice(), []string{"6", "5", "4", "3", "2", "1", "0"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Reverse().Slice(), []string{"6", "5", "4", "3", "2", "1", "0"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Join(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1.2.3.4.5.6`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1.2.3.4.5.6`)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", `"a"`, `\a`}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1."a".\a`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `0.1."a".\a`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_String(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.String(), `["0","1","2","3","4","5","6"]`)
+		t.Assert(array1.String(), `["0","1","2","3","4","5","6"]`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestNewStrArrayFromCopy(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		a2 := garray.NewStrArrayFromCopy(a1)
 		a3 := garray.NewStrArrayFromCopy(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Contains("1"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Len(), 7)
-		gtest.Assert(a2, a3)
+		t.Assert(a2.Contains("1"), true)
+		t.Assert(a2.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(a2, a3)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_SetArray(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		a2 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
 
 		array1 = array1.SetArray(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Replace(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		a2 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a3 := []string{"o", "p", "q", "x", "y", "z", "w", "r", "v"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
 
 		array1 = array1.Replace(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("5"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("5"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
 
 		array1 = array1.Replace(a3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("5"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("p"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("r"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("2"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("5"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("p"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("r"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Sum(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		a2 := []string{"0", "a", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Sum(), 21)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Sum(), 18)
+		t.Assert(array1.Sum(), 21)
+		t.Assert(array2.Sum(), 18)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_PopRand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		str1 := array1.PopRand()
-		gtest.Assert(strings.Contains("0,1,2,3,4,5,6", str1), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 6)
+		str1, ok := array1.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(strings.Contains("0,1,2,3,4,5,6", str1), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 6)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Clone()
-		gtest.Assert(array2, array1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array2, array1)
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 7)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_CountValues(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "4", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
 
 		m1 := array1.CountValues()
-		gtest.Assert(len(m1), 6)
-		gtest.Assert(m1["2"], 1)
-		gtest.Assert(m1["4"], 2)
+		t.Assert(len(m1), 6)
+		t.Assert(m1["2"], 1)
+		t.Assert(m1["4"], 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Remove(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "a", "c"}
 		array1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		s1 := array1.Remove(1)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, "a")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
-		s1 = array1.Remove(3)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, "c")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		s1, ok := array1.Remove(1)
+		t.Assert(s1, "a")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		s1, ok = array1.Remove(3)
+		t.Assert(s1, "c")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -431,25 +554,25 @@ func TestStrArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_SortFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		a1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(s1)
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 string) bool {
 			return v1 < v2
 		}
 		a11 := a1.SortFunc(func1)
-		gtest.Assert(a11, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(a11, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -475,31 +598,50 @@ func TestStrArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 		a1 := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(s1)
 		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
 		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
-		gtest.Assert(b1, b2)
-		gtest.Assert(err1, err2)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
 		a2 := garray.NewStrArray()
 		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
 
 		var a3 garray.StrArray
 		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
 	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
+		a1 := *garray.NewStrArrayFrom(s1)
+		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
+		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+		a2 := garray.NewStrArray()
+		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s1)
+
+		var a3 garray.StrArray
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+	})
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		type User struct {
 			Name   string
 			Scores *garray.StrArray
@@ -509,111 +651,139 @@ func TestStrArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
 			"Scores": []string{"A+", "A", "A"},
 		}
 		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		user := new(User)
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
-		gtest.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
+	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		type User struct {
+			Name   string
+			Scores garray.StrArray
+		}
+		data := g.Map{
+			"Name":   "john",
+			"Scores": []string{"A+", "A", "A"},
+		}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+
+		user := new(User)
+		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, data["Scores"])
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceStr{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 	array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v string) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v string) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v string) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v string) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v string) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v string) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_RemoveValue(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceStr{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 	array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("e"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("b"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("a"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("c"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("f"), false)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("e"), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("b"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("a"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("c"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("f"), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_UnmarshalValue(t *testing.T) {
-	type T struct {
+	type V struct {
 		Name  string
 		Array *garray.StrArray
 	}
 	// JSON
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": []byte(`["1","2","3"]`),
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
 	})
 	// Map
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"},
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStrArray_FilterEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"", "1", "2", "0"})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "0"})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "0"})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStrArray_Walk(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.Walk(func(value string) string {
+			return "key-" + value
+		}), g.Slice{"key-1", "key-2"})
 	})
 }

container/garray/garray_z_unit_sorted_int_array_test.go

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 package garray_test
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -21,355 +21,441 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestNewSortedIntArrayFrom(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 3, 2, 1, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), "0.1.2.3.4.5.6")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Slice(), a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Interfaces(), a1)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), "0.1.2.3.4.5.6")
+		t.Assert(array1.Slice(), a1)
+		t.Assert(array1.Interfaces(), a1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestNewSortedIntArrayFromCopy(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFromCopy(a1, false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), "0.1.2.3.4.5.6")
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), "0.1.2.3.4.5.6")
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_SetArray(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 1, 2, 3}
 		a2 := []int{4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.SetArray(a2)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Search(3), -1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Search(5), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Search(6), 2)
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array2.Search(3), -1)
+		t.Assert(array2.Search(5), 1)
+		t.Assert(array2.Search(6), 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{0, 3, 2, 1}
 
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Sort()
 
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array2, []int{0, 1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array2, []int{0, 1, 2, 3})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Get(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 0}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(0), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(1), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(3), 5)
+		v, ok := array1.Get(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array1.Get(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array1.Get(3)
+		t.Assert(v, 5)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Remove(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 0}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(-1), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(100000), 0)
+		v, ok := array1.Remove(-1)
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
 
-		i1 := array1.Remove(2)
-		gtest.Assert(i1, 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Search(5), 2)
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(-100000)
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
 
-		// 再次删除剩下的数组中的第一个
-		i2 := array1.Remove(0)
-		gtest.Assert(i2, 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Search(5), 1)
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(2)
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array1.Search(5), 2)
+
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(0)
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array1.Search(5), 1)
 
 		a2 := []int{1, 3, 4}
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a2)
-		i3 := array2.Remove(1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Search(1), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(i3, 3)
-		i3 = array2.Remove(1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Search(4), -1)
-		gtest.Assert(i3, 4)
+
+		v, ok = array2.Remove(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array2.Search(1), 0)
+
+		v, ok = array2.Remove(1)
+		t.Assert(v, 4)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array2.Search(4), -1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_PopLeft(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		i1 := array1.PopLeft()
-		gtest.Assert(i1, 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Search(1), -1)
+		v, ok := array1.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Search(1), -1)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3})
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_PopRight(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		i1 := array1.PopRight()
-		gtest.Assert(i1, 5)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Search(5), -1)
+		v, ok := array1.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 5)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Search(5), -1)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3})
+		v, ok := array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_PopRand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		i1 := array1.PopRand()
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Search(i1), -1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(i1, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
+		i1, ok := array1.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Search(i1), -1)
+		t.AssertIN(i1, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		ns1 := array1.PopRands(2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns1, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
+		t.AssertIN(ns1, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
 
 		a2 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a2)
 		ns2 := array2.PopRands(5)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns2), 4)
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns2, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(ns2), 4)
+		t.AssertIN(ns2, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedIntArray_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, 0)
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRands(10), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_PopLefts(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		ns1 := array1.PopLefts(2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1, []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
+		t.Assert(ns1, []int{1, 2})
 
 		a2 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a2)
 		ns2 := array2.PopLefts(5)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 0)
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns2, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 0)
+		t.AssertIN(ns2, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_PopRights(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		ns1 := array1.PopRights(2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1, []int{3, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
+		t.Assert(ns1, []int{3, 5})
 
 		a2 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2}
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a2)
 		ns2 := array2.PopRights(5)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 0)
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns2, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 0)
+		t.AssertIN(ns2, []int{1, 3, 5, 2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Range(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5, 2, 6, 7}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1, true)
 		ns1 := array1.Range(1, 4)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns1), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1, []int{2, 3, 5})
+		t.Assert(len(ns1), 3)
+		t.Assert(ns1, []int{2, 3, 5})
 
 		ns2 := array1.Range(5, 4)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns2), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(ns2), 0)
 
 		ns3 := array1.Range(-1, 4)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns3), 4)
+		t.Assert(len(ns3), 4)
 
 		nsl := array1.Range(5, 8)
-		gtest.Assert(len(nsl), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Range(1, 2), []int{2})
+		t.Assert(len(nsl), 1)
+		t.Assert(array2.Range(1, 2), []int{2})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Sum(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		n1 := array1.Sum()
-		gtest.Assert(n1, 9)
+		t.Assert(n1, 9)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Join(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `1.3.5`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `1.3.5`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_String(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.String(), `[1,3,5]`)
+		t.Assert(array1.String(), `[1,3,5]`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Contains(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains(4), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains(4), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Clone()
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array2, array1)
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array2, array1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Clear(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 3, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.Clear()
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Chunk(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		ns1 := array1.Chunk(2) //按每几个元素切成一个数组
 		ns2 := array1.Chunk(-1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns1), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1[0], []int{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(ns1[2], []int{5})
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns2), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(ns1), 3)
+		t.Assert(ns1[0], []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(ns1[2], []int{5})
+		t.Assert(len(ns2), 0)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []int{5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{3, 4})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []int{5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5, 6})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []int{1, 2, 3})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []int{4, 5, 6})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_SubSlice(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1, true)
 		ns1 := array1.SubSlice(1, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns1), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1, []int{2, 3})
+		t.Assert(len(ns1), 2)
+		t.Assert(ns1, []int{2, 3})
 
 		ns2 := array1.SubSlice(7, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns2), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(ns2), 0)
 
 		ns3 := array1.SubSlice(3, 5)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns3), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(ns3, []int{4, 5})
+		t.Assert(len(ns3), 2)
+		t.Assert(ns3, []int{4, 5})
 
 		ns4 := array1.SubSlice(3, 1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns4), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(ns4, []int{4})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, 1), []int{5})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-9, 1), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -9), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.SubSlice(1, 2), []int{2, 3})
+		t.Assert(len(ns4), 1)
+		t.Assert(ns4, []int{4})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-1, 1), []int{5})
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(-9, 1), nil)
+		t.Assert(array1.SubSlice(1, -9), nil)
+		t.Assert(array2.SubSlice(1, 2), []int{2, 3})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		ns1 := array1.Rand() //按每几个元素切成一个数组
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns1, a1)
+		ns1, ok := array1.Rand()
+		t.AssertIN(ns1, a1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Rands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
-		ns1 := array1.Rands(2) //按每几个元素切成一个数组
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns1, a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns1), 2)
+		ns1 := array1.Rands(2)
+		t.AssertIN(ns1, a1)
+		t.Assert(len(ns1), 2)
 
-		ns2 := array1.Rands(6) //按每几个元素切成一个数组
-		gtest.AssertIN(ns2, a1)
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns2), 5)
+		ns2 := array1.Rands(6)
+		t.Assert(len(ns2), 6)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_CountValues(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		ns1 := array1.CountValues() //按每几个元素切成一个数组
-		gtest.Assert(len(ns1), 5)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1[2], 1)
-		gtest.Assert(ns1[3], 2)
+		t.Assert(len(ns1), 5)
+		t.Assert(ns1[2], 1)
+		t.Assert(ns1[3], 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_SetUnique(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3}
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.SetUnique(true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
-		gtest.Assert(array1, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
+		t.Assert(array1, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedIntArray_Unique(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		a1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5}
+		array1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(a1)
+		array1.Unique()
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
+		t.Assert(array1, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(s1, true)
 		ch1 := make(chan int64, 3)
@@ -394,13 +480,13 @@ func TestSortedIntArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
+		t.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -426,13 +512,13 @@ func TestSortedIntArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
+		t.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains(6), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
 			if gconv.Int(v1) < gconv.Int(v2) {
 				return 0
@@ -449,37 +535,57 @@ func TestSortedIntArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 		s6 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom([]int{1, 2, 3})
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(i0)
 
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i1).Len(), 9)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i2).Len(), 10)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i1).Len(), 9)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i2).Len(), 10)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []int{1, 4, 3, 2}
 		s2 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(s1)
 		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
 		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
-		gtest.Assert(b1, b2)
-		gtest.Assert(err1, err2)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
 		a2 := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
 		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Slice(), s2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s2)
 
 		var a3 garray.SortedIntArray
 		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
 	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s1 := []int{1, 4, 3, 2}
+		s2 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		a1 := *garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(s1)
+		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
+		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+		a2 := garray.NewSortedIntArray()
+		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s2)
+
+		var a3 garray.SortedIntArray
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+	})
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		type User struct {
 			Name   string
 			Scores *garray.SortedIntArray
@@ -489,112 +595,140 @@ func TestSortedIntArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
 			"Scores": []int{99, 100, 98},
 		}
 		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		user := new(User)
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
-		gtest.Assert(user.Scores, []int{98, 99, 100})
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, []int{98, 99, 100})
+	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		type User struct {
+			Name   string
+			Scores garray.SortedIntArray
+		}
+		data := g.Map{
+			"Name":   "john",
+			"Scores": []int{99, 100, 98},
+		}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+
+		user := new(User)
+		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, []int{98, 99, 100})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceInt{10, 20, 30, 40}
 	array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v int) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v int) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v int) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v int) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v int) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v int) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_RemoveValue(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceInt{10, 20, 30, 40}
 	array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(99), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(10), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue(88), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(99), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(10), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(20), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue(88), false)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_UnmarshalValue(t *testing.T) {
-	type T struct {
+	type V struct {
 		Name  string
 		Array *garray.SortedIntArray
 	}
 	// JSON
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": []byte(`[2,3,1]`),
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 	// Map
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": g.Slice{2, 3, 1},
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.Slice{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedIntArray_FilterEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceInt{1, 2, 3, 4})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedIntArray_Walk(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom(g.SliceInt{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(array.Walk(func(value int) int {
+			return 10 + value
+		}), g.Slice{11, 12})
 	})
 }

container/garray/garray_z_unit_sorted_str_array_test.go

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 package garray_test
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -20,362 +20,460 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestNewSortedStrArrayFrom(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		s1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
 		s2 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1, false)
-		gtest.Assert(s2, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(s2, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestNewSortedStrArrayFromCopy(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		s1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFromCopy(a1, true)
-		gtest.Assert(s1.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(s1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_SetArray(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		a2 := []string{"f", "g", "h"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.SetArray(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("d"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("b"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("d"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("b"), false)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("g"), true)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedStrArray_ContainsI(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
+		s.Append("a", "b", "C")
+		t.Assert(s.Contains("A"), false)
+		t.Assert(s.Contains("a"), true)
+		t.Assert(s.ContainsI("A"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Sort(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(array1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
 		array1.Sort()
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), true)
+		t.Assert(array1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Get(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(2), "c")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(0), "a")
+		v, ok := array1.Get(2)
+		t.Assert(v, "c")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		v, ok = array1.Get(0)
+		t.Assert(v, "a")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Remove(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(-1), "")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(100000), "")
+		v, ok := array1.Remove(-1)
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(2), "c")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Get(2), "d")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), false)
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(100000)
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(0), "a")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("a"), false)
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(2)
+		t.Assert(v, "c")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 
-		// 此时array1里的元素只剩下2个
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Remove(1), "d")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 1)
+		v, ok = array1.Get(2)
+		t.Assert(v, "d")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("c"), false)
+
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(0)
+		t.Assert(v, "a")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 2)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("a"), false)
+
+		v, ok = array1.Remove(1)
+		t.Assert(v, "d")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_PopLeft(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		s1 := array1.PopLeft()
-		gtest.Assert(s1, "a")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("a"), false)
+		v, ok := array1.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, "a")
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("a"), false)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+		v, ok = array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_PopRight(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		s1 := array1.PopRight()
-		gtest.Assert(s1, "e")
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains("e"), false)
+		v, ok := array1.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, "e")
+		t.Assert(ok, ok)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains("e"), false)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		v, ok := array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 3)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 2)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 2)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 1)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, 1)
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.Assert(array.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_PopRand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		s1 := array1.PopRand()
-		gtest.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Contains(s1), false)
+		s1, ok := array1.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
+		t.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 4)
+		t.Assert(array1.Contains(s1), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		s1 := array1.PopRands(2)
-		gtest.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 2)
+		t.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 2)
 
 		s1 = array1.PopRands(4)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 3)
-		gtest.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"})
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 3)
+		t.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedStrArray_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
+		v, ok := array.PopLeft()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopLefts(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRight()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRights(10), nil)
+
+		v, ok = array.PopRand()
+		t.Assert(v, "")
+		t.Assert(ok, false)
+		t.Assert(array.PopRands(10), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_PopLefts(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		s1 := array1.PopLefts(2)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 2)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 2)
 
 		s1 = array1.PopLefts(4)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"c", "d", "e"})
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 3)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"c", "d", "e"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_PopRights(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		s1 := array1.PopRights(2)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"f", "g"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 2)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"f", "g"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 5)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 2)
 		s1 = array1.PopRights(6)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 5)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 5)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Range(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1, true)
 		s1 := array1.Range(2, 4)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 2)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"c", "d"})
 
 		s1 = array1.Range(-1, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b"})
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 2)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"a", "b"})
 
 		s1 = array1.Range(4, 8)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"e", "f", "g"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Range(10, 2), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 3)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"e", "f", "g"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Range(10, 2), nil)
 
 		s2 := array2.Range(2, 4)
-		gtest.Assert(s2, []string{"c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(s2, []string{"c", "d"})
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Sum(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		a2 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "a"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a2)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Sum(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Sum(), 10)
+		t.Assert(array1.Sum(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array2.Sum(), 10)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Clone()
-		gtest.Assert(array1, array2)
+		t.Assert(array1, array2)
 		array1.Remove(1)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 7)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Clear(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array1.Clear()
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 0)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_SubSlice(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1, true)
 		s1 := array1.SubSlice(1, 3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(s1, []string{"b", "c", "d"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 3)
+		t.Assert(s1, []string{"b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
 
 		s2 := array1.SubSlice(1, 10)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s2), 6)
+		t.Assert(len(s2), 6)
 
 		s3 := array1.SubSlice(10, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(s3), 0)
+		t.Assert(len(s3), 0)
 
 		s3 = array1.SubSlice(-5, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(s3, []string{"c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(s3, []string{"c", "d"})
 
 		s3 = array1.SubSlice(-10, 2)
-		gtest.Assert(s3, nil)
+		t.Assert(s3, nil)
 
 		s3 = array1.SubSlice(1, -2)
-		gtest.Assert(s3, nil)
+		t.Assert(s3, nil)
 
-		gtest.Assert(array2.SubSlice(1, 3), []string{"b", "c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(array2.SubSlice(1, 3), []string{"b", "c", "d"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Len(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "c", "b", "f", "g"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 7)
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(), []string{"e", "a", "d"})
+		v, ok := array1.Rand()
+		t.AssertIN(v, []string{"e", "a", "d"})
+		t.Assert(ok, true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Rands(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		s1 := array1.Rands(2)
 
-		gtest.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d"})
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 2)
+		t.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d"})
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 2)
 
 		s1 = array1.Rands(4)
-		gtest.AssertIN(s1, []string{"e", "a", "d"})
-		gtest.Assert(len(s1), 3)
+		t.Assert(len(s1), 4)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Join(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join(","), `a,d,e`)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `a.d.e`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join(","), `a,d,e`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `a.d.e`)
 	})
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"a", `"b"`, `\c`}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Join("."), `"b".\c.a`)
+		t.Assert(array1.Join("."), `"b".\c.a`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_String(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
-		gtest.Assert(array1.String(), `["a","d","e"]`)
+		t.Assert(array1.String(), `["a","d","e"]`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_CountValues(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "a", "c"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		m1 := array1.CountValues()
-		gtest.Assert(m1["a"], 2)
-		gtest.Assert(m1["d"], 1)
+		t.Assert(m1["a"], 2)
+		t.Assert(m1["d"], 1)
 
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Chunk(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "a", "c"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array2), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(array2[0]), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(array2[1], []string{"c", "d"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(array2), 3)
+		t.Assert(len(array2[0]), 2)
+		t.Assert(array2[1], []string{"c", "d"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(2)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"3", "4"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[2], []string{"5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 3)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"3", "4"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[2], []string{"5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a1 := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		chunks := array1.Chunk(3)
-		gtest.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
-		gtest.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5", "6"})
-		gtest.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
+		t.Assert(len(chunks), 2)
+		t.Assert(chunks[0], []string{"1", "2", "3"})
+		t.Assert(chunks[1], []string{"4", "5", "6"})
+		t.Assert(array1.Chunk(0), nil)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_SetUnique(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		a1 := []string{"e", "a", "d", "a", "c"}
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		a1 := []string{"1", "1", "2", "2", "3", "3", "2", "2"}
 		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
 		array2 := array1.SetUnique(true)
-		gtest.Assert(array2.Len(), 4)
-		gtest.Assert(array2, []string{"a", "c", "d", "e"})
+		t.Assert(array2.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array2, []string{"1", "2", "3"})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedStrArray_Unique(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		a1 := []string{"1", "1", "2", "2", "3", "3", "2", "2"}
+		array1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(a1)
+		array1.Unique()
+		t.Assert(array1.Len(), 3)
+		t.Assert(array1, []string{"1", "2", "3"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -401,13 +499,13 @@ func TestSortedStrArray_LockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.AssertGT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读写互斥锁，所go2读的时候被阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(s1, true)
 
@@ -433,13 +531,13 @@ func TestSortedStrArray_RLockFunc(t *testing.T) {
 		<-ch2 //等待go1完成
 
 		// 防止ci抖动,以豪秒为单位
-		gtest.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
+		t.AssertLT(t2-t1, 20) //go1加的读锁，所go2读的时候，并没有阻塞。
+		t.Assert(a1.Contains("g"), true)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		func1 := func(v1, v2 interface{}) int {
 			if gconv.Int(v1) < gconv.Int(v2) {
 				return 0
@@ -457,39 +555,61 @@ func TestSortedStrArray_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 		s6 := garray.NewSortedIntArrayFrom([]int{1, 2, 3})
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(s1)
 
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i1).Len(), 9)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(i2).Len(), 10)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
-		gtest.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s2).Len(), 6)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i1).Len(), 9)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(i2).Len(), 10)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s3).Len(), 12)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s4).Len(), 14)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s5).Len(), 16)
+		t.Assert(a1.Merge(s6).Len(), 19)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 		s2 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
 		a1 := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(s1)
 		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
 		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
-		gtest.Assert(b1, b2)
-		gtest.Assert(err1, err2)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
 		a2 := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
 		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Slice(), s2)
-		gtest.Assert(a2.Interfaces(), s2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Interfaces(), s2)
 
 		var a3 garray.SortedStrArray
 		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
-		gtest.Assert(a3.Interfaces(), s1)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(a3.Interfaces(), s1)
 	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		s1 := []string{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
+		s2 := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
+		a1 := *garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(s1)
+		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(a1)
+		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(s1)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
 
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+		a2 := garray.NewSortedStrArray()
+		err1 = json.Unmarshal(b2, &a2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Slice(), s2)
+		t.Assert(a2.Interfaces(), s2)
+
+		var a3 garray.SortedStrArray
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b2, &a3)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(a3.Slice(), s1)
+		t.Assert(a3.Interfaces(), s1)
+	})
+	// array pointer
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		type User struct {
 			Name   string
 			Scores *garray.SortedStrArray
@@ -499,111 +619,139 @@ func TestSortedStrArray_Json(t *testing.T) {
 			"Scores": []string{"A+", "A", "A"},
 		}
 		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		user := new(User)
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
-		gtest.Assert(user.Scores, []string{"A", "A", "A+"})
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, []string{"A", "A", "A+"})
+	})
+	// array value
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		type User struct {
+			Name   string
+			Scores garray.SortedStrArray
+		}
+		data := g.Map{
+			"Name":   "john",
+			"Scores": []string{"A+", "A", "A"},
+		}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(data)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+
+		user := new(User)
+		err = json.Unmarshal(b, user)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(user.Name, data["Name"])
+		t.Assert(user.Scores, []string{"A", "A", "A+"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceStr{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 	array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v string) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v string) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v string) bool {
-			gtest.Assert(v, slice[k])
+			t.Assert(v, slice[k])
 			return true
 		})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.Iterator(func(k int, v string) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorAsc(func(k int, v string) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		index := 0
 		array.IteratorDesc(func(k int, v string) bool {
 			index++
 			return false
 		})
-		gtest.Assert(index, 1)
+		t.Assert(index, 1)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_RemoveValue(t *testing.T) {
 	slice := g.SliceStr{"a", "b", "d", "c"}
 	array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(slice)
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("e"), false)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("b"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("a"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("c"), true)
-		gtest.Assert(array.RemoveValue("f"), false)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("e"), false)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("b"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("a"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("c"), true)
+		t.Assert(array.RemoveValue("f"), false)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_UnmarshalValue(t *testing.T) {
-	type T struct {
+	type V struct {
 		Name  string
 		Array *garray.SortedStrArray
 	}
 	// JSON
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": []byte(`["1","3","2"]`),
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
 	})
 	// Map
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var v *V
 		err := gconv.Struct(g.Map{
 			"name":  "john",
 			"array": g.SliceStr{"1", "3", "2"},
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
+		}, &v)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(v.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(v.Array.Slice(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2", "3"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestSortedStrArray_FilterEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"", "1", "2", "0"})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"0", "1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"0", "1", "2"})
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
-		gtest.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.FilterEmpty(), g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSortedStrArray_Walk(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		array := garray.NewSortedStrArrayFrom(g.SliceStr{"1", "2"})
+		t.Assert(array.Walk(func(value string) string {
+			return "key-" + value
+		}), g.Slice{"key-1", "key-2"})
 	})
 }

container/gchan/gchan.go

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
-//
-// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
-// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
-// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
-
-// Package gchan provides graceful channel for no panic operations.
-//
-// It's safe to call Chan.Push/Close functions repeatedly.
-package gchan
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gtype"
-)
-
-// Graceful channel.
-type Chan struct {
-	channel chan interface{}
-	closed  *gtype.Bool
-}
-
-// New creates a graceful channel with given <limit>.
-func New(limit int) *Chan {
-	return &Chan{
-		channel: make(chan interface{}, limit),
-		closed:  gtype.NewBool(),
-	}
-}
-
-// Push pushes <value> to channel.
-// It is safe to be called repeatedly.
-func (c *Chan) Push(value interface{}) error {
-	if c.closed.Val() {
-		return errors.New("channel is closed")
-	}
-	c.channel <- value
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Pop pops value from channel.
-// If there's no value in channel, it would block to wait.
-// If the channel is closed, it will return a nil value immediately.
-func (c *Chan) Pop() interface{} {
-	return <-c.channel
-}
-
-// Close closes the channel.
-// It is safe to be called repeatedly.
-func (c *Chan) Close() {
-	if !c.closed.Set(true) {
-		close(c.channel)
-	}
-}
-
-// See Len.
-func (c *Chan) Size() int {
-	return c.Len()
-}
-
-// Len returns the length of the channel.
-func (c *Chan) Len() int {
-	return len(c.channel)
-}
-
-// Cap returns the capacity of the channel.
-func (c *Chan) Cap() int {
-	return cap(c.channel)
-}

container/gchan/gchan_example_test.go

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
-//
-// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
-// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
-// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
-
-package gchan_test
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gchan"
-)
-
-func Example_basic() {
-	n := 10
-	c := gchan.New(n)
-	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		c.Push(i)
-	}
-	fmt.Println(c.Len(), c.Cap())
-	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		fmt.Print(c.Pop())
-	}
-	c.Close()
-
-	// Output:
-	//10 10
-	//0123456789
-}

container/gchan/gchan_z_unit_test.go

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package gchan_test
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gchan"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/test/gtest"
-)
-
-func Test_Gchan(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		ch := gchan.New(10)
-
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Cap(), 10)
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Push(1), nil)
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Len(), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Size(), 1)
-		ch.Pop()
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Len(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Size(), 0)
-		ch.Close()
-		gtest.Assert(ch.Push(1), errors.New("channel is closed"))
-
-		ch = gchan.New(0)
-		ch1 := gchan.New(0)
-		go func() {
-			var i = 0
-			for {
-				v := ch.Pop()
-				if v == nil {
-					ch1.Push(i)
-					break
-				}
-				gtest.Assert(v, i)
-				i++
-			}
-		}()
-
-		for index := 0; index < 10; index++ {
-			ch.Push(index)
-		}
-		ch.Close()
-		gtest.Assert(ch1.Pop(), 10)
-		ch1.Close()
-	})
-}

container/glist/glist.go

@@ -5,32 +5,33 @@
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
 //
 
-// Package glist provides a concurrent-safe/unsafe doubly linked list.
+// Package glist provides most commonly used doubly linked list container which also supports concurrent-safe/unsafe switch feature.
 package glist
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"container/list"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/text/gstr"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/rwmutex"
 )
 
 type (
+	// List is a doubly linked list containing a concurrent-safe/unsafe switch.
+	// The switch should be set when its initialization and cannot be changed then.
 	List struct {
-		mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+		mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 		list *list.List
 	}
-
+	// Element the item type of the list.
 	Element = list.Element
 )
 
 // New creates and returns a new empty doubly linked list.
 func New(safe ...bool) *List {
 	return &List{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		list: list.New(),
 	}
 }
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ func NewFrom(array []interface{}, safe ...bool) *List {
 		l.PushBack(v)
 	}
 	return &List{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		list: l,
 	}
 }
@@ -52,6 +53,9 @@ func NewFrom(array []interface{}, safe ...bool) *List {
 // PushFront inserts a new element <e> with value <v> at the front of list <l> and returns <e>.
 func (l *List) PushFront(v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	e = l.list.PushFront(v)
 	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
@@ -60,6 +64,9 @@ func (l *List) PushFront(v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 // PushBack inserts a new element <e> with value <v> at the back of list <l> and returns <e>.
 func (l *List) PushBack(v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	e = l.list.PushBack(v)
 	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
@@ -68,6 +75,9 @@ func (l *List) PushBack(v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 // PushFronts inserts multiple new elements with values <values> at the front of list <l>.
 func (l *List) PushFronts(values []interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	for _, v := range values {
 		l.list.PushFront(v)
 	}
@@ -77,6 +87,9 @@ func (l *List) PushFronts(values []interface{}) {
 // PushBacks inserts multiple new elements with values <values> at the back of list <l>.
 func (l *List) PushBacks(values []interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	for _, v := range values {
 		l.list.PushBack(v)
 	}
@@ -86,20 +99,28 @@ func (l *List) PushBacks(values []interface{}) {
 // PopBack removes the element from back of <l> and returns the value of the element.
 func (l *List) PopBack() (value interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+		return
+	}
 	if e := l.list.Back(); e != nil {
 		value = l.list.Remove(e)
 	}
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // PopFront removes the element from front of <l> and returns the value of the element.
 func (l *List) PopFront() (value interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+		return
+	}
 	if e := l.list.Front(); e != nil {
 		value = l.list.Remove(e)
 	}
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -107,6 +128,11 @@ func (l *List) PopFront() (value interface{}) {
 // and returns values of the removed elements as slice.
 func (l *List) PopBacks(max int) (values []interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+		return
+	}
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
 		if max > 0 && max < length {
@@ -117,7 +143,6 @@ func (l *List) PopBacks(max int) (values []interface{}) {
 			values[i] = l.list.Remove(l.list.Back())
 		}
 	}
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -125,6 +150,11 @@ func (l *List) PopBacks(max int) (values []interface{}) {
 // and returns values of the removed elements as slice.
 func (l *List) PopFronts(max int) (values []interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+		return
+	}
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
 		if max > 0 && max < length {
@@ -135,7 +165,6 @@ func (l *List) PopFronts(max int) (values []interface{}) {
 			values[i] = l.list.Remove(l.list.Front())
 		}
 	}
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -154,6 +183,10 @@ func (l *List) PopFrontAll() []interface{} {
 // FrontAll copies and returns values of all elements from front of <l> as slice.
 func (l *List) FrontAll() (values []interface{}) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
 		values = make([]interface{}, length)
@@ -161,13 +194,16 @@ func (l *List) FrontAll() (values []interface{}) {
 			values[i] = e.Value
 		}
 	}
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // BackAll copies and returns values of all elements from back of <l> as slice.
 func (l *List) BackAll() (values []interface{}) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
 		values = make([]interface{}, length)
@@ -175,43 +211,54 @@ func (l *List) BackAll() (values []interface{}) {
 			values[i] = e.Value
 		}
 	}
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // FrontValue returns value of the first element of <l> or nil if the list is empty.
 func (l *List) FrontValue() (value interface{}) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	if e := l.list.Front(); e != nil {
 		value = e.Value
 	}
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // BackValue returns value of the last element of <l> or nil if the list is empty.
 func (l *List) BackValue() (value interface{}) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	if e := l.list.Back(); e != nil {
 		value = e.Value
 	}
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Front returns the first element of list <l> or nil if the list is empty.
 func (l *List) Front() (e *Element) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	e = l.list.Front()
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Back returns the last element of list <l> or nil if the list is empty.
 func (l *List) Back() (e *Element) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	e = l.list.Back()
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -219,8 +266,11 @@ func (l *List) Back() (e *Element) {
 // The complexity is O(1).
 func (l *List) Len() (length int) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
+	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	length = l.list.Len()
-	l.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -234,8 +284,11 @@ func (l *List) Size() int {
 // The element and <p> must not be nil.
 func (l *List) MoveBefore(e, p *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	l.list.MoveBefore(e, p)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // MoveAfter moves element <e> to its new position after <p>.
@@ -243,8 +296,11 @@ func (l *List) MoveBefore(e, p *Element) {
 // The element and <p> must not be nil.
 func (l *List) MoveAfter(e, p *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	l.list.MoveAfter(e, p)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // MoveToFront moves element <e> to the front of list <l>.
@@ -252,8 +308,11 @@ func (l *List) MoveAfter(e, p *Element) {
 // The element must not be nil.
 func (l *List) MoveToFront(e *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	l.list.MoveToFront(e)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // MoveToBack moves element <e> to the back of list <l>.
@@ -261,8 +320,11 @@ func (l *List) MoveToFront(e *Element) {
 // The element must not be nil.
 func (l *List) MoveToBack(e *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	l.list.MoveToBack(e)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // PushBackList inserts a copy of an other list at the back of list <l>.
@@ -273,8 +335,11 @@ func (l *List) PushBackList(other *List) {
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
 	}
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	l.list.PushBackList(other.list)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // PushFrontList inserts a copy of an other list at the front of list <l>.
@@ -285,8 +350,11 @@ func (l *List) PushFrontList(other *List) {
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
 	}
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	l.list.PushFrontList(other.list)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // InsertAfter inserts a new element <e> with value <v> immediately after <p> and returns <e>.
@@ -294,8 +362,11 @@ func (l *List) PushFrontList(other *List) {
 // The <p> must not be nil.
 func (l *List) InsertAfter(p *Element, v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	e = l.list.InsertAfter(v, p)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -304,8 +375,11 @@ func (l *List) InsertAfter(p *Element, v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 // The <p> must not be nil.
 func (l *List) InsertBefore(p *Element, v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	e = l.list.InsertBefore(v, p)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -314,18 +388,24 @@ func (l *List) InsertBefore(p *Element, v interface{}) (e *Element) {
 // The element must not be nil.
 func (l *List) Remove(e *Element) (value interface{}) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	value = l.list.Remove(e)
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Removes removes multiple elements <es> from <l> if <es> are elements of list <l>.
 func (l *List) Removes(es []*Element) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	for _, e := range es {
 		l.list.Remove(e)
 	}
-	l.mu.Unlock()
 	return
 }
 
@@ -345,13 +425,18 @@ func (l *List) Clear() {
 func (l *List) RLockFunc(f func(list *list.List)) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
 	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
-	f(l.list)
+	if l.list != nil {
+		f(l.list)
+	}
 }
 
 // LockFunc locks writing with given callback function <f> within RWMutex.Lock.
 func (l *List) LockFunc(f func(list *list.List)) {
 	l.mu.Lock()
 	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	f(l.list)
 }
 
@@ -360,11 +445,14 @@ func (l *List) Iterator(f func(e *Element) bool) {
 	l.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the list in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the list readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (l *List) IteratorAsc(f func(e *Element) bool) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
 	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
 		for i, e := 0, l.list.Front(); i < length; i, e = i+1, e.Next() {
@@ -375,11 +463,14 @@ func (l *List) IteratorAsc(f func(e *Element) bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the list in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the list readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (l *List) IteratorDesc(f func(e *Element) bool) {
 	l.mu.RLock()
 	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
 		for i, e := 0, l.list.Back(); i < length; i, e = i+1, e.Prev() {
@@ -394,17 +485,14 @@ func (l *List) IteratorDesc(f func(e *Element) bool) {
 func (l *List) Join(glue string) string {
 	l.mu.RLock()
 	defer l.mu.RUnlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
 	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	length := l.list.Len()
 	if length > 0 {
-		s := ""
 		for i, e := 0, l.list.Front(); i < length; i, e = i+1, e.Next() {
-			s = gconv.String(e.Value)
-			if gstr.IsNumeric(s) {
-				buffer.WriteString(s)
-			} else {
-				buffer.WriteString(`"` + gstr.QuoteMeta(s, `"\`) + `"`)
-			}
+			buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(e.Value))
 			if i != length-1 {
 				buffer.WriteString(glue)
 			}
@@ -425,12 +513,11 @@ func (l *List) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (l *List) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if l.mu == nil {
-		l.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		l.list = list.New()
-	}
 	l.mu.Lock()
 	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	var array []interface{}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &array); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -441,12 +528,11 @@ func (l *List) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for list.
 func (l *List) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if l.mu == nil {
-		l.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		l.list = list.New()
-	}
 	l.mu.Lock()
 	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	if l.list == nil {
+		l.list = list.New()
+	}
 	var array []interface{}
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case string, []byte:

container/glist/glist_example_test.go

@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ import (
 	"container/list"
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/garray"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/glist"
 )
 
-func Example_basic() {
+func ExampleNew() {
 	n := 10
 	l := glist.New()
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
@@ -31,14 +32,14 @@ func Example_basic() {
 	fmt.Println(l.Len())
 
 	// Output:
-	//10
-	//[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
-	//[9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0]
-	//0123456789
-	//0
+	// 10
+	// [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
+	// [9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0]
+	// 0123456789
+	// 0
 }
 
-func Example_iterate() {
+func ExampleList_RLockFunc() {
 	// concurrent-safe list.
 	l := glist.NewFrom(garray.NewArrayRange(1, 10, 1).Slice(), true)
 	// iterate reading from head.
@@ -62,21 +63,39 @@ func Example_iterate() {
 	})
 
 	fmt.Println()
+	// Output:
+	// 12345678910
+	// 10987654321
+}
 
+func ExampleList_IteratorAsc() {
+	// concurrent-safe list.
+	l := glist.NewFrom(garray.NewArrayRange(1, 10, 1).Slice(), true)
 	// iterate reading from head using IteratorAsc.
 	l.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
 		fmt.Print(e.Value)
 		return true
 	})
-	fmt.Println()
+
+	// Output:
+	// 12345678910
+}
+
+func ExampleList_IteratorDesc() {
+	// concurrent-safe list.
+	l := glist.NewFrom(garray.NewArrayRange(1, 10, 1).Slice(), true)
 	// iterate reading from tail using IteratorDesc.
 	l.IteratorDesc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
 		fmt.Print(e.Value)
 		return true
 	})
+	// Output:
+	// 10987654321
+}
 
-	fmt.Println()
-
+func ExampleList_LockFunc() {
+	// concurrent-safe list.
+	l := glist.NewFrom(garray.NewArrayRange(1, 10, 1).Slice(), true)
 	// iterate writing from head.
 	l.LockFunc(func(list *list.List) {
 		length := list.Len()
@@ -91,10 +110,51 @@ func Example_iterate() {
 	})
 	fmt.Println(l)
 
-	//output:
-	//12345678910
-	//10987654321
-	//12345678910
-	//10987654321
-	//[1,2,3,4,5,"M",7,8,9,10]
+	// Output:
+	// [1,2,3,4,5,M,7,8,9,10]
+}
+
+func ExampleList_PopBack() {
+	l := glist.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	fmt.Println(l.PopBack())
+
+	// Output:
+	// 9
+}
+func ExampleList_PopBacks() {
+	l := glist.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	fmt.Println(l.PopBacks(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// [9 8]
+}
+
+func ExampleList_PopFront() {
+	l := glist.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	fmt.Println(l.PopFront())
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+}
+
+func ExampleList_PopFronts() {
+	l := glist.NewFrom(g.Slice{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+	fmt.Println(l.PopFronts(2))
+
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2]
+}
+
+func ExampleList_Join() {
+	var l glist.List
+	l.PushBacks(g.Slice{"a", "b", "c", "d"})
+
+	fmt.Println(l.Join(","))
+
+	// Output:
+	// a,b,c,d
 }

container/glist/glist_z_unit_test.go

@@ -8,15 +8,14 @@ package glist
 
 import (
 	"container/list"
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/test/gtest"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 
 	"testing"
 )
 
-// 检查链表长度
-func checkListLen(t *testing.T, l *List, len int) bool {
+func checkListLen(t *gtest.T, l *List, len int) bool {
 	if n := l.Len(); n != len {
 		t.Errorf("l.Len() = %d, want %d", n, len)
 		return false
@@ -24,8 +23,7 @@ func checkListLen(t *testing.T, l *List, len int) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-// 检查指针地址
-func checkListPointers(t *testing.T, l *List, es []*Element) {
+func checkListPointers(t *gtest.T, l *List, es []*Element) {
 	if !checkListLen(t, l, len(es)) {
 		return
 	}
@@ -41,6 +39,44 @@ func checkListPointers(t *testing.T, l *List, es []*Element) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestVar(t *testing.T) {
+	var l List
+	l.PushFront(1)
+	l.PushFront(2)
+	if v := l.PopBack(); v != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("EXPECT %v, GOT %v", 1, v)
+	} else {
+		//fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	if v := l.PopBack(); v != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("EXPECT %v, GOT %v", 2, v)
+	} else {
+		//fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	if v := l.PopBack(); v != nil {
+		t.Errorf("EXPECT %v, GOT %v", nil, v)
+	} else {
+		//fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	l.PushBack(1)
+	l.PushBack(2)
+	if v := l.PopFront(); v != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("EXPECT %v, GOT %v", 1, v)
+	} else {
+		//fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	if v := l.PopFront(); v != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("EXPECT %v, GOT %v", 2, v)
+	} else {
+		//fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	if v := l.PopFront(); v != nil {
+		t.Errorf("EXPECT %v, GOT %v", nil, v)
+	} else {
+		//fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBasic(t *testing.T) {
 	l := New()
 	l.PushFront(1)
@@ -80,87 +116,89 @@ func TestBasic(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestList(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{})
 
-	// Single element list
-	e := l.PushFront("a")
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e})
-	l.MoveToFront(e)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e})
-	l.MoveToBack(e)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e})
-	l.Remove(e)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{})
-
-	// Bigger list
-	e2 := l.PushFront(2)
-	e1 := l.PushFront(1)
-	e3 := l.PushBack(3)
-	e4 := l.PushBack("banana")
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
-
-	l.Remove(e2)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e3, e4})
-
-	l.MoveToFront(e3) // move from middle
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e3, e1, e4})
-
-	l.MoveToFront(e1)
-	l.MoveToBack(e3) // move from middle
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3})
-
-	l.MoveToFront(e3) // move from back
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e3, e1, e4})
-	l.MoveToFront(e3) // should be no-op
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e3, e1, e4})
-
-	l.MoveToBack(e3) // move from front
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3})
-	l.MoveToBack(e3) // should be no-op
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3})
-
-	e2 = l.InsertBefore(e1, 2) // insert before front
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e2, e1, e4, e3})
-	l.Remove(e2)
-	e2 = l.InsertBefore(e4, 2) // insert before middle
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e4, e3})
-	l.Remove(e2)
-	e2 = l.InsertBefore(e3, 2) // insert before back
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e2, e3})
-	l.Remove(e2)
-
-	e2 = l.InsertAfter(e1, 2) // insert after front
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e4, e3})
-	l.Remove(e2)
-	e2 = l.InsertAfter(e4, 2) // insert after middle
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e2, e3})
-	l.Remove(e2)
-	e2 = l.InsertAfter(e3, 2) // insert after back
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3, e2})
-	l.Remove(e2)
-
-	// Check standard iteration.
-	sum := 0
-	for e := l.Front(); e != nil; e = e.Next() {
-		if i, ok := e.Value.(int); ok {
-			sum += i
-		}
-	}
-	if sum != 4 {
-		t.Errorf("sum over l = %d, want 4", sum)
-	}
-
-	// Clear all elements by iterating
-	var next *Element
-	for e := l.Front(); e != nil; e = next {
-		next = e.Next()
+		// Single element list
+		e := l.PushFront("a")
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e})
+		l.MoveToFront(e)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e})
+		l.MoveToBack(e)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e})
 		l.Remove(e)
-	}
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{})
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{})
+
+		// Bigger list
+		e2 := l.PushFront(2)
+		e1 := l.PushFront(1)
+		e3 := l.PushBack(3)
+		e4 := l.PushBack("banana")
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
+
+		l.Remove(e2)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e3, e4})
+
+		l.MoveToFront(e3) // move from middle
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e3, e1, e4})
+
+		l.MoveToFront(e1)
+		l.MoveToBack(e3) // move from middle
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3})
+
+		l.MoveToFront(e3) // move from back
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e3, e1, e4})
+		l.MoveToFront(e3) // should be no-op
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e3, e1, e4})
+
+		l.MoveToBack(e3) // move from front
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3})
+		l.MoveToBack(e3) // should be no-op
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3})
+
+		e2 = l.InsertBefore(e1, 2) // insert before front
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e2, e1, e4, e3})
+		l.Remove(e2)
+		e2 = l.InsertBefore(e4, 2) // insert before middle
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e4, e3})
+		l.Remove(e2)
+		e2 = l.InsertBefore(e3, 2) // insert before back
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e2, e3})
+		l.Remove(e2)
+
+		e2 = l.InsertAfter(e1, 2) // insert after front
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e4, e3})
+		l.Remove(e2)
+		e2 = l.InsertAfter(e4, 2) // insert after middle
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e2, e3})
+		l.Remove(e2)
+		e2 = l.InsertAfter(e3, 2) // insert after back
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e3, e2})
+		l.Remove(e2)
+
+		// Check standard iteration.
+		sum := 0
+		for e := l.Front(); e != nil; e = e.Next() {
+			if i, ok := e.Value.(int); ok {
+				sum += i
+			}
+		}
+		if sum != 4 {
+			t.Errorf("sum over l = %d, want 4", sum)
+		}
+
+		// Clear all elements by iterating
+		var next *Element
+		for e := l.Front(); e != nil; e = next {
+			next = e.Next()
+			l.Remove(e)
+		}
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{})
+	})
 }
 
-func checkList(t *testing.T, l *List, es []interface{}) {
+func checkList(t *gtest.T, l *List, es []interface{}) {
 	if !checkListLen(t, l, len(es)) {
 		return
 	}
@@ -193,60 +231,64 @@ func checkList(t *testing.T, l *List, es []interface{}) {
 }
 
 func TestExtending(t *testing.T) {
-	l1 := New()
-	l2 := New()
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l1 := New()
+		l2 := New()
 
-	l1.PushBack(1)
-	l1.PushBack(2)
-	l1.PushBack(3)
+		l1.PushBack(1)
+		l1.PushBack(2)
+		l1.PushBack(3)
 
-	l2.PushBack(4)
-	l2.PushBack(5)
+		l2.PushBack(4)
+		l2.PushBack(5)
 
-	l3 := New()
-	l3.PushBackList(l1)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-	l3.PushBackList(l2)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+		l3 := New()
+		l3.PushBackList(l1)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		l3.PushBackList(l2)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
 
-	l3 = New()
-	l3.PushFrontList(l2)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{4, 5})
-	l3.PushFrontList(l1)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+		l3 = New()
+		l3.PushFrontList(l2)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{4, 5})
+		l3.PushFrontList(l1)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
 
-	checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-	checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{4, 5})
+		checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{4, 5})
 
-	l3 = New()
-	l3.PushBackList(l1)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-	l3.PushBackList(l3)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3})
+		l3 = New()
+		l3.PushBackList(l1)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		l3.PushBackList(l3)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3})
 
-	l3 = New()
-	l3.PushFrontList(l1)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-	l3.PushFrontList(l3)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3})
+		l3 = New()
+		l3.PushFrontList(l1)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		l3.PushFrontList(l3)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3})
 
-	l3 = New()
-	l1.PushBackList(l3)
-	checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
-	l1.PushFrontList(l3)
-	checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		l3 = New()
+		l1.PushBackList(l3)
+		checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		l1.PushFrontList(l3)
+		checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestRemove(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	e1 := l.PushBack(1)
-	e2 := l.PushBack(2)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2})
-	//e := l.Front()
-	//l.Remove(e)
-	//checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e2})
-	//l.Remove(e)
-	//checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e2})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		e1 := l.PushBack(1)
+		e2 := l.PushBack(2)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2})
+		//e := l.Front()
+		//l.Remove(e)
+		//checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e2})
+		//l.Remove(e)
+		//checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e2})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestIssue4103(t *testing.T) {
@@ -289,375 +331,427 @@ func TestIssue6349(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestMove(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	e1 := l.PushBack(1)
-	e2 := l.PushBack(2)
-	e3 := l.PushBack(3)
-	e4 := l.PushBack(4)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		e1 := l.PushBack(1)
+		e2 := l.PushBack(2)
+		e3 := l.PushBack(3)
+		e4 := l.PushBack(4)
 
-	l.MoveAfter(e3, e3)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
-	l.MoveBefore(e2, e2)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
+		l.MoveAfter(e3, e3)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
+		l.MoveBefore(e2, e2)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
 
-	l.MoveAfter(e3, e2)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
-	l.MoveBefore(e2, e3)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
+		l.MoveAfter(e3, e2)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
+		l.MoveBefore(e2, e3)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e2, e3, e4})
 
-	l.MoveBefore(e2, e4)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e3, e2, e4})
-	e2, e3 = e3, e2
+		l.MoveBefore(e2, e4)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e3, e2, e4})
+		e2, e3 = e3, e2
 
-	l.MoveBefore(e4, e1)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e4, e1, e2, e3})
-	e1, e2, e3, e4 = e4, e1, e2, e3
+		l.MoveBefore(e4, e1)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e4, e1, e2, e3})
+		e1, e2, e3, e4 = e4, e1, e2, e3
 
-	l.MoveAfter(e4, e1)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e2, e3})
-	e2, e3, e4 = e4, e2, e3
+		l.MoveAfter(e4, e1)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e4, e2, e3})
+		e2, e3, e4 = e4, e2, e3
 
-	l.MoveAfter(e2, e3)
-	checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e3, e2, e4})
-	e2, e3 = e3, e2
+		l.MoveAfter(e2, e3)
+		checkListPointers(t, l, []*Element{e1, e3, e2, e4})
+		e2, e3 = e3, e2
+	})
 }
 
 // Test PushFront, PushBack, PushFrontList, PushBackList with uninitialized List
 func TestZeroList(t *testing.T) {
-	var l1 = New()
-	l1.PushFront(1)
-	checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var l1 = New()
+		l1.PushFront(1)
+		checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1})
 
-	var l2 = New()
-	l2.PushBack(1)
-	checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{1})
+		var l2 = New()
+		l2.PushBack(1)
+		checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{1})
 
-	var l3 = New()
-	l3.PushFrontList(l1)
-	checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1})
+		var l3 = New()
+		l3.PushFrontList(l1)
+		checkList(t, l3, []interface{}{1})
 
-	var l4 = New()
-	l4.PushBackList(l2)
-	checkList(t, l4, []interface{}{1})
+		var l4 = New()
+		l4.PushBackList(l2)
+		checkList(t, l4, []interface{}{1})
+	})
 }
 
 // Test that a list l is not modified when calling InsertBefore with a mark that is not an element of l.
 func TestInsertBeforeUnknownMark(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	l.PushBack(1)
-	l.PushBack(2)
-	l.PushBack(3)
-	l.InsertBefore(new(Element), 1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		l.PushBack(1)
+		l.PushBack(2)
+		l.PushBack(3)
+		l.InsertBefore(new(Element), 1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+	})
 }
 
 // Test that a list l is not modified when calling InsertAfter with a mark that is not an element of l.
 func TestInsertAfterUnknownMark(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	l.PushBack(1)
-	l.PushBack(2)
-	l.PushBack(3)
-	l.InsertAfter(new(Element), 1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		l.PushBack(1)
+		l.PushBack(2)
+		l.PushBack(3)
+		l.InsertAfter(new(Element), 1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+	})
 }
 
 // Test that a list l is not modified when calling MoveAfter or MoveBefore with a mark that is not an element of l.
 func TestMoveUnknownMark(t *testing.T) {
-	l1 := New()
-	e1 := l1.PushBack(1)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l1 := New()
+		e1 := l1.PushBack(1)
 
-	l2 := New()
-	e2 := l2.PushBack(2)
+		l2 := New()
+		e2 := l2.PushBack(2)
 
-	l1.MoveAfter(e1, e2)
-	checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1})
-	checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{2})
+		l1.MoveAfter(e1, e2)
+		checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1})
+		checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{2})
 
-	l1.MoveBefore(e1, e2)
-	checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1})
-	checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{2})
+		l1.MoveBefore(e1, e2)
+		checkList(t, l1, []interface{}{1})
+		checkList(t, l2, []interface{}{2})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_RemoveAll(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	l.PushBack(1)
-	l.RemoveAll()
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{})
-	l.PushBack(2)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{2})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		l.PushBack(1)
+		l.RemoveAll()
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{})
+		l.PushBack(2)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{2})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_PushFronts(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{2, 1})
-	a1 = []interface{}{3, 4, 5}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{5, 4, 3, 2, 1})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{2, 1})
+		a1 = []interface{}{3, 4, 5}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{5, 4, 3, 2, 1})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_PushBacks(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2}
-	l.PushBacks(a1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2})
-	a1 = []interface{}{3, 4, 5}
-	l.PushBacks(a1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2}
+		l.PushBacks(a1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2})
+		a1 = []interface{}{3, 4, 5}
+		l.PushBacks(a1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_PopBacks(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		l := New()
 		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
 		a2 := []interface{}{"a", "c", "b", "e"}
 		l.PushFronts(a1)
 		i1 := l.PopBacks(2)
-		gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{1, 2})
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{1, 2})
 
 		l.PushBacks(a2) //4.3,a,c,b,e
 		i1 = l.PopBacks(3)
-		gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{"e", "b", "c"})
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{"e", "b", "c"})
 	})
 }
 
 func TestList_PopFronts(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.PopFronts(2)
-	gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{4, 3})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 2)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.PopFronts(2)
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{4, 3})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 2)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_PopBackAll(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.PopBackAll()
-	gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 0)
-
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.PopBackAll()
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 0)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_PopFrontAll(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.PopFrontAll()
-	gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{4, 3, 2, 1})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 0)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.PopFrontAll()
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{4, 3, 2, 1})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 0)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_FrontAll(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.FrontAll()
-	gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{4, 3, 2, 1})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.FrontAll()
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{4, 3, 2, 1})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_BackAll(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.BackAll()
-	gtest.Assert(i1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.BackAll()
+		t.Assert(i1, []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_FrontValue(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	l2 := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.FrontValue()
-	gtest.Assert(gconv.Int(i1), 4)
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		l2 := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.FrontValue()
+		t.Assert(gconv.Int(i1), 4)
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
 
-	i1 = l2.FrontValue()
-	gtest.Assert(i1, nil)
+		i1 = l2.FrontValue()
+		t.Assert(i1, nil)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_BackValue(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	l2 := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	i1 := l.BackValue()
-	gtest.Assert(gconv.Int(i1), 1)
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
-
-	i1 = l2.FrontValue()
-	gtest.Assert(i1, nil)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		l2 := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		i1 := l.BackValue()
+		t.Assert(gconv.Int(i1), 1)
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
 
+		i1 = l2.FrontValue()
+		t.Assert(i1, nil)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Back(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	e1 := l.Back()
-	gtest.Assert(e1.Value, 1)
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		e1 := l.Back()
+		t.Assert(e1.Value, 1)
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Size(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	gtest.Assert(l.Size(), 4)
-	l.PopFront()
-	gtest.Assert(l.Size(), 3)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		t.Assert(l.Size(), 4)
+		l.PopFront()
+		t.Assert(l.Size(), 3)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Removes(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	e1 := l.Back()
-	l.Removes([]*Element{e1})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 3)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		e1 := l.Back()
+		l.Removes([]*Element{e1})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 3)
 
-	e2 := l.Back()
-	l.Removes([]*Element{e2})
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 2)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3})
+		e2 := l.Back()
+		l.Removes([]*Element{e2})
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 2)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3})
+	})
+}
 
+func TestList_Pop(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+		t.Assert(l.PopBack(), 9)
+		t.Assert(l.PopBacks(2), []interface{}{8, 7})
+		t.Assert(l.PopFront(), 1)
+		t.Assert(l.PopFronts(2), []interface{}{2, 3})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Clear(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	l.Clear()
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 0)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		l.Clear()
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 0)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_IteratorAsc(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 5, 6, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	e1 := l.Back()
-	fun1 := func(e *Element) bool {
-		if gconv.Int(e1.Value) > 2 {
-			return true
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 5, 6, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		e1 := l.Back()
+		fun1 := func(e *Element) bool {
+			if gconv.Int(e1.Value) > 2 {
+				return true
+			}
+			return false
 		}
-		return false
-	}
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3, 6, 5, 2, 1})
-	l.IteratorAsc(fun1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3, 6, 5, 2, 1})
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3, 6, 5, 2, 1})
+		l.IteratorAsc(fun1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3, 6, 5, 2, 1})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_IteratorDesc(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	e1 := l.Back()
-	fun1 := func(e *Element) bool {
-		if gconv.Int(e1.Value) > 6 {
-			return true
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{1, 2, 3, 4}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		e1 := l.Back()
+		fun1 := func(e *Element) bool {
+			if gconv.Int(e1.Value) > 6 {
+				return true
+			}
+			return false
 		}
-		return false
-	}
-	l.IteratorDesc(fun1)
-	gtest.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3, 2, 1})
+		l.IteratorDesc(fun1)
+		t.Assert(l.Len(), 4)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{4, 3, 2, 1})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
-	l := New()
-	a1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}
-	l.PushFronts(a1)
-	e1 := l.Back()
-	fun1 := func(e *Element) bool {
-		if gconv.String(e1.Value) > "c" {
-			return true
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		l := New()
+		a1 := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}
+		l.PushFronts(a1)
+		e1 := l.Back()
+		fun1 := func(e *Element) bool {
+			if gconv.String(e1.Value) > "c" {
+				return true
+			}
+			return false
 		}
-		return false
-	}
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{"e", "d", "c", "b", "a"})
-	l.Iterator(fun1)
-	checkList(t, l, []interface{}{"e", "d", "c", "b", "a"})
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{"e", "d", "c", "b", "a"})
+		l.Iterator(fun1)
+		checkList(t, l, []interface{}{"e", "d", "c", "b", "a"})
+	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Join(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		l := NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, "a", `"b"`, `\c`})
-		gtest.Assert(l.Join(","), `1,2,"a","\"b\"","\\c"`)
-		gtest.Assert(l.Join("."), `1.2."a"."\"b\""."\\c"`)
+		t.Assert(l.Join(","), `1,2,a,"b",\c`)
+		t.Assert(l.Join("."), `1.2.a."b".\c`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestList_String(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		l := NewFrom([]interface{}{1, 2, "a", `"b"`, `\c`})
-		gtest.Assert(l.String(), `[1,2,"a","\"b\"","\\c"]`)
+		t.Assert(l.String(), `[1,2,a,"b",\c]`)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestList_Json(t *testing.T) {
 	// Marshal
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c"}
 		l := New()
 		l.PushBacks(a)
 		b1, err1 := json.Marshal(l)
 		b2, err2 := json.Marshal(a)
-		gtest.Assert(err1, err2)
-		gtest.Assert(b1, b2)
+		t.Assert(err1, err2)
+		t.Assert(b1, b2)
 	})
 	// Unmarshal
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		a := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c"}
 		l := New()
 		b, err := json.Marshal(a)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, l)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(l.FrontAll(), a)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(l.FrontAll(), a)
 	})
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		var l List
 		a := []interface{}{"a", "b", "c"}
 		b, err := json.Marshal(a)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
 
 		err = json.Unmarshal(b, &l)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(l.FrontAll(), a)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(l.FrontAll(), a)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestList_UnmarshalValue(t *testing.T) {
-	type T struct {
+	type TList struct {
 		Name string
 		List *List
 	}
 	// JSON
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var tlist *TList
 		err := gconv.Struct(map[string]interface{}{
 			"name": "john",
 			"list": []byte(`[1,2,3]`),
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.List.FrontAll(), []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &tlist)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(tlist.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(tlist.List.FrontAll(), []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 	// Map
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
-		var t *T
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var tlist *TList
 		err := gconv.Struct(map[string]interface{}{
 			"name": "john",
 			"list": []interface{}{1, 2, 3},
-		}, &t)
-		gtest.Assert(err, nil)
-		gtest.Assert(t.Name, "john")
-		gtest.Assert(t.List.FrontAll(), []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
+		}, &tlist)
+		t.Assert(err, nil)
+		t.Assert(tlist.Name, "john")
+		t.Assert(tlist.List.FrontAll(), []interface{}{1, 2, 3})
 	})
 }

container/gmap/gmap.go

@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@
 // If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with gm file,
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
 
-// Package gmap provides concurrent-safe/unsafe map containers.
+// Package gmap provides most commonly used map container which also support concurrent-safe/unsafe switch feature.
 package gmap
 
-// Map based on hash table, alias of AnyAnyMap.
-type Map = AnyAnyMap
-type HashMap = AnyAnyMap
+type (
+	Map     = AnyAnyMap // Map is alias of AnyAnyMap.
+	HashMap = AnyAnyMap // HashMap is alias of AnyAnyMap.
+)
 
 // New creates and returns an empty hash map.
 // The parameter <safe> is used to specify whether using map in concurrent-safety,

container/gmap/gmap_hash_any_any_map.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type AnyAnyMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[interface{}]interface{}
 }
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ type AnyAnyMap struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewAnyAnyMap(safe ...bool) *AnyAnyMap {
 	return &AnyAnyMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[interface{}]interface{}),
 	}
 }
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ func NewAnyAnyMap(safe ...bool) *AnyAnyMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewAnyAnyMapFrom(data map[interface{}]interface{}, safe ...bool) *AnyAnyMap {
 	return &AnyAnyMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Iterator(f func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -89,37 +89,56 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) MapCopy() map[interface{}]interface{} {
 // MapStrAny returns a copy of the underlying data of the map as map[string]interface{}.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) MapStrAny() map[string]interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
 	data := make(map[string]interface{}, len(m.data))
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		data[gconv.String(k)] = v
 	}
-	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return data
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		if empty.IsEmpty(v) {
 			delete(m.data, k)
 		}
 	}
-	m.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// FilterNil deletes all key-value pair of which the value is nil.
+func (m *AnyAnyMap) FilterNil() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	for k, v := range m.data {
+		if empty.IsNil(v) {
+			delete(m.data, k)
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
-func (m *AnyAnyMap) Set(key interface{}, val interface{}) {
+func (m *AnyAnyMap) Set(key interface{}, value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	m.data[key] = val
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]interface{})
+	}
+	m.data[key] = value
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Sets(data map[interface{}]interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -128,17 +147,21 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) Sets(data map[interface{}]interface{}) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Search(key interface{}) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *AnyAnyMap) Get(key interface{}) interface{} {
+func (m *AnyAnyMap) Get(key interface{}) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -163,8 +186,10 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) Pops(size int) map[interface{}]interface{} {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[interface{}]interface{}, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[interface{}]interface{}, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -188,6 +213,9 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) Pops(size int) map[interface{}]interface{} {
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key interface{}, value interface{}) interface{} {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]interface{})
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		return v
 	}
@@ -235,26 +263,26 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) inte
 	}
 }
 
-// GetVar returns a gvar.Var with the value by given <key>.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVar returns a Var with the value by given <key>.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) GetVar(key interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.Get(key))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSet returns a gvar.Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSet returns a Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) GetVarOrSet(key interface{}, value interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSet(key, value))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) GetVarOrSetFunc(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFunc(key, f))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) GetVarOrSetFuncLock(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFuncLock(key, f))
 }
@@ -293,21 +321,25 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key interface{}, f func() interface{})
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *AnyAnyMap) Remove(key interface{}) interface{} {
+func (m *AnyAnyMap) Remove(key interface{}) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Removes(keys []interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -315,36 +347,43 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) Removes(keys []interface{}) {
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Keys() []interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
 	}
-	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return keys
 }
 
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Values() []interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+	var (
+		values = make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
 	}
-	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return values
 }
 
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Contains(key interface{}) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -405,6 +444,10 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) Flip() {
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) Merge(other *AnyAnyMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -414,6 +457,12 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) Merge(other *AnyAnyMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *AnyAnyMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	return json.Marshal(gconv.Map(m.Map()))
@@ -421,12 +470,11 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[interface{}]interface{})
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]interface{})
+	}
 	var data map[string]interface{}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &data); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -439,12 +487,11 @@ func (m *AnyAnyMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *AnyAnyMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[interface{}]interface{})
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]interface{})
+	}
 	for k, v := range gconv.Map(value) {
 		m.data[k] = v
 	}

container/gmap/gmap_hash_int_any_map.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type IntAnyMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[int]interface{}
 }
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ type IntAnyMap struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewIntAnyMap(safe ...bool) *IntAnyMap {
 	return &IntAnyMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[int]interface{}),
 	}
 }
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ func NewIntAnyMap(safe ...bool) *IntAnyMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewIntAnyMapFrom(data map[int]interface{}, safe ...bool) *IntAnyMap {
 	return &IntAnyMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Iterator(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Iterator(f func(k int, v interface{}) bool) {
 
 // Clone returns a new hash map with copy of current map data.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Clone() *IntAnyMap {
-	return NewIntAnyMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), !m.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewIntAnyMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), m.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Map returns the underlying data map.
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) MapCopy() map[int]interface{} {
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
@@ -108,9 +109,23 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
+// FilterNil deletes all key-value pair of which the value is nil.
+func (m *IntAnyMap) FilterNil() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	for k, v := range m.data {
+		if empty.IsNil(v) {
+			delete(m.data, k)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Set(key int, val interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]interface{})
+	}
 	m.data[key] = val
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -118,8 +133,12 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Set(key int, val interface{}) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Sets(data map[int]interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -128,17 +147,21 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Sets(data map[int]interface{}) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Search(key int) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *IntAnyMap) Get(key int) interface{} {
+func (m *IntAnyMap) Get(key int) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -163,8 +186,10 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Pops(size int) map[int]interface{} {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[int]interface{}, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[int]interface{}, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -188,6 +213,9 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Pops(size int) map[int]interface{} {
 func (m *IntAnyMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key int, value interface{}) interface{} {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]interface{})
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		return v
 	}
@@ -233,26 +261,26 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key int, f func() interface{}) interface{}
 	}
 }
 
-// GetVar returns a gvar.Var with the value by given <key>.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVar returns a Var with the value by given <key>.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) GetVar(key int) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.Get(key))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSet returns a gvar.Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSet returns a Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) GetVarOrSet(key int, value interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSet(key, value))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) GetVarOrSetFunc(key int, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFunc(key, f))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) GetVarOrSetFuncLock(key int, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFuncLock(key, f))
 }
@@ -293,28 +321,34 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key int, f func() interface{}) bool {
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Removes(keys []int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *IntAnyMap) Remove(key int) interface{} {
+func (m *IntAnyMap) Remove(key int) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Keys() []int {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]int, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]int, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
@@ -326,8 +360,10 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Keys() []int {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Values() []interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		values = make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
@@ -339,10 +375,13 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Values() []interface{} {
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Contains(key int) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -403,6 +442,10 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Flip() {
 func (m *IntAnyMap) Merge(other *IntAnyMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -412,6 +455,12 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) Merge(other *IntAnyMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *IntAnyMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -421,12 +470,11 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[int]interface{})
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]interface{})
+	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &m.data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -435,12 +483,11 @@ func (m *IntAnyMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *IntAnyMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[int]interface{})
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]interface{})
+	}
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case string, []byte:
 		return json.Unmarshal(gconv.Bytes(value), &m.data)

container/gmap/gmap_hash_int_int_map.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type IntIntMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[int]int
 }
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ type IntIntMap struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewIntIntMap(safe ...bool) *IntIntMap {
 	return &IntIntMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[int]int),
 	}
 }
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ func NewIntIntMap(safe ...bool) *IntIntMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewIntIntMapFrom(data map[int]int, safe ...bool) *IntIntMap {
 	return &IntIntMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Iterator(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Iterator(f func(k int, v int) bool) {
 
 // Clone returns a new hash map with copy of current map data.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Clone() *IntIntMap {
-	return NewIntIntMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), !m.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewIntIntMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), m.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Map returns the underlying data map.
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) MapCopy() map[int]int {
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *IntIntMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
@@ -109,6 +110,9 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) FilterEmpty() {
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Set(key int, val int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]int)
+	}
 	m.data[key] = val
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -116,8 +120,12 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Set(key int, val int) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Sets(data map[int]int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -126,17 +134,21 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Sets(data map[int]int) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Search(key int) (value int, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *IntIntMap) Get(key int) int {
+func (m *IntIntMap) Get(key int) (value int) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -161,8 +173,10 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Pops(size int) map[int]int {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[int]int, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[int]int, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -181,12 +195,14 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Pops(size int) map[int]int {
 // It returns value with given <key>.
 func (m *IntIntMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key int, value int) int {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]int)
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
-		m.mu.Unlock()
 		return v
 	}
 	m.data[key] = value
-	m.mu.Unlock()
 	return value
 }
 
@@ -219,6 +235,9 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key int, f func() int) int {
 	if v, ok := m.Search(key); !ok {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[int]int)
+		}
 		if v, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
 			return v
 		}
@@ -259,6 +278,9 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key int, f func() int) bool {
 	if !m.Contains(key) {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[int]int)
+		}
 		if _, ok := m.data[key]; !ok {
 			m.data[key] = f()
 		}
@@ -270,28 +292,34 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key int, f func() int) bool {
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Removes(keys []int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *IntIntMap) Remove(key int) int {
+func (m *IntIntMap) Remove(key int) (value int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Keys() []int {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]int, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]int, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
@@ -303,8 +331,10 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Keys() []int {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Values() []int {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]int, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		values = make([]int, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
@@ -316,10 +346,13 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Values() []int {
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *IntIntMap) Contains(key int) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -380,6 +413,10 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Flip() {
 func (m *IntIntMap) Merge(other *IntIntMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -389,6 +426,12 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) Merge(other *IntIntMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *IntIntMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *IntIntMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -398,12 +441,11 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *IntIntMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[int]int)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]int)
+	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &m.data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -412,12 +454,11 @@ func (m *IntIntMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *IntIntMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[int]int)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]int)
+	}
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case string, []byte:
 		return json.Unmarshal(gconv.Bytes(value), &m.data)

container/gmap/gmap_hash_int_str_map.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
 
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type IntStrMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[int]string
 }
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ type IntStrMap struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewIntStrMap(safe ...bool) *IntStrMap {
 	return &IntStrMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[int]string),
 	}
 }
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ func NewIntStrMap(safe ...bool) *IntStrMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewIntStrMapFrom(data map[int]string, safe ...bool) *IntStrMap {
 	return &IntStrMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Iterator(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Iterator(f func(k int, v string) bool) {
 
 // Clone returns a new hash map with copy of current map data.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Clone() *IntStrMap {
-	return NewIntStrMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), !m.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewIntStrMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), m.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Map returns the underlying data map.
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) MapCopy() map[int]string {
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *IntStrMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
@@ -109,6 +110,9 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) FilterEmpty() {
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Set(key int, val string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]string)
+	}
 	m.data[key] = val
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -116,8 +120,12 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Set(key int, val string) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Sets(data map[int]string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -126,17 +134,21 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Sets(data map[int]string) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Search(key int) (value string, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *IntStrMap) Get(key int) string {
+func (m *IntStrMap) Get(key int) (value string) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -161,8 +173,10 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Pops(size int) map[int]string {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[int]string, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[int]string, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -182,6 +196,9 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Pops(size int) map[int]string {
 func (m *IntStrMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key int, value string) string {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]string)
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		return v
 	}
@@ -218,13 +235,14 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key int, f func() string) string {
 	if v, ok := m.Search(key); !ok {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[int]string)
+		}
 		if v, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
 			return v
 		}
 		v = f()
-		if v != "" {
-			m.data[key] = v
-		}
+		m.data[key] = v
 		return v
 	} else {
 		return v
@@ -260,6 +278,9 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key int, f func() string) bool {
 	if !m.Contains(key) {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[int]string)
+		}
 		if _, ok := m.data[key]; !ok {
 			m.data[key] = f()
 		}
@@ -271,28 +292,34 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key int, f func() string) bool {
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Removes(keys []int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *IntStrMap) Remove(key int) string {
+func (m *IntStrMap) Remove(key int) (value string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Keys() []int {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]int, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]int, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
@@ -304,8 +331,10 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Keys() []int {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Values() []string {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]string, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		values = make([]string, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
@@ -317,10 +346,13 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Values() []string {
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *IntStrMap) Contains(key int) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -381,6 +413,10 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Flip() {
 func (m *IntStrMap) Merge(other *IntStrMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -390,6 +426,12 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) Merge(other *IntStrMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *IntStrMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *IntStrMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -399,12 +441,11 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *IntStrMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[int]string)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]string)
+	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &m.data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -413,12 +454,11 @@ func (m *IntStrMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *IntStrMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[int]string)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[int]string)
+	}
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case string, []byte:
 		return json.Unmarshal(gconv.Bytes(value), &m.data)

container/gmap/gmap_hash_str_any_map.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type StrAnyMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[string]interface{}
 }
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ type StrAnyMap struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewStrAnyMap(safe ...bool) *StrAnyMap {
 	return &StrAnyMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[string]interface{}),
 	}
 }
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ func NewStrAnyMap(safe ...bool) *StrAnyMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewStrAnyMapFrom(data map[string]interface{}, safe ...bool) *StrAnyMap {
 	return &StrAnyMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Iterator(f func(k string, v interface{}) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Iterator(f func(k string, v interface{}) bool) {
 
 // Clone returns a new hash map with copy of current map data.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Clone() *StrAnyMap {
-	return NewStrAnyMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), !m.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewStrAnyMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), m.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Map returns the underlying data map.
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) MapCopy() map[string]interface{} {
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
@@ -102,9 +103,23 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
+// FilterNil deletes all key-value pair of which the value is nil.
+func (m *StrAnyMap) FilterNil() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	for k, v := range m.data {
+		if empty.IsNil(v) {
+			delete(m.data, k)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Set(key string, val interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]interface{})
+	}
 	m.data[key] = val
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -112,8 +127,12 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Set(key string, val interface{}) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Sets(data map[string]interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -122,17 +141,21 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Sets(data map[string]interface{}) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Search(key string) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *StrAnyMap) Get(key string) interface{} {
+func (m *StrAnyMap) Get(key string) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -157,8 +180,10 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Pops(size int) map[string]interface{} {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[string]interface{}, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[string]interface{}, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -182,6 +207,9 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Pops(size int) map[string]interface{} {
 func (m *StrAnyMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key string, value interface{}) interface{} {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]interface{})
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		return v
 	}
@@ -229,26 +257,26 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key string, f func() interface{}) interface
 	}
 }
 
-// GetVar returns a gvar.Var with the value by given <key>.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVar returns a Var with the value by given <key>.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) GetVar(key string) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.Get(key))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSet returns a gvar.Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSet returns a Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) GetVarOrSet(key string, value interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSet(key, value))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) GetVarOrSetFunc(key string, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFunc(key, f))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) GetVarOrSetFuncLock(key string, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFuncLock(key, f))
 }
@@ -289,28 +317,34 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key string, f func() interface{}) bool
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Removes(keys []string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *StrAnyMap) Remove(key string) interface{} {
+func (m *StrAnyMap) Remove(key string) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Keys() []string {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]string, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]string, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
@@ -322,8 +356,10 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Keys() []string {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Values() []interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		values = make([]interface{}, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
@@ -335,10 +371,13 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Values() []interface{} {
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Contains(key string) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -399,6 +438,10 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Flip() {
 func (m *StrAnyMap) Merge(other *StrAnyMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -408,6 +451,12 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) Merge(other *StrAnyMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *StrAnyMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -417,12 +466,11 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[string]interface{})
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]interface{})
+	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &m.data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -431,10 +479,6 @@ func (m *StrAnyMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *StrAnyMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[string]interface{})
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
 	m.data = gconv.Map(value)

container/gmap/gmap_hash_str_int_map.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/rwmutex"
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type StrIntMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[string]int
 }
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ type StrIntMap struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewStrIntMap(safe ...bool) *StrIntMap {
 	return &StrIntMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[string]int),
 	}
 }
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ func NewStrIntMap(safe ...bool) *StrIntMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewStrIntMapFrom(data map[string]int, safe ...bool) *StrIntMap {
 	return &StrIntMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Iterator(f func(k string, v int) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Iterator(f func(k string, v int) bool) {
 
 // Clone returns a new hash map with copy of current map data.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Clone() *StrIntMap {
-	return NewStrIntMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), !m.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewStrIntMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), m.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Map returns the underlying data map.
@@ -76,11 +76,11 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Map() map[string]int {
 // MapStrAny returns a copy of the underlying data of the map as map[string]interface{}.
 func (m *StrIntMap) MapStrAny() map[string]interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
 	data := make(map[string]interface{}, len(m.data))
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		data[k] = v
 	}
-	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return data
 }
 
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) MapCopy() map[string]int {
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *StrIntMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
@@ -109,6 +110,9 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) FilterEmpty() {
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Set(key string, val int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]int)
+	}
 	m.data[key] = val
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -116,8 +120,12 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Set(key string, val int) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Sets(data map[string]int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -126,17 +134,21 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Sets(data map[string]int) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Search(key string) (value int, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *StrIntMap) Get(key string) int {
+func (m *StrIntMap) Get(key string) (value int) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -161,8 +173,10 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Pops(size int) map[string]int {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[string]int, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[string]int, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -181,6 +195,9 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Pops(size int) map[string]int {
 // It returns value with given <key>.
 func (m *StrIntMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key string, value int) int {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]int)
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		m.mu.Unlock()
 		return v
@@ -221,6 +238,9 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key string, f func() int) int {
 	if v, ok := m.Search(key); !ok {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[string]int)
+		}
 		if v, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
 			return v
 		}
@@ -261,6 +281,9 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key string, f func() int) bool {
 	if !m.Contains(key) {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[string]int)
+		}
 		if _, ok := m.data[key]; !ok {
 			m.data[key] = f()
 		}
@@ -272,28 +295,34 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key string, f func() int) bool {
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Removes(keys []string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *StrIntMap) Remove(key string) int {
+func (m *StrIntMap) Remove(key string) (value int) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Keys() []string {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]string, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]string, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
@@ -305,8 +334,10 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Keys() []string {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Values() []int {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]int, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		values = make([]int, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
@@ -318,10 +349,13 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Values() []int {
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *StrIntMap) Contains(key string) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -382,6 +416,10 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Flip() {
 func (m *StrIntMap) Merge(other *StrIntMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -391,6 +429,12 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) Merge(other *StrIntMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *StrIntMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *StrIntMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -400,12 +444,11 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *StrIntMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[string]int)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]int)
+	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &m.data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -414,12 +457,11 @@ func (m *StrIntMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *StrIntMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[string]int)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]int)
+	}
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case string, []byte:
 		return json.Unmarshal(gconv.Bytes(value), &m.data)

container/gmap/gmap_hash_str_str_map.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gconv"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type StrStrMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[string]string
 }
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ type StrStrMap struct {
 func NewStrStrMap(safe ...bool) *StrStrMap {
 	return &StrStrMap{
 		data: make(map[string]string),
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ func NewStrStrMap(safe ...bool) *StrStrMap {
 // there might be some concurrent-safe issues when changing the map outside.
 func NewStrStrMapFrom(data map[string]string, safe ...bool) *StrStrMap {
 	return &StrStrMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: data,
 	}
 }
 
-// Iterator iterates the hash map with custom callback function <f>.
+// Iterator iterates the hash map readonly with custom callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Iterator(f func(k string, v string) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Iterator(f func(k string, v string) bool) {
 
 // Clone returns a new hash map with copy of current map data.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Clone() *StrStrMap {
-	return NewStrStrMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), !m.mu.IsSafe())
+	return NewStrStrMapFrom(m.MapCopy(), m.mu.IsSafe())
 }
 
 // Map returns the underlying data map.
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) MapCopy() map[string]string {
 }
 
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
+// Values like: 0, nil, false, "", len(slice/map/chan) == 0 are considered empty.
 func (m *StrStrMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	for k, v := range m.data {
@@ -110,6 +111,9 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) FilterEmpty() {
 // Set sets key-value to the hash map.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Set(key string, val string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]string)
+	}
 	m.data[key] = val
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -117,8 +121,12 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Set(key string, val string) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the hash map.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Sets(data map[string]string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for k, v := range data {
-		m.data[k] = v
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = data
+	} else {
+		for k, v := range data {
+			m.data[k] = v
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
@@ -127,17 +135,21 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Sets(data map[string]string) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Search(key string) (value string, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	value, found = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, found = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
 
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
-func (m *StrStrMap) Get(key string) string {
+func (m *StrStrMap) Get(key string) (value string) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	val, _ := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		value, _ = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Pop retrieves and deletes an item from the map.
@@ -162,8 +174,10 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Pops(size int) map[string]string {
 	if size == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	index := 0
-	newMap := make(map[string]string, size)
+	var (
+		index  = 0
+		newMap = make(map[string]string, size)
+	)
 	for k, v := range m.data {
 		delete(m.data, k)
 		newMap[k] = v
@@ -183,6 +197,9 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Pops(size int) map[string]string {
 func (m *StrStrMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key string, value string) string {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]string)
+	}
 	if v, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		return v
 	}
@@ -221,13 +238,14 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key string, f func() string) string {
 	if v, ok := m.Search(key); !ok {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[string]string)
+		}
 		if v, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
 			return v
 		}
 		v = f()
-		if v != "" {
-			m.data[key] = v
-		}
+		m.data[key] = v
 		return v
 	} else {
 		return v
@@ -263,6 +281,9 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key string, f func() string) bool {
 	if !m.Contains(key) {
 		m.mu.Lock()
 		defer m.mu.Unlock()
+		if m.data == nil {
+			m.data = make(map[string]string)
+		}
 		if _, ok := m.data[key]; !ok {
 			m.data[key] = f()
 		}
@@ -274,28 +295,34 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key string, f func() string) bool {
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Removes(keys []string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
-func (m *StrStrMap) Remove(key string) string {
+func (m *StrStrMap) Remove(key string) (value string) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	val, exists := m.data[key]
-	if exists {
-		delete(m.data, key)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		var ok bool
+		if value, ok = m.data[key]; ok {
+			delete(m.data, key)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
-	return val
+	return
 }
 
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Keys() []string {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]string, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]string, len(m.data))
+		index = 0
+	)
 	for key := range m.data {
 		keys[index] = key
 		index++
@@ -307,8 +334,10 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Keys() []string {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Values() []string {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]string, len(m.data))
-	index := 0
+	var (
+		values = make([]string, len(m.data))
+		index  = 0
+	)
 	for _, value := range m.data {
 		values[index] = value
 		index++
@@ -320,10 +349,13 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Values() []string {
 // Contains checks whether a key exists.
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *StrStrMap) Contains(key string) bool {
+	var ok bool
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, exists := m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
-	return exists
+	return ok
 }
 
 // Size returns the size of the map.
@@ -384,6 +416,10 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Flip() {
 func (m *StrStrMap) Merge(other *StrStrMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = other.MapCopy()
+		return
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -393,6 +429,12 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) Merge(other *StrStrMap) {
 	}
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *StrStrMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *StrStrMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
@@ -402,12 +444,11 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *StrStrMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-		m.data = make(map[string]string)
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[string]string)
+	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &m.data); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -416,9 +457,6 @@ func (m *StrStrMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *StrStrMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
-	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
 	m.data = gconv.MapStrStr(value)

container/gmap/gmap_list_map.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 package gmap
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/json"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/internal/empty"
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 type ListMap struct {
-	mu   *rwmutex.RWMutex
+	mu   rwmutex.RWMutex
 	data map[interface{}]*glist.Element
 	list *glist.List
 }
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ type gListMapNode struct {
 // which is false in default.
 func NewListMap(safe ...bool) *ListMap {
 	return &ListMap{
-		mu:   rwmutex.New(safe...),
+		mu:   rwmutex.Create(safe...),
 		data: make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element),
 		list: glist.New(),
 	}
@@ -55,28 +55,32 @@ func (m *ListMap) Iterator(f func(key, value interface{}) bool) {
 	m.IteratorAsc(f)
 }
 
-// IteratorAsc iterates the map in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorAsc iterates the map readonly in ascending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *ListMap) IteratorAsc(f func(key interface{}, value interface{}) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
 	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
-	node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
-	m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
-		return f(node.key, node.value)
-	})
+	if m.list != nil {
+		node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
+		m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
+			return f(node.key, node.value)
+		})
+	}
 }
 
-// IteratorDesc iterates the map in descending order with given callback function <f>.
+// IteratorDesc iterates the map readonly in descending order with given callback function <f>.
 // If <f> returns true, then it continues iterating; or false to stop.
 func (m *ListMap) IteratorDesc(f func(key interface{}, value interface{}) bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
 	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
-	node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
-	m.list.IteratorDesc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
-		return f(node.key, node.value)
-	})
+	if m.list != nil {
+		node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
+		m.list.IteratorDesc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
+			return f(node.key, node.value)
+		})
+	}
 }
 
 // Clone returns a new link map with copy of current map data.
@@ -110,13 +114,16 @@ func (m *ListMap) Replace(data map[interface{}]interface{}) {
 // Map returns a copy of the underlying data of the map.
 func (m *ListMap) Map() map[interface{}]interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
-	data := make(map[interface{}]interface{}, len(m.data))
-	m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
-		data[node.key] = node.value
-		return true
-	})
+	var node *gListMapNode
+	var data map[interface{}]interface{}
+	if m.list != nil {
+		data = make(map[interface{}]interface{}, len(m.data))
+		m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
+			data[node.key] = node.value
+			return true
+		})
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return data
 }
@@ -124,13 +131,16 @@ func (m *ListMap) Map() map[interface{}]interface{} {
 // MapStrAny returns a copy of the underlying data of the map as map[string]interface{}.
 func (m *ListMap) MapStrAny() map[string]interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
-	data := make(map[string]interface{}, len(m.data))
-	m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
-		data[gconv.String(node.key)] = node.value
-		return true
-	})
+	var node *gListMapNode
+	var data map[string]interface{}
+	if m.list != nil {
+		data = make(map[string]interface{}, len(m.data))
+		m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
+			data[gconv.String(node.key)] = node.value
+			return true
+		})
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return data
 }
@@ -138,20 +148,22 @@ func (m *ListMap) MapStrAny() map[string]interface{} {
 // FilterEmpty deletes all key-value pair of which the value is empty.
 func (m *ListMap) FilterEmpty() {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	keys := make([]interface{}, 0)
-	node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
-	m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
-		if empty.IsEmpty(node.value) {
-			keys = append(keys, node.key)
-		}
-		return true
-	})
-	if len(keys) > 0 {
-		for _, key := range keys {
-			if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
-				delete(m.data, key)
-				m.list.Remove(e)
+	if m.list != nil {
+		keys := make([]interface{}, 0)
+		node := (*gListMapNode)(nil)
+		m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			node = e.Value.(*gListMapNode)
+			if empty.IsEmpty(node.value) {
+				keys = append(keys, node.key)
+			}
+			return true
+		})
+		if len(keys) > 0 {
+			for _, key := range keys {
+				if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
+					delete(m.data, key)
+					m.list.Remove(e)
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -161,6 +173,10 @@ func (m *ListMap) FilterEmpty() {
 // Set sets key-value to the map.
 func (m *ListMap) Set(key interface{}, value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element)
+		m.list = glist.New()
+	}
 	if e, ok := m.data[key]; !ok {
 		m.data[key] = m.list.PushBack(&gListMapNode{key, value})
 	} else {
@@ -172,6 +188,10 @@ func (m *ListMap) Set(key interface{}, value interface{}) {
 // Sets batch sets key-values to the map.
 func (m *ListMap) Sets(data map[interface{}]interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element)
+		m.list = glist.New()
+	}
 	for key, value := range data {
 		if e, ok := m.data[key]; !ok {
 			m.data[key] = m.list.PushBack(&gListMapNode{key, value})
@@ -186,9 +206,11 @@ func (m *ListMap) Sets(data map[interface{}]interface{}) {
 // Second return parameter <found> is true if key was found, otherwise false.
 func (m *ListMap) Search(key interface{}) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
-		value = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
-		found = ok
+	if m.data != nil {
+		if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
+			value = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
+			found = ok
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
@@ -197,8 +219,10 @@ func (m *ListMap) Search(key interface{}) (value interface{}, found bool) {
 // Get returns the value by given <key>.
 func (m *ListMap) Get(key interface{}) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
-		value = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
+	if m.data != nil {
+		if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
+			value = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
@@ -255,6 +279,10 @@ func (m *ListMap) Pops(size int) map[interface{}]interface{} {
 func (m *ListMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key interface{}, value interface{}) interface{} {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element)
+		m.list = glist.New()
+	}
 	if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
 		return e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
 	}
@@ -302,26 +330,26 @@ func (m *ListMap) GetOrSetFuncLock(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) interf
 	}
 }
 
-// GetVar returns a gvar.Var with the value by given <key>.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVar returns a Var with the value by given <key>.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *ListMap) GetVar(key interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.Get(key))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSet returns a gvar.Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSet returns a Var with result from GetVarOrSet.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *ListMap) GetVarOrSet(key interface{}, value interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSet(key, value))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFunc returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFunc.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *ListMap) GetVarOrSetFunc(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFunc(key, f))
 }
 
-// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a gvar.Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
-// The returned gvar.Var is un-concurrent safe.
+// GetVarOrSetFuncLock returns a Var with result from GetOrSetFuncLock.
+// The returned Var is un-concurrent safe.
 func (m *ListMap) GetVarOrSetFuncLock(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) *gvar.Var {
 	return gvar.New(m.GetOrSetFuncLock(key, f))
 }
@@ -362,10 +390,12 @@ func (m *ListMap) SetIfNotExistFuncLock(key interface{}, f func() interface{}) b
 // Remove deletes value from map by given <key>, and return this deleted value.
 func (m *ListMap) Remove(key interface{}) (value interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
-		value = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
-		delete(m.data, key)
-		m.list.Remove(e)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
+			value = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
+			delete(m.data, key)
+			m.list.Remove(e)
+		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
 	return
@@ -374,10 +404,12 @@ func (m *ListMap) Remove(key interface{}) (value interface{}) {
 // Removes batch deletes values of the map by keys.
 func (m *ListMap) Removes(keys []interface{}) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
-			delete(m.data, key)
-			m.list.Remove(e)
+	if m.data != nil {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			if e, ok := m.data[key]; ok {
+				delete(m.data, key)
+				m.list.Remove(e)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	m.mu.Unlock()
@@ -386,13 +418,17 @@ func (m *ListMap) Removes(keys []interface{}) {
 // Keys returns all keys of the map as a slice in ascending order.
 func (m *ListMap) Keys() []interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	keys := make([]interface{}, m.list.Len())
-	index := 0
-	m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		keys[index] = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).key
-		index++
-		return true
-	})
+	var (
+		keys  = make([]interface{}, m.list.Len())
+		index = 0
+	)
+	if m.list != nil {
+		m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			keys[index] = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).key
+			index++
+			return true
+		})
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return keys
 }
@@ -400,13 +436,17 @@ func (m *ListMap) Keys() []interface{} {
 // Values returns all values of the map as a slice.
 func (m *ListMap) Values() []interface{} {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	values := make([]interface{}, m.list.Len())
-	index := 0
-	m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
-		values[index] = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
-		index++
-		return true
-	})
+	var (
+		values = make([]interface{}, m.list.Len())
+		index  = 0
+	)
+	if m.list != nil {
+		m.list.IteratorAsc(func(e *glist.Element) bool {
+			values[index] = e.Value.(*gListMapNode).value
+			index++
+			return true
+		})
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return values
 }
@@ -415,7 +455,9 @@ func (m *ListMap) Values() []interface{} {
 // It returns true if the <key> exists, or else false.
 func (m *ListMap) Contains(key interface{}) (ok bool) {
 	m.mu.RLock()
-	_, ok = m.data[key]
+	if m.data != nil {
+		_, ok = m.data[key]
+	}
 	m.mu.RUnlock()
 	return
 }
@@ -448,6 +490,10 @@ func (m *ListMap) Flip() {
 func (m *ListMap) Merge(other *ListMap) {
 	m.mu.Lock()
 	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
+		m.data = make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element)
+		m.list = glist.New()
+	}
 	if other != m {
 		other.mu.RLock()
 		defer other.mu.RUnlock()
@@ -464,6 +510,12 @@ func (m *ListMap) Merge(other *ListMap) {
 	})
 }
 
+// String returns the map as a string.
+func (m *ListMap) String() string {
+	b, _ := m.MarshalJSON()
+	return gconv.UnsafeBytesToStr(b)
+}
+
 // MarshalJSON implements the interface MarshalJSON for json.Marshal.
 func (m *ListMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	return json.Marshal(gconv.Map(m.Map()))
@@ -471,13 +523,12 @@ func (m *ListMap) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the interface UnmarshalJSON for json.Unmarshal.
 func (m *ListMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
 		m.data = make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element)
 		m.list = glist.New()
 	}
-	m.mu.Lock()
-	defer m.mu.Unlock()
 	var data map[string]interface{}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &data); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -494,13 +545,12 @@ func (m *ListMap) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // UnmarshalValue is an interface implement which sets any type of value for map.
 func (m *ListMap) UnmarshalValue(value interface{}) (err error) {
-	if m.mu == nil {
-		m.mu = rwmutex.New()
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	if m.data == nil {
 		m.data = make(map[interface{}]*glist.Element)
 		m.list = glist.New()
 	}
-	m.mu.Lock()
-	defer m.mu.Unlock()
 	for k, v := range gconv.Map(value) {
 		if e, ok := m.data[k]; !ok {
 			m.data[k] = m.list.PushBack(&gListMapNode{k, v})

container/gmap/gmap_z_basic_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package gmap_test
 
 import (
+	"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gutil"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
@@ -17,110 +18,170 @@ func getValue() interface{} {
 	return 3
 }
 
+func Test_Map_Var(t *testing.T) {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.Map
+		m.Set(1, 11)
+		t.Assert(m.Get(1), 11)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.IntAnyMap
+		m.Set(1, 11)
+		t.Assert(m.Get(1), 11)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.IntIntMap
+		m.Set(1, 11)
+		t.Assert(m.Get(1), 11)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.IntStrMap
+		m.Set(1, "11")
+		t.Assert(m.Get(1), "11")
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.StrAnyMap
+		m.Set("1", "11")
+		t.Assert(m.Get("1"), "11")
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.StrStrMap
+		m.Set("1", "11")
+		t.Assert(m.Get("1"), "11")
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.StrIntMap
+		m.Set("1", 11)
+		t.Assert(m.Get("1"), 11)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.ListMap
+		m.Set("1", 11)
+		t.Assert(m.Get("1"), 11)
+	})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		var m gmap.TreeMap
+		m.SetComparator(gutil.ComparatorString)
+		m.Set("1", 11)
+		t.Assert(m.Get("1"), 11)
+	})
+}
+
 func Test_Map_Basic(t *testing.T) {
-	gtest.Case(t, func() {
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
 		m := gmap.New()
 		m.Set("key1", "val1")
-		gtest.Assert(m.Keys(), []interface{}{"key1"})
+		t.Assert(m.Keys(), []interface{}{"key1"})
 
-		gtest.Assert(m.Get("key1"), "val1")
-		gtest.Assert(m.Size(), 1)
-		gtest.Assert(m.IsEmpty(), false)
+		t.Assert(m.Get("key1"), "val1")
+		t.Assert(m.Size(), 1)
+		t.Assert(m.IsEmpty(), false)
 
-		gtest.Assert(m.GetOrSet("key2", "val2"), "val2")
-		gtest.Assert(m.SetIfNotExist("key2", "val2"), false)
+		t.Assert(m.GetOrSet("key2", "val2"), "val2")
+		t.Assert(m.SetIfNotExist("key2", "val2"), false)
 
-		gtest.Assert(m.SetIfNotExist("key3", "val3"), true)
+		t.Assert(m.SetIfNotExist("key3", "val3"), true)
 
-		gtest.Assert(m.Remove("key2"), "val2")
-		gtest.Assert(m.Contains("key2"), false)
+		t.Assert(m.Remove("key2"), "val2")
+		t.Assert(m.Contains("key2"), false)
 
-		gtest.AssertIN("key3", m.Keys())
-		gtest.AssertIN("key1", m.Keys())
-		gtest.AssertIN("val3", m.Values())
-		gtest.AssertIN("val1", m.Values())
+		t.AssertIN("key3", m.Keys())
+		t.AssertIN("key1", m.Keys())
+		t.AssertIN("val3", m.Values())
+		t.AssertIN("val1", m.Values())
 
 		m.Flip()
-		gtest.Assert(m.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{"val3": "key3", "val1": "key1"})
+		t.Assert(m.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{"val3": "key3", "val1": "key1"})
 
 		m.Clear()
-		gtest.Assert(m.Size(), 0)
-		gtest.Assert(m.IsEmpty(), true)
+		t.Assert(m.Size(), 0)
+		t.Assert(m.IsEmpty(), true)
 
 		m2 := gmap.NewFrom(map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"})
-		gtest.Assert(m2.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"})
+		t.Assert(m2.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"})
 	})
 }
 func Test_Map_Set_Fun(t *testing.T) {
-	m := gmap.New()
-	m.GetOrSetFunc("fun", getValue)
-	m.GetOrSetFuncLock("funlock", getValue)
-	gtest.Assert(m.Get("funlock"), 3)
-	gtest.Assert(m.Get("fun"), 3)
-	m.GetOrSetFunc("fun", getValue)
-	gtest.Assert(m.SetIfNotExistFunc("fun", getValue), false)
-	gtest.Assert(m.SetIfNotExistFuncLock("funlock", getValue), false)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		m := gmap.New()
+		m.GetOrSetFunc("fun", getValue)
+		m.GetOrSetFuncLock("funlock", getValue)
+		t.Assert(m.Get("funlock"), 3)
+		t.Assert(m.Get("fun"), 3)
+		m.GetOrSetFunc("fun", getValue)
+		t.Assert(m.SetIfNotExistFunc("fun", getValue), false)
+		t.Assert(m.SetIfNotExistFuncLock("funlock", getValue), false)
+	})
 }
 
 func Test_Map_Batch(t *testing.T) {
-	m := gmap.New()
-	m.Sets(map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1", "key2": "val2", "key3": "val3"})
-	gtest.Assert(m.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1", "key2": "val2", "key3": "val3"})
-	m.Removes([]interface{}{"key1", 1})
-	gtest.Assert(m.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{"key2": "val2", "key3": "val3"})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		m := gmap.New()
+		m.Sets(map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1", "key2": "val2", "key3": "val3"})
+		t.Assert(m.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1", "key2": "val2", "key3": "val3"})
+		m.Removes([]interface{}{"key1", 1})
+		t.Assert(m.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{"key2": "val2", "key3": "val3"})
+	})
 }
 func Test_Map_Iterator(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"}
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"}
 
-	m := gmap.NewFrom(expect)
-	m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
-		gtest.Assert(expect[k], v)
-		return true
+		m := gmap.NewFrom(expect)
+		m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
+			t.Assert(expect[k], v)
+			return true
+		})
+		// 断言返回值对遍历控制
+		i := 0
+		j := 0
+		m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
+			i++
+			return true
+		})
+		m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
+			j++
+			return false
+		})
+		t.Assert(i, 2)
+		t.Assert(j, 1)
 	})
-	// 断言返回值对遍历控制
-	i := 0
-	j := 0
-	m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
-		i++
-		return true
-	})
-	m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
-		j++
-		return false
-	})
-	gtest.Assert(i, 2)
-	gtest.Assert(j, 1)
 }
 
 func Test_Map_Lock(t *testing.T) {
-	expect := map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"}
-
-	m := gmap.NewFrom(expect)
-	m.LockFunc(func(m map[interface{}]interface{}) {
-		gtest.Assert(m, expect)
-	})
-	m.RLockFunc(func(m map[interface{}]interface{}) {
-		gtest.Assert(m, expect)
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		expect := map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"}
+		m := gmap.NewFrom(expect)
+		m.LockFunc(func(m map[interface{}]interface{}) {
+			t.Assert(m, expect)
+		})
+		m.RLockFunc(func(m map[interface{}]interface{}) {
+			t.Assert(m, expect)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
 func Test_Map_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	//clone 方法是深克隆
-	m := gmap.NewFrom(map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"})
-	m_clone := m.Clone()
-	m.Remove(1)
-	//修改原 map,clone 后的 map 不影响
-	gtest.AssertIN(1, m_clone.Keys())
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		//clone 方法是深克隆
+		m := gmap.NewFrom(map[interface{}]interface{}{1: 1, "key1": "val1"})
+		m_clone := m.Clone()
+		m.Remove(1)
+		//修改原 map,clone 后的 map 不影响
+		t.AssertIN(1, m_clone.Keys())
 
-	m_clone.Remove("key1")
-	//修改clone map,原 map 不影响
-	gtest.AssertIN("key1", m.Keys())
+		m_clone.Remove("key1")
+		//修改clone map,原 map 不影响
+		t.AssertIN("key1", m.Keys())
+	})
 }
 func Test_Map_Basic_Merge(t *testing.T) {
-	m1 := gmap.New()
-	m2 := gmap.New()
-	m1.Set("key1", "val1")
-	m2.Set("key2", "val2")
-	m1.Merge(m2)
-	gtest.Assert(m1.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"})
+	gtest.C(t, func(t *gtest.T) {
+		m1 := gmap.New()
+		m2 := gmap.New()
+		m1.Set("key1", "val1")
+		m2.Set("key2", "val2")
+		m1.Merge(m2)
+		t.Assert(m1.Map(), map[interface{}]interface{}{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"})
+	})
 }