add examples for gredis

add g.Export
fix issue in GetOrSetFuncLock of gmap/gcache; add gutil.IsEmpty/Export functions
2026-06-11 03:41:44 +08:00 · 2019-03-21 23:51:57 +08:00 · 2019-03-21 18:21:53 +08:00 · 2019-03-21 18:20:20 +08:00 · 2019-03-21 10:52:12 +08:00 · 2019-03-21 10:36:24 +08:00
161 changed files with 7070 additions and 2025 deletions
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 language: go

 go:
+  - "1.10.x"
  - "1.11.x"
  - "1.12.x"

@ -14,19 +15,23 @@ env:

 services:
  - mysql
+  - redis-server
+
+addons:
+  hosts:
+    - local

 before_install:
  - pwd

 install:
-  - pwd
+  - cat /etc/hosts

 script:
  - cd g
  - GOARCH=386 go test -v ./...
  - GOARCH=amd64 go test -v ./... -race -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic

-
 after_success:
  - bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)

--- a/README.MD
+++ b/README.MD
@ -4,17 +4,16 @@
 [![Go Doc](https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf) 
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/gogf/gf.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/gogf/gf) 
 [![Go Report](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/gogf/gf)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/gogf/gf) 
-[![Documents](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-100%25-green.svg)](https://goframe.org) 
+[![Code Coverage](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf/branch/master)
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/gogf/gf.svg?style=flat)](https://github.com/gogf/gf)
 [![Language](https://img.shields.io/badge/language-go-blue.svg)](https://github.com/gogf/gf)
 [![Release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/gogf/gf.svg?style=flat)](https://github.com/gogf/gf/releases)

 <!--
-[![Code Coverage](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf)
-[![Code Helper](https://www.codetriage.com/gogf/gf/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/gogf/gf) 
--> 
+GoFrame is a modular, loose-coupled, production-ready and most-powerful application development framework of golang. Providing a series of core components and dozens of practical modules, such as: cache, logging, containers, timer, validator, database orm, etc. Supporting web server integrated with router, cookie, session, logger, configure, template, https, hooks, rewrites and many more features. 
+-->

-`GF(GoFrame)` is a modular, loose-coupled and production-ready application development framework written in Go. Providing a series of core components and dozens of practical modules, such as: cache, logging, array/queue/set/map, timer/timing tasks, file/memory lock, object pool, validator, database ORM, etc. Supporting web server with graceful server, hot updates, multi-domain, multi-port, multi-service, HTTP/HTTPS, dynamic/hook routing, rewrite rules and many more features. 
+`GF(GoFrame)` is a modular, loose-coupled, production-ready and most-powerful application development framework of golang. Providing a series of core components and dozens of practical modules, such as: memcache, configure, validator, logging, array/queue/set/map containers, timer/timing tasks, file/memory lock, object pool, database ORM, etc. Supporting web server integrated with router, cookie, session, logger, template, https, hooks, rewrites and many more features. 

 # Installation
 ```
@ -66,42 +65,30 @@ func main() {

 `GF` is licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE), 100% free and open-source, forever.

-# Contributors(TOP 10)
+# Contributors

-<a href="https://gitee.com/johng" target="_blank" title="John"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/27/1309327_johng.png?1530630243" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/wenzi1" target="_blank" title="蚊子"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/22/1923122_wenzi1.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zseeker" target="_blank" title="zseeker"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/contributors/zseeker.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/ymrjqyy" target="_blank" title="一墨染尽青衣颜"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/27/876827_ymrjqyy.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://github.com/chenyang351" target="_blank" title="chenyang351"><img src="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/30063958?s=60&v=4" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/wxkj" target="_blank" title="wxkj"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/56/91356_wxkj.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://github.com/wxkj001" target="_blank" title="3wxkj001
-"><img src="https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/7794279?s=60&v=4" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zhangjinfu" target="_blank" title="张金富"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/63/356163_zhangjinfu.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/garfieldkwong" target="_blank" title="GarfieldKwong"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/contributors/garfieldkwong.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/qq1054000800" target="_blank" title="hello"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/9/2209_qq1054000800.jpg" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<br /><br /><br />
+- [johng](https://gitee.com/johng)
+- [zhaopengme](https://github.com/zhaopengme)
+- [wenzi1](https://gitee.com/wenzi1)
+- [zseeker](https://gitee.com/zseeker)
+- [ymrjqyy](https://gitee.com/ymrjqyy)
+- [chenyang351](https://github.com/chenyang351)
+- [wxkj](https://gitee.com/wxkj)
+- [wxkj001](https://github.com/wxkj001)
+- [zhangjinfu](https://gitee.com/zhangjinfu)
+- [garfieldkwong](https://gitee.com/garfieldkwong)
+- [qq1054000800](https://gitee.com/qq1054000800)

 # Donators

-<a href="https://gitee.com/tiangenglan" target="_blank" title="zhuhuan12"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/99/1167099_tiangenglan.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zhuhuan12" target="_blank" title="zhuhuan12"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/39/751839_zhuhuan12.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zfan_codes" target="_blank" title="范钟"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/32/2044832_zfan_codes.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/hailaz" target="_blank" title="HaiLaz"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/87/1273187_hailaz.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/mg91" target="_blank" title="mg91"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/30/1410930_mg91.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
+- [tiangenglan](https://gitee.com/tiangenglan)
+- [zhuhuan12](https://gitee.com/zhuhuan12)
+- [zfan_codes](https://gitee.com/zfan_codes)
+- [hailaz](https://gitee.com/hailaz)
+- [mg91](https://gitee.com/mg91)
+- [wxkj](https://gitee.com/wxkj)
+- [pibigstar](https://github.com/pibigstar)
+- [flyke-xu](https://gitee.com/flyke-xu)



--- a/README_ZH.MD
+++ b/README_ZH.MD
@ -4,16 +4,11 @@
 [![Go Doc](https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf) 
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/gogf/gf.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/gogf/gf) 
 [![Go Report](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/gogf/gf)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/gogf/gf) 
-[![Documents](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-100%25-green.svg)](https://goframe.org) 
+[![Code Coverage](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf/branch/master)
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/gogf/gf.svg?style=flat)](https://github.com/gogf/gf)
 [![Language](https://img.shields.io/badge/language-go-blue.svg)](https://github.com/gogf/gf)
 [![Release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/gogf/gf.svg?style=flat)](https://github.com/gogf/gf/releases)

-<!--
-[![Code Coverage](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/gogf/gf)
-[![Code Helper](https://www.codetriage.com/gogf/gf/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/gogf/gf) 
--> 
-
 `GF(Go Frame)`是一款模块化、松耦合、生产级Go应用开发框架。提供了常用的核心开发组件，如：缓存、日志、文件、时间、队列、数组、集合、字符串、定时器、命令行、文件锁、内存锁、对象池、连接池、数据校验、数据编码、文件监控、定时任务、数据库ORM、TCP/UDP组件、进程管理/通信、
 并发安全容器等等。并提供了Web服务开发的系列核心组件，如：Router、Cookie、Session、服务注册、配置管理、模板引擎等等，支持热重启、热更新、多域名、多端口、多服务、HTTPS、Rewrite等特性。

@ -90,30 +85,27 @@ func main() {
 <img src="https://goframe.org/images/donate.png" width="300"/>
 </a>

-# 贡献者(TOP 10)
+# 贡献者

-<a href="https://gitee.com/johng" target="_blank" title="John"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/27/1309327_johng.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/wenzi1" target="_blank" title="蚊子"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/22/1923122_wenzi1.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zseeker" target="_blank" title="zseeker"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/contributors/zseeker.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/ymrjqyy" target="_blank" title="一墨染尽青衣颜"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/27/876827_ymrjqyy.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://github.com/chenyang351" target="_blank" title="chenyang351"><img src="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/30063958?s=60&v=4" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/wxkj" target="_blank" title="wxkj"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/56/91356_wxkj.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://github.com/wxkj001" target="_blank" title="3wxkj001
-"><img src="https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/7794279?s=60&v=4" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zhangjinfu" target="_blank" title="张金富"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/63/356163_zhangjinfu.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/garfieldkwong" target="_blank" title="GarfieldKwong"><img src="https://goframe.org/images/contributors/garfieldkwong.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-<a href="https://gitee.com/qq1054000800" target="_blank" title="hello"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/9/2209_qq1054000800.jpg" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<br /><br /><br />
+- [johng](https://gitee.com/johng)
+- [zhaopengme](https://github.com/zhaopengme)
+- [wenzi1](https://gitee.com/wenzi1)
+- [zseeker](https://gitee.com/zseeker)
+- [ymrjqyy](https://gitee.com/ymrjqyy)
+- [chenyang351](https://github.com/chenyang351)
+- [wxkj](https://gitee.com/wxkj)
+- [wxkj001](https://github.com/wxkj001)
+- [zhangjinfu](https://gitee.com/zhangjinfu)
+- [garfieldkwong](https://gitee.com/garfieldkwong)
+- [qq1054000800](https://gitee.com/qq1054000800)

 # 捐赠者

-<a href="https://gitee.com/tiangenglan" target="_blank" title="zhuhuan12"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/99/1167099_tiangenglan.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zhuhuan12" target="_blank" title="zhuhuan12"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/39/751839_zhuhuan12.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/zfan_codes" target="_blank" title="范钟"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/32/2044832_zfan_codes.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/hailaz" target="_blank" title="HaiLaz"><img src="https://gitee.com/uploads/87/1273187_hailaz.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
-
-<a href="https://gitee.com/mg91" target="_blank" title="mg91"><img src="https://images.gitee.com/uploads/30/1410930_mg91.png" width="60" align="left"></a>
+- [tiangenglan](https://gitee.com/tiangenglan)
+- [zhuhuan12](https://gitee.com/zhuhuan12)
+- [zfan_codes](https://gitee.com/zfan_codes)
+- [hailaz](https://gitee.com/hailaz)
+- [mg91](https://gitee.com/mg91)
+- [wxkj](https://gitee.com/wxkj)
+- [pibigstar](https://github.com/pibigstar)
+- [flyke-xu](https://gitee.com/flyke-xu)
--- a/TODO.MD
+++ b/TODO.MD
@ -55,6 +55,10 @@
 1. gfcache依旧使用gcache作为缓存控制对象，不要使用gmap；
 1. 增加对ghttp路由注册的{.struct}/{.method}单元测试；
 1. 更新跨域请求CORS相关功能文档；
+1. ghttp的热重启的本地进程端口监听，在不使用该特性时默认关闭掉；
+1. gcfg包目前允许添加重复的目录路径，需要在SetPath/AddPath时判断重复性，不能添加重复的路径；
+1. gdb执行数据写入时，如果参数为struct/[]struct，自动映射与表字段对应关系，不再使用gconv标签标识；
+



--- a/g/container/garray/garray_func.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_func.go
@ -6,3 +6,15 @@

 package garray

+
+type apiSliceInterface interface {
+    Slice() []interface{}
+}
+
+type apiSliceInt interface {
+    Slice() []int
+}
+
+type apiSliceString interface {
+    Slice() []string
+}
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_normal_int.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_normal_int.go
@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 package garray

 import (
+    "bytes"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/grand"
    "math"
    "sort"
-    "strings"
 )

 type IntArray struct {
@ -53,6 +53,20 @@ func NewIntArrayFrom(array []int, unsafe...bool) *IntArray {
    }
 }

+// Create an array from a copy of given slice <array>.
+// The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
+// which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
+//
+// 通过给定的slice拷贝创建数组对象，参数unsafe用于指定是否用于非并发安全场景，默认为false，表示并发安全。
+func NewIntArrayFromCopy(array []int, unsafe...bool) *IntArray {
+    newArray := make([]int, len(array))
+    copy(newArray, array)
+    return &IntArray{
+        mu    : rwmutex.New(unsafe...),
+        array : newArray,
+    }
+}
+
 // Get value by index.
 //
 // 获取指定索引的数据项, 调用方注意判断数组边界。
@ -233,13 +247,31 @@ func (a *IntArray) PopRight() int {
    return value
 }

-// Pop an random item from array.
+// PopRand picks an random item out of array.
 //
 // 随机将一个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
 func (a *IntArray) PopRand() int {
    return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }

+// PopRands picks <size> items out of array.
+//
+// 随机将size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
+func (a *IntArray) PopRands(size int) []int {
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
+    if size > len(a.array) {
+        size = len(a.array)
+    }
+    array := make([]int, size)
+    for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+        index   := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
+        array[i] = a.array[index]
+        a.array  = append(a.array[ : index], a.array[index + 1 : ]...)
+    }
+    return array
+}
+
 // Pop <size> items from the beginning of array.
 //
 // 将最左端(首部)的size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
@ -409,8 +441,8 @@ func (a *IntArray) Unique() *IntArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (a *IntArray) LockFunc(f func(array []int)) *IntArray {
-	a.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer a.mu.Unlock(true)
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	f(a.array)
    return a
 }
@ -419,23 +451,28 @@ func (a *IntArray) LockFunc(f func(array []int)) *IntArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (a *IntArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []int)) *IntArray {
-	a.mu.RLock(true)
-	defer a.mu.RUnlock(true)
+	a.mu.RLock()
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	f(a.array)
    return a
 }

-// Merge two arrays.
+// Merge two arrays. The parameter <array> can be any garray type or slice type.
+// The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
+// but Merge supports more variable types.
 //
-// 合并两个数组.
-func (a *IntArray) Merge(array *IntArray) *IntArray {
-    a.mu.Lock()
-    defer a.mu.Unlock()
-    if a != array {
-        array.mu.RLock()
-        defer array.mu.RUnlock()
+// 合并两个数组, 支持任意的garray数组类型及slice类型.
+func (a *IntArray) Merge(array interface{}) *IntArray {
+    switch v := array.(type) {
+        case *Array:             a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *IntArray:          a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *StringArray:       a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedArray:       a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedIntArray:    a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedStringArray: a.Append(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        default:
+            a.Append(gconv.Ints(array)...)
    }
-    a.array = append(a.array, array.array...)
    return a
 }

@ -538,11 +575,19 @@ func (a *IntArray) SubSlice(offset, size int) []int {
    }
 }

-// Picks one or more random entries out of an array(a copy),
-// and returns the key (or keys) of the random entries.
+// Rand gets one random entry from array.
 //
-// 从数组中随机取出size个元素项，构成slice返回。
-func (a *IntArray) Rand(size int) []int {
+// 从数组中随机获得1个元素项(不删除)。
+func (a *IntArray) Rand() int {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+}
+
+// Rands gets one or more random entries from array(a copy).
+//
+// 从数组中随机拷贝size个元素项，构成slice返回。
+func (a *IntArray) Rands(size int) []int {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    if size > len(a.array) {
@ -588,5 +633,12 @@ func (a *IntArray) Reverse() *IntArray {
 func (a *IntArray) Join(glue string) string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-    return strings.Join(gconv.Strings(a.array), glue)
+    buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+    for k, v := range a.array {
+        buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
+        if k != len(a.array) - 1 {
+            buffer.WriteString(glue)
+        }
+    }
+    return buffer.String()
 }
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_normal_interface.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_normal_interface.go
@ -7,12 +7,13 @@
 package garray

 import (
+    "bytes"
+    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/grand"
    "math"
    "sort"
-    "strings"
 )

 type Array struct {
@ -30,8 +31,6 @@ func New(unsafe...bool) *Array {
 }

 // See New.
-//
-// 同New方法。
 func NewArray(unsafe...bool) *Array {
    return NewArraySize(0, 0, unsafe...)
 }
@ -48,6 +47,16 @@ func NewArraySize(size int, cap int, unsafe...bool) *Array {
    }
 }

+// See NewArrayFrom.
+func NewFrom(array []interface{}, unsafe...bool) *Array {
+    return NewArrayFrom(array, unsafe...)
+}
+
+// See NewArrayFromCopy.
+func NewFromCopy(array []interface{}, unsafe...bool) *Array {
+    return NewArrayFromCopy(array, unsafe...)
+}
+
 // Create an array with given slice <array>.
 // The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
 // which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
@ -60,6 +69,20 @@ func NewArrayFrom(array []interface{}, unsafe...bool) *Array {
    }
 }

+// Create an array from a copy of given slice <array>.
+// The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
+// which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
+//
+// 通过给定的slice拷贝创建数组对象，参数unsafe用于指定是否用于非并发安全场景，默认为false，表示并发安全。
+func NewArrayFromCopy(array []interface{}, unsafe...bool) *Array {
+    newArray := make([]interface{}, len(array))
+    copy(newArray, array)
+    return &Array{
+        mu    : rwmutex.New(unsafe...),
+        array : newArray,
+    }
+}
+
 // Get value by index.
 //
 // 获取指定索引的数据项, 调用方注意判断数组边界
@ -196,13 +219,31 @@ func (a *Array) PushRight(value...interface{}) *Array {
    return a
 }

-// Pop an random item from array.
+// PopRand picks an random item out of array.
 //
 // 随机将一个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
 func (a *Array) PopRand() interface{} {
    return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }

+// PopRands picks <size> items out of array.
+//
+// 随机将size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
+func (a *Array) PopRands(size int) []interface{} {
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
+    if size > len(a.array) {
+        size = len(a.array)
+    }
+    array := make([]interface{}, size)
+    for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+        index   := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
+        array[i] = a.array[index]
+        a.array  = append(a.array[ : index], a.array[index + 1 : ]...)
+    }
+    return array
+}
+
 // Pop an item from the beginning of array.
 //
 // 将最左端(索引为0)的数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
@ -392,8 +433,8 @@ func (a *Array) Unique() *Array {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (a *Array) LockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *Array {
-    a.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer a.mu.Unlock(true)
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }
@ -402,23 +443,28 @@ func (a *Array) LockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *Array {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (a *Array) RLockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *Array {
-    a.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer a.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }

-// Merge two arrays.
+// Merge two arrays. The parameter <array> can be any garray type or slice type.
+// The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
+// but Merge supports more variable types.
 //
-// 合并两个数组.
-func (a *Array) Merge(array *Array) *Array {
-    a.mu.Lock()
-    defer a.mu.Unlock()
-    if a != array {
-        array.mu.RLock()
-        defer array.mu.RUnlock()
+// 合并两个数组, 支持任意的garray数组类型及slice类型.
+func (a *Array) Merge(array interface{}) *Array {
+    switch v := array.(type) {
+        case *Array:             a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *IntArray:          a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *StringArray:       a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedArray:       a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedIntArray:    a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedStringArray: a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        default:
+            a.Append(gconv.Interfaces(array)...)
    }
-    a.array = append(a.array, array.array...)
    return a
 }

@ -520,11 +566,19 @@ func (a *Array) SubSlice(offset, size int) []interface{} {
    }
 }

-// Picks one or more random entries out of an array(a copy),
-// and returns the key (or keys) of the random entries.
+// Rand gets one random entry from array.
 //
-// 从数组中随机取出size个元素项，构成slice返回。
-func (a *Array) Rand(size int) []interface{} {
+// 从数组中随机获得1个元素项(不删除)。
+func (a *Array) Rand() interface{} {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+}
+
+// Rands gets one or more random entries from array(a copy).
+//
+// 从数组中随机拷贝size个元素项，构成slice返回。
+func (a *Array) Rands(size int) []interface{} {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    if size > len(a.array) {
@ -570,7 +624,14 @@ func (a *Array) Reverse() *Array {
 func (a *Array) Join(glue string) string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-    return strings.Join(gconv.Strings(a.array), glue)
+    buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+    for k, v := range a.array {
+        buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
+        if k != len(a.array) - 1 {
+            buffer.WriteString(glue)
+        }
+    }
+    return buffer.String()
 }

 // Counts all the values of an array.
@ -584,4 +645,13 @@ func (a *Array) CountValues() map[interface{}]int {
        m[v]++
    }
    return m
+}
+
+// String returns current array as a string.
+//
+// 将当前数组转换为字符串返回。
+func (a *Array) String() string {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return fmt.Sprint(a.array)
 }
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_normal_string.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_normal_string.go
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package garray

 import (
+    "bytes"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/grand"
@ -53,6 +54,20 @@ func NewStringArrayFrom(array []string, unsafe...bool) *StringArray {
 	}
 }

+// Create an array from a copy of given slice <array>.
+// The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
+// which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
+//
+// 通过给定的slice拷贝创建数组对象，参数unsafe用于指定是否用于非并发安全场景，默认为false，表示并发安全。
+func NewStringArrayFromCopy(array []string, unsafe...bool) *StringArray {
+    newArray := make([]string, len(array))
+    copy(newArray, array)
+    return &StringArray{
+        mu    : rwmutex.New(unsafe...),
+        array : newArray,
+    }
+}
+
 // Get value by index.
 //
 // 获取指定索引的数据项, 调用方注意判断数组边界。
@ -233,13 +248,31 @@ func (a *StringArray) PopRight() string {
    return value
 }

-// Pop an random item from array.
+// PopRand picks an random item out of array.
 //
 // 随机将一个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
 func (a *StringArray) PopRand() string {
    return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }

+// PopRands picks <size> items out of array.
+//
+// 随机将size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
+func (a *StringArray) PopRands(size int) []string {
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
+    if size > len(a.array) {
+        size = len(a.array)
+    }
+    array := make([]string, size)
+    for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+        index   := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
+        array[i] = a.array[index]
+        a.array  = append(a.array[ : index], a.array[index + 1 : ]...)
+    }
+    return array
+}
+
 // Pop <size> items from the beginning of array.
 //
 // 将最左端(首部)的size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项
@ -407,8 +440,8 @@ func (a *StringArray) Unique() *StringArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (a *StringArray) LockFunc(f func(array []string)) *StringArray {
-	a.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer a.mu.Unlock(true)
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 	f(a.array)
    return a
 }
@ -417,23 +450,28 @@ func (a *StringArray) LockFunc(f func(array []string)) *StringArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (a *StringArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []string)) *StringArray {
-	a.mu.RLock(true)
-	defer a.mu.RUnlock(true)
+	a.mu.RLock()
+	defer a.mu.RUnlock()
 	f(a.array)
    return a
 }

-// Merge two arrays.
+// Merge two arrays. The parameter <array> can be any garray type or slice type.
+// The difference between Merge and Append is Append supports only specified slice type,
+// but Merge supports more variable types.
 //
-// 合并两个数组.
-func (a *StringArray) Merge(array *StringArray) *StringArray {
-    a.mu.Lock()
-    defer a.mu.Unlock()
-    if a != array {
-        array.mu.RLock()
-        defer array.mu.RUnlock()
+// 合并两个数组, 支持任意的garray数组类型及slice类型.
+func (a *StringArray) Merge(array interface{}) *StringArray {
+    switch v := array.(type) {
+        case *Array:             a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *IntArray:          a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *StringArray:       a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedArray:       a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedIntArray:    a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedStringArray: a.Append(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        default:
+            a.Append(gconv.Strings(array)...)
    }
-    a.array = append(a.array, array.array...)
    return a
 }

@ -537,11 +575,19 @@ func (a *StringArray) SubSlice(offset, size int) []string {
    }
 }

-// Picks one or more random entries out of an array(a copy),
-// and returns the key (or keys) of the random entries.
+// Rand gets one random entry from array.
 //
-// 从数组中随机取出size个元素项，构成slice返回。
-func (a *StringArray) Rand(size int) []string {
+// 从数组中随机获得1个元素项(不删除)。
+func (a *StringArray) Rand() string {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+}
+
+// Rands gets one or more random entries from array(a copy).
+//
+// 从数组中随机拷贝size个元素项，构成slice返回。
+func (a *StringArray) Rands(size int) []string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    if size > len(a.array) {
@ -587,6 +633,13 @@ func (a *StringArray) Reverse() *StringArray {
 func (a *StringArray) Join(glue string) string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-    return strings.Join(a.array, glue)
+    buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+    for k, v := range a.array {
+        buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
+        if k != len(a.array) - 1 {
+            buffer.WriteString(glue)
+        }
+    }
+    return buffer.String()
 }

--- a/g/container/garray/garray_sorted_int.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_sorted_int.go
@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
 package garray

 import (
+    "bytes"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gtype"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/grand"
    "math"
    "sort"
-    "strings"
 )

 // 默认按照从小到大进行排序
@ -67,6 +67,20 @@ func NewSortedIntArrayFrom(array []int, unsafe...bool) *SortedIntArray {
    return a
 }

+// Create an array from a copy of given slice <array>.
+// The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
+// which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
+//
+// 通过给定的slice拷贝创建数组对象，参数unsafe用于指定是否用于非并发安全场景，默认为false，表示并发安全。
+func NewSortedIntArrayFromCopy(array []int, unsafe...bool) *SortedIntArray {
+    newArray := make([]int, len(array))
+    copy(newArray, array)
+    return &SortedIntArray{
+        mu    : rwmutex.New(unsafe...),
+        array : newArray,
+    }
+}
+
 // Set the underlying slice array with the given <array> param.
 //
 // 设置底层数组变量.
@ -172,13 +186,31 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRight() int {
    return value
 }

-// Pop an random item from array.
+// PopRand picks an random item out of array.
 //
 // 随机将一个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
 func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRand() int {
    return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }

+// PopRands picks <size> items out of array.
+//
+// 随机将size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
+func (a *SortedIntArray) PopRands(size int) []int {
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
+    if size > len(a.array) {
+        size = len(a.array)
+    }
+    array := make([]int, size)
+    for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+        index   := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
+        array[i] = a.array[index]
+        a.array  = append(a.array[ : index], a.array[index + 1 : ]...)
+    }
+    return array
+}
+
 // Pop <size> items from the beginning of array.
 //
 // 将最左端(首部)的size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项
@ -383,8 +415,8 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Clear() *SortedIntArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (a *SortedIntArray) LockFunc(f func(array []int)) *SortedIntArray {
-    a.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer a.mu.Unlock(true)
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }
@ -393,24 +425,28 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) LockFunc(f func(array []int)) *SortedIntArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (a *SortedIntArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []int)) *SortedIntArray {
-    a.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer a.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }

-// Merge two arrays.
+// Merge two arrays. The parameter <array> can be any garray type or slice type.
+// The difference between Merge and Add is Add supports only specified slice type,
+// but Merge supports more variable types.
 //
-// 合并两个数组.
-func (a *SortedIntArray) Merge(array *SortedIntArray) *SortedIntArray {
-    a.mu.Lock()
-    defer a.mu.Unlock()
-    if a != array {
-        array.mu.RLock()
-        defer array.mu.RUnlock()
+// 合并两个数组, 支持任意的garray数组类型及slice类型.
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Merge(array interface{}) *SortedIntArray {
+    switch v := array.(type) {
+        case *Array:             a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *IntArray:          a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *StringArray:       a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedArray:       a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedIntArray:    a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedStringArray: a.Add(gconv.Ints(v.Slice())...)
+        default:
+            a.Add(gconv.Ints(array)...)
    }
-    a.array = append(a.array, array.array...)
-    sort.Ints(a.array)
    return a
 }

@ -462,11 +498,19 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) SubSlice(offset, size int) []int {
    }
 }

-// Picks one or more random entries out of an array(a copy),
-// and returns the key (or keys) of the random entries.
+// Rand gets one random entry from array.
 //
-// 从数组中随机取出size个元素项，构成slice返回。
-func (a *SortedIntArray) Rand(size int) []int {
+// 从数组中随机获得1个元素项(不删除)。
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Rand() int {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+}
+
+// Rands gets one or more random entries from array(a copy).
+//
+// 从数组中随机拷贝size个元素项，构成slice返回。
+func (a *SortedIntArray) Rands(size int) []int {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    if size > len(a.array) {
@ -488,5 +532,12 @@ func (a *SortedIntArray) Rand(size int) []int {
 func (a *SortedIntArray) Join(glue string) string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-    return strings.Join(gconv.Strings(a.array), glue)
+    buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+    for k, v := range a.array {
+        buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
+        if k != len(a.array) - 1 {
+            buffer.WriteString(glue)
+        }
+    }
+    return buffer.String()
 }
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_sorted_interface.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_sorted_interface.go
@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
 package garray

 import (
+    "bytes"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gtype"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/grand"
    "math"
    "sort"
-    "strings"
 )

 // 默认按照从小到大进行排序
@ -69,6 +69,20 @@ func NewSortedArrayFrom(array []interface{}, compareFunc func(v1, v2 interface{}
    return a
 }

+// Create an array from a copy of given slice <array>.
+// The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
+// which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
+//
+// 通过给定的slice拷贝创建数组对象，参数unsafe用于指定是否用于非并发安全场景，默认为false，表示并发安全。
+func NewSortedArrayFromCopy(array []interface{}, unsafe...bool) *SortedArray {
+    newArray := make([]interface{}, len(array))
+    copy(newArray, array)
+    return &SortedArray{
+        mu    : rwmutex.New(unsafe...),
+        array : newArray,
+    }
+}
+
 // Set the underlying slice array with the given <array> param.
 //
 // 设置底层数组变量.
@ -178,13 +192,31 @@ func (a *SortedArray) PopRight() interface{} {
    return value
 }

-// Pop an random item from array.
+// PopRand picks an random item out of array.
 //
 // 随机将一个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
 func (a *SortedArray) PopRand() interface{} {
    return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }

+// PopRands picks <size> items out of array.
+//
+// 随机将size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
+func (a *SortedArray) PopRands(size int) []interface{} {
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
+    if size > len(a.array) {
+        size = len(a.array)
+    }
+    array := make([]interface{}, size)
+    for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+        index   := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
+        array[i] = a.array[index]
+        a.array  = append(a.array[ : index], a.array[index + 1 : ]...)
+    }
+    return array
+}
+
 // Pop <size> items from the beginning of array.
 //
 // 将最左端(首部)的size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项
@ -390,8 +422,8 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Clear() *SortedArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (a *SortedArray) LockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *SortedArray {
-    a.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer a.mu.Unlock(true)
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }
@ -400,26 +432,28 @@ func (a *SortedArray) LockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *SortedArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (a *SortedArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []interface{})) *SortedArray {
-    a.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer a.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }

-// Merge two arrays.
+// Merge two arrays. The parameter <array> can be any garray type or slice type.
+// The difference between Merge and Add is Add supports only specified slice type,
+// but Merge supports more variable types.
 //
-// 合并两个数组.
-func (a *SortedArray) Merge(array *SortedArray) *SortedArray {
-    a.mu.Lock()
-    defer a.mu.Unlock()
-    if a != array {
-        array.mu.RLock()
-        defer array.mu.RUnlock()
+// 合并两个数组, 支持任意的garray数组类型及slice类型.
+func (a *SortedArray) Merge(array interface{}) *SortedArray {
+    switch v := array.(type) {
+        case *Array:             a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *IntArray:          a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *StringArray:       a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedArray:       a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedIntArray:    a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedStringArray: a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(v.Slice())...)
+        default:
+            a.Add(gconv.Interfaces(array)...)
    }
-    a.array = append(a.array, array.array...)
-    sort.Slice(a.array, func(i, j int) bool {
-        return a.compareFunc(a.array[i], a.array[j]) < 0
-    })
    return a
 }

@ -471,11 +505,19 @@ func (a *SortedArray) SubSlice(offset, size int) []interface{} {
    }
 }

-// Picks one or more random entries out of an array(a copy),
-// and returns the key (or keys) of the random entries.
+// Rand gets one random entry from array.
 //
-// 从数组中随机取出size个元素项，构成slice返回。
-func (a *SortedArray) Rand(size int) []interface{} {
+// 从数组中随机获得1个元素项(不删除)。
+func (a *SortedArray) Rand() interface{} {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+}
+
+// Rands gets one or more random entries from array(a copy).
+//
+// 从数组中随机拷贝size个元素项，构成slice返回。
+func (a *SortedArray) Rands(size int) []interface{} {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    if size > len(a.array) {
@ -497,5 +539,12 @@ func (a *SortedArray) Rand(size int) []interface{} {
 func (a *SortedArray) Join(glue string) string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-    return strings.Join(gconv.Strings(a.array), glue)
+    buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+    for k, v := range a.array {
+        buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
+        if k != len(a.array) - 1 {
+            buffer.WriteString(glue)
+        }
+    }
+    return buffer.String()
 }
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_sorted_string.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_sorted_string.go
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package garray

 import (
+    "bytes"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gtype"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
@ -61,6 +62,20 @@ func NewSortedStringArrayFrom(array []string, unsafe...bool) *SortedStringArray
    return a
 }

+// Create an array from a copy of given slice <array>.
+// The param <unsafe> used to specify whether using array with un-concurrent-safety,
+// which is false in default, means concurrent-safe in default.
+//
+// 通过给定的slice拷贝创建数组对象，参数unsafe用于指定是否用于非并发安全场景，默认为false，表示并发安全。
+func NewSortedStringArrayFromCopy(array []string, unsafe...bool) *SortedStringArray {
+    newArray := make([]string, len(array))
+    copy(newArray, array)
+    return &SortedStringArray{
+        mu    : rwmutex.New(unsafe...),
+        array : newArray,
+    }
+}
+
 // Set the underlying slice array with the given <array> param.
 //
 // 设置底层数组变量.
@ -166,13 +181,31 @@ func (a *SortedStringArray) PopRight() string {
    return value
 }

-// Pop an random item from array.
+// PopRand picks an random item out of array.
 //
 // 随机将一个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
 func (a *SortedStringArray) PopRand() string {
    return a.Remove(grand.Intn(len(a.array)))
 }

+// PopRands picks <size> items out of array.
+//
+// 随机将size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项。
+func (a *SortedStringArray) PopRands(size int) []string {
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
+    if size > len(a.array) {
+        size = len(a.array)
+    }
+    array := make([]string, size)
+    for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+        index   := grand.Intn(len(a.array))
+        array[i] = a.array[index]
+        a.array  = append(a.array[ : index], a.array[index + 1 : ]...)
+    }
+    return array
+}
+
 // Pop <size> items from the beginning of array.
 //
 // 将最左端(首部)的size个数据项移出数组，并返回该数据项
@ -377,8 +410,8 @@ func (a *SortedStringArray) Clear() *SortedStringArray {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (a *SortedStringArray) LockFunc(f func(array []string)) *SortedStringArray {
-    a.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer a.mu.Unlock(true)
+    a.mu.Lock()
+    defer a.mu.Unlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }
@ -387,24 +420,28 @@ func (a *SortedStringArray) LockFunc(f func(array []string)) *SortedStringArray
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (a *SortedStringArray) RLockFunc(f func(array []string)) *SortedStringArray {
-    a.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer a.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    f(a.array)
    return a
 }

-// Merge two arrays.
+// Merge two arrays. The parameter <array> can be any garray type or slice type.
+// The difference between Merge and Add is Add supports only specified slice type,
+// but Merge supports more variable types.
 //
-// 合并两个数组.
-func (a *SortedStringArray) Merge(array *SortedStringArray) *SortedStringArray {
-    a.mu.Lock()
-    defer a.mu.Unlock()
-    if a != array {
-        array.mu.RLock()
-        defer array.mu.RUnlock()
+// 合并两个数组, 支持任意的garray数组类型及slice类型.
+func (a *SortedStringArray) Merge(array interface{}) *SortedStringArray {
+    switch v := array.(type) {
+        case *Array:             a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *IntArray:          a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *StringArray:       a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedArray:       a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedIntArray:    a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        case *SortedStringArray: a.Add(gconv.Strings(v.Slice())...)
+        default:
+            a.Add(gconv.Strings(array)...)
    }
-    a.array = append(a.array, array.array...)
-    sort.Strings(a.array)
    return a
 }

@ -456,11 +493,19 @@ func (a *SortedStringArray) SubSlice(offset, size int) []string {
    }
 }

-// Picks one or more random entries out of an array(a copy),
-// and returns the key (or keys) of the random entries.
+// Rand gets one random entry from array.
 //
-// 从数组中随机取出size个元素项，构成slice返回。
-func (a *SortedStringArray) Rand(size int) []string {
+// 从数组中随机获得1个元素项(不删除)。
+func (a *SortedStringArray) Rand() string {
+    a.mu.RLock()
+    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
+    return a.array[grand.Intn(len(a.array))]
+}
+
+// Rands gets one or more random entries from array(a copy).
+//
+// 从数组中随机拷贝size个元素项，构成slice返回。
+func (a *SortedStringArray) Rands(size int) []string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
    if size > len(a.array) {
@ -482,5 +527,12 @@ func (a *SortedStringArray) Rand(size int) []string {
 func (a *SortedStringArray) Join(glue string) string {
    a.mu.RLock()
    defer a.mu.RUnlock()
-    return strings.Join(a.array, glue)
+    buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+    for k, v := range a.array {
+        buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
+        if k != len(a.array) - 1 {
+            buffer.WriteString(glue)
+        }
+    }
+    return buffer.String()
 }
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_z_example_test.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_z_example_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package garray_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/garray"
+)
+
+func Example_basic() {
+    // 创建普通的数组，默认并发安全(带锁)
+    a := garray.New()
+
+    // 添加数据项
+    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+        a.Append(i)
+    }
+
+    // 获取当前数组长度
+    fmt.Println(a.Len())
+
+    // 获取当前数据项列表
+    fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+    // 获取指定索引项
+    fmt.Println(a.Get(6))
+
+    // 查找指定数据项是否存在
+    fmt.Println(a.Contains(6))
+    fmt.Println(a.Contains(100))
+
+    // 在指定索引前插入数据项
+    a.InsertAfter(9, 11)
+    // 在指定索引后插入数据项
+    a.InsertBefore(10, 10)
+
+    fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+    // 修改指定索引的数据项
+    a.Set(0, 100)
+    fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+    // 搜索数据项，返回搜索到的索引位置
+    fmt.Println(a.Search(5))
+
+    // 删除指定索引的数据项
+    a.Remove(0)
+    fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+    // 清空数组
+    fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+    a.Clear()
+    fmt.Println(a.Slice())
+
+    // Output:
+    // 10
+    // [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
+    // 6
+    // true
+    // false
+    // [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+    // [100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+    // 5
+    // [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+    // [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11]
+    // []
+}
+
+func Example_rand() {
+    array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9})
+    // 随机返回两个数据项(不删除)
+    fmt.Println(array.Rands(2))
+    fmt.Println(array.PopRand())
+}
+
+func Example_pop() {
+    array := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9})
+    fmt.Println(array.PopLeft())
+    fmt.Println(array.PopLefts(2))
+    fmt.Println(array.PopRight())
+    fmt.Println(array.PopRights(2))
+
+    // Output:
+    // 1
+    // [2 3]
+    // 9
+    // [7 8]
+}
+
+func Example_merge() {
+    array1 := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{1,2})
+    array2 := garray.NewFrom([]interface{}{3,4})
+    slice1 := []interface{}{5,6}
+    slice2 := []int{7,8}
+    slice3 := []string{"9","0"}
+    fmt.Println(array1.Slice())
+    array1.Merge(array1)
+    array1.Merge(array2)
+    array1.Merge(slice1)
+    array1.Merge(slice2)
+    array1.Merge(slice3)
+    fmt.Println(array1.Slice())
+
+    // Output:
+    // [1 2]
+    // [1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0]
+}
--- a/g/container/garray/garray_z_unit_int_test.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_z_unit_int_test.go
@ -161,9 +161,18 @@ func TestIntArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
        a1 := []int{0,1,2,3,4,5,6}
        array1 := garray.NewIntArrayFrom(a1)
-        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand(2)),  2)
-        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand(10)), 7)
-        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(1)[0], a1)
+        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)),  2)
+        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 7)
+        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
+        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(), a1)
+    })
+}
+
+func TestIntArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        a1 := []interface{}{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600}
+        array := garray.NewFromCopy(a1)
+        gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRands(2), a1)
    })
 }

--- a/g/container/garray/garray_z_unit_interface_test.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_z_unit_interface_test.go
@ -80,6 +80,14 @@ func TestArray_PushAndPop(t *testing.T) {
    })
 }

+func TestArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        a1 := []interface{}{100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600}
+        array := garray.NewFromCopy(a1)
+        gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRands(2), a1)
+    })
+}
+
 func TestArray_PopLeftsAndPopRights(t *testing.T) {
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
        value1 := []interface{}{0,1,2,3,4,5,6}
@ -165,9 +173,9 @@ func TestArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
        a1 := []interface{}{0,1,2,3,4,5,6}
        array1 := garray.NewArrayFrom(a1)
-        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand(2)),  2)
-        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand(10)), 7)
-        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(1)[0], a1)
+        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)),  2)
+        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), 7)
+        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
    })
 }

--- a/g/container/garray/garray_z_unit_string_test.go
+++ b/g/container/garray/garray_z_unit_string_test.go
@ -162,9 +162,17 @@ func TestStringArray_Rand(t *testing.T) {
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
        a1 := []string{"0","1","2","3","4","5","6"}
        array1 := garray.NewStringArrayFrom(a1)
-        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand(2)),  "2")
-        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rand(10)), "7")
-        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rand(1)[0], a1)
+        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(2)),  "2")
+        gtest.Assert(len(array1.Rands(10)), "7")
+        gtest.AssertIN(array1.Rands(1)[0], a1)
+    })
+}
+
+func TestStringArray_PopRands(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        a1 := []interface{}{"100", "200", "300", "400", "500", "600"}
+        array := garray.NewFromCopy(a1)
+        gtest.AssertIN(array.PopRands(2), a1)
    })
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap.go
@ -291,8 +291,8 @@ func (gm *Map) Clear() {
 //
 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *Map) LockFunc(f func(m map[interface{}]interface{})) {
-    gm.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+    gm.mu.Lock()
+    defer gm.mu.Unlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

@ -300,8 +300,8 @@ func (gm *Map) LockFunc(f func(m map[interface{}]interface{})) {
 //
 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *Map) RLockFunc(f func(m map[interface{}]interface{})) {
-    gm.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    gm.mu.RLock()
+    defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_bool_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_bool_map.go
@ -238,15 +238,15 @@ func (gm *IntBoolMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *IntBoolMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[int]bool)) {
-    gm.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+    gm.mu.Lock()
+    defer gm.mu.Unlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *IntBoolMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[int]bool)) {
-    gm.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    gm.mu.RLock()
+    defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_int_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_int_map.go
@ -238,15 +238,15 @@ func (gm *IntIntMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *IntIntMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[int]int)) {
-    gm.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+    gm.mu.Lock()
+    defer gm.mu.Unlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *IntIntMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[int]int)) {
-    gm.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    gm.mu.RLock()
+    defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_interface_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_interface_map.go
@ -109,7 +109,9 @@ func (gm *IntInterfaceMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key int, value interface{}) interf
    if f, ok := value.(func() interface {}); ok {
        value = f()
    }
-    gm.m[key] = value
+    if value != nil {
+        gm.m[key] = value
+    }
    return value
 }

@ -231,8 +233,8 @@ func (gm *IntInterfaceMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[int]interface{})) {

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *IntInterfaceMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[int]interface{})) {
-    gm.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    gm.mu.RLock()
+    defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_string_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_int_string_map.go
@ -239,15 +239,15 @@ func (gm *IntStringMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *IntStringMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[int]string)) {
-    gm.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+    gm.mu.Lock()
+    defer gm.mu.Unlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *IntStringMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[int]string)) {
-    gm.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    gm.mu.RLock()
+    defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_bool_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_bool_map.go
@ -238,15 +238,15 @@ func (gm *StringBoolMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *StringBoolMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[string]bool)) {
-	gm.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+	gm.mu.Lock()
+	defer gm.mu.Unlock()
 	f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *StringBoolMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[string]bool)) {
-	gm.mu.RLock(true)
-	defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+	gm.mu.RLock()
+	defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
 	f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_int_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_int_map.go
@ -239,15 +239,15 @@ func (gm *StringIntMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全写锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *StringIntMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[string]int)) {
-    gm.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+    gm.mu.Lock()
+    defer gm.mu.Unlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全读锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *StringIntMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[string]int)) {
-    gm.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    gm.mu.RLock()
+    defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
    f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_interface_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_interface_map.go
@ -109,7 +109,9 @@ func (gm *StringInterfaceMap) doSetWithLockCheck(key string, value interface{})
    if f, ok := value.(func() interface {}); ok {
        value = f()
    }
-    gm.m[key] = value
+    if value != nil {
+        gm.m[key] = value
+    }
    return value
 }

@ -224,15 +226,15 @@ func (gm *StringInterfaceMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全写锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *StringInterfaceMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[string]interface{})) {
-	gm.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+	gm.mu.Lock()
+	defer gm.mu.Unlock()
 	f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全读锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *StringInterfaceMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[string]interface{})) {
-	gm.mu.RLock(true)
-	defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+	gm.mu.RLock()
+	defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
 	f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_string_map.go
+++ b/g/container/gmap/gmap_string_string_map.go
@ -238,15 +238,15 @@ func (gm *StringStringMap) Clear() {

 // 并发安全写锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作
 func (gm *StringStringMap) LockFunc(f func(m map[string]string)) {
-	gm.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer gm.mu.Unlock(true)
+	gm.mu.Lock()
+	defer gm.mu.Unlock()
 	f(gm.m)
 }

 // 并发安全读锁操作，使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作
 func (gm *StringStringMap) RLockFunc(f func(m map[string]string)) {
-	gm.mu.RLock(true)
-	defer gm.mu.RUnlock(true)
+	gm.mu.RLock()
+	defer gm.mu.RUnlock()
 	f(gm.m)
 }

--- a/g/container/gqueue/gqueue.go
+++ b/g/container/gqueue/gqueue.go
@ -15,9 +15,8 @@
 package gqueue

 import (
-    "container/list"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/glist"
    "math"
-    "sync"
 )

 // 1、这是一个先进先出的队列(chan <-- list)；
@ -28,9 +27,8 @@ import (
 //
 // 4、由于功能主体是chan，那么操作仍然像chan那样具有阻塞效果；
 type Queue struct {
-    mu        sync.Mutex       // 底层链表写锁
    limit     int              // 队列限制大小
-    list      *list.List       // 底层数据链表
+    list      *glist.List       // 底层数据链表
    events    chan struct{}    // 写入事件通知
    closed    chan struct{}    // 队列关闭通知
    C         chan interface{} // 队列数据读取
@ -50,7 +48,7 @@ func New(limit...int) *Queue {
        q.limit  = limit[0]
        q.C      = make(chan interface{}, limit[0])
    } else {
-        q.list   = list.New()
+        q.list   = glist.New()
        q.events = make(chan struct{}, math.MaxInt32)
        q.C      = make(chan interface{}, gDEFAULT_QUEUE_SIZE)
        go q.startAsyncLoop()
@ -68,7 +66,6 @@ func (q *Queue) startAsyncLoop() {
                for {
                    if length := q.list.Len(); length > 0 {
                        array := make([]interface{}, length)
-                        q.mu.Lock()
                        for i := 0; i < length; i++ {
                            if e := q.list.Front(); e != nil {
                                array[i] = q.list.Remove(e)
@ -76,7 +73,6 @@ func (q *Queue) startAsyncLoop() {
                                break
                            }
                        }
-                        q.mu.Unlock()
                        for _, v := range array {
                           q.C <- v
                        }
@ -93,9 +89,7 @@ func (q *Queue) Push(v interface{}) {
    if q.limit > 0 {
        q.C <- v
    } else {
-        q.mu.Lock()
        q.list.PushBack(v)
-        q.mu.Unlock()
        q.events <- struct{}{}
    }
 }
--- a/g/container/gring/gring.go
+++ b/g/container/gring/gring.go
@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ func (r *Ring) Unlink(n int) *Ring {

 // 读锁遍历，往后只读遍历，回调函数返回true表示继续遍历，否则退出遍历
 func (r *Ring) RLockIteratorNext(f func(value interface{}) bool) {
-    r.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer r.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    r.mu.RLock()
+    defer r.mu.RUnlock()
    if !f(r.ring.Value) {
        return
    }
@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ func (r *Ring) RLockIteratorNext(f func(value interface{}) bool) {

 // 读锁遍历，往前只读遍历，回调函数返回true表示继续遍历，否则退出遍历
 func (r *Ring) RLockIteratorPrev(f func(value interface{}) bool) {
-    r.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer r.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    r.mu.RLock()
+    defer r.mu.RUnlock()
    if !f(r.ring.Value) {
        return
    }
@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ func (r *Ring) RLockIteratorPrev(f func(value interface{}) bool) {

 // 写锁遍历，往后写遍历，回调函数返回true表示继续遍历，否则退出遍历
 func (r *Ring) LockIteratorNext(f func(item *ring.Ring) bool) {
-    r.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer r.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    r.mu.RLock()
+    defer r.mu.RUnlock()
    if !f(r.ring) {
        return
    }
@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ func (r *Ring) LockIteratorNext(f func(item *ring.Ring) bool) {

 // 写锁遍历，往前写遍历，回调函数返回true表示继续遍历，否则退出遍历
 func (r *Ring) LockIteratorPrev(f func(item *ring.Ring) bool) {
-    r.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer r.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    r.mu.RLock()
+    defer r.mu.RUnlock()
    if !f(r.ring) {
        return
    }
--- a/g/container/gset/gset.go
+++ b/g/container/gset/gset.go
@ -139,8 +139,8 @@ func (set *Set) String() string {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (set *Set) LockFunc(f func(m map[interface{}]struct{})) *Set {
-    set.mu.Lock(true)
-    defer set.mu.Unlock(true)
+    set.mu.Lock()
+    defer set.mu.Unlock()
    f(set.m)
    return set
 }
@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ func (set *Set) LockFunc(f func(m map[interface{}]struct{})) *Set {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (set *Set) RLockFunc(f func(m map[interface{}]struct{})) *Set {
-    set.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer set.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    set.mu.RLock()
+    defer set.mu.RUnlock()
    f(set.m)
    return set
 }
--- a/g/container/gset/gset_int_set.go
+++ b/g/container/gset/gset_int_set.go
@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ func (set *IntSet) String() string {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (set *IntSet) LockFunc(f func(m map[int]struct{})) *IntSet {
-	set.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer set.mu.Unlock(true)
+	set.mu.Lock()
+	defer set.mu.Unlock()
 	f(set.m)
    return set
 }
@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ func (set *IntSet) LockFunc(f func(m map[int]struct{})) *IntSet {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (set *IntSet) RLockFunc(f func(m map[int]struct{})) *IntSet {
-    set.mu.RLock(true)
-    defer set.mu.RUnlock(true)
+    set.mu.RLock()
+    defer set.mu.RUnlock()
    f(set.m)
    return set
 }
--- a/g/container/gset/gset_string_set.go
+++ b/g/container/gset/gset_string_set.go
@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ func (set *StringSet) String() string {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁修改操作。
 func (set *StringSet) LockFunc(f func(m map[string]struct{})) *StringSet {
-	set.mu.Lock(true)
-	defer set.mu.Unlock(true)
+	set.mu.Lock()
+	defer set.mu.Unlock()
 	f(set.m)
    return set
 }
@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ func (set *StringSet) LockFunc(f func(m map[string]struct{})) *StringSet {
 //
 // 使用自定义方法执行加锁读取操作。
 func (set *StringSet) RLockFunc(f func(m map[string]struct{})) *StringSet {
-	set.mu.RLock(true)
-	defer set.mu.RUnlock(true)
+	set.mu.RLock()
+	defer set.mu.RUnlock()
 	f(set.m)
    return set
 }
--- a/g/container/gvar/gvar.go
+++ b/g/container/gvar/gvar.go
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (

 type Var struct {
    value interface{} // 变量值
-    safe  bool        // 当为true时,value为 *gtype.Interface 类型
+    safe  bool        // 当为true时, value为 *gtype.Interface 类型
 }

 // 创建一个动态变量，value参数可以为nil
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb.go
@ -39,15 +39,17 @@ type DB interface {
    doPrepare(link dbLink, query string) (*sql.Stmt, error)
    doInsert(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, option int, batch...int) (result sql.Result, err error)
    doBatchInsert(link dbLink, table string, list interface{}, option int, batch...int) (result sql.Result, err error)
-    doUpdate(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error)
-    doDelete(link dbLink, table string, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error)
+    doUpdate(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, condition string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error)
+    doDelete(link dbLink, table string, condition string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error)

 	// 数据库查询
 	GetAll(query string, args ...interface{}) (Result, error)
 	GetOne(query string, args ...interface{}) (Record, error)
 	GetValue(query string, args ...interface{}) (Value, error)
    GetCount(query string, args ...interface{}) (int, error)
-    GetStruct(obj interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error
+    GetStruct(objPointer interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error
+    GetStructs(objPointerSlice interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error
+    GetScan(objPointer interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error

    // 创建底层数据库master/slave链接对象
    Master() (*sql.DB, error)
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_base.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_base.go
@ -165,13 +165,44 @@ func (bs *dbBase) GetOne(query string, args ...interface{}) (Record, error) {
    return nil, nil
 }

-// 数据库查询，获取查询结果记录，自动映射数据到给定的struct对象中
-func (bs *dbBase) GetStruct(obj interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
+// 数据库查询，查询单条记录，自动映射数据到给定的struct对象中
+func (bs *dbBase) GetStruct(objPointer interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
    one, err := bs.GetOne(query, args...)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
-    return one.ToStruct(obj)
+    return one.ToStruct(objPointer)
+}
+
+// 数据库查询，查询多条记录，并自动转换为指定的slice对象, 如: []struct/[]*struct。
+func (bs *dbBase) GetStructs(objPointerSlice interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
+    all, err := bs.GetAll(query, args...)
+    if err != nil {
+        return err
+    }
+    return all.ToStructs(objPointerSlice)
+}
+
+// 将结果转换为指定的struct/*struct/[]struct/[]*struct,
+// 参数应该为指针类型，否则返回失败。
+// 该方法自动识别参数类型，调用Struct/Structs方法。
+func (bs *dbBase) GetScan(objPointer interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
+    t := reflect.TypeOf(objPointer)
+    k := t.Kind()
+    if k != reflect.Ptr {
+        return fmt.Errorf("params should be type of pointer, but got: %v", k)
+    }
+    k = t.Elem().Kind()
+    switch k {
+        case reflect.Array:
+        case reflect.Slice:
+            return bs.db.GetStructs(objPointer, query, args ...)
+        case reflect.Struct:
+            return bs.db.GetStruct(objPointer, query, args ...)
+        default:
+            return fmt.Errorf("element type should be type of struct/slice, unsupported: %v", k)
+    }
+    return nil
 }

 // 数据库查询，获取查询字段值
@ -281,7 +312,7 @@ func (bs *dbBase) doInsert(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, option i
            return bs.db.doBatchInsert(link, table, data, option, batch...)
        case reflect.Map:   fallthrough
        case reflect.Struct:
-            dataMap = Map(gconv.Map(data))
+            dataMap = gconv.Map(data)
        default:
            return result, errors.New(fmt.Sprint("unsupported data type:", kind))
    }
@ -289,7 +320,7 @@ func (bs *dbBase) doInsert(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, option i
    for k, v := range dataMap {
        fields = append(fields, charL + k + charR)
        values = append(values, "?")
-        params = append(params, v)
+        params = append(params, convertParam(v))
    }
    operation := getInsertOperationByOption(option)
    updateStr := ""
@ -338,6 +369,10 @@ func (bs *dbBase) doBatchInsert(link dbLink, table string, list interface{}, opt
    var params []interface{}
    listMap := (List)(nil)
    switch v := list.(type) {
+        case Result:
+            listMap = v.ToList()
+        case Record:
+            listMap = List{v.ToMap()}
        case List:
            listMap = v
        case Map:
@ -405,7 +440,7 @@ func (bs *dbBase) doBatchInsert(link dbLink, table string, list interface{}, opt
    }
    for i := 0; i < len(listMap); i++ {
        for _, k := range keys {
-            params = append(params, listMap[i][k])
+            params = append(params, convertParam(listMap[i][k]))
        }
        values = append(values, valueHolderStr)
        if len(values) == batchNum {
@ -448,17 +483,13 @@ func (bs *dbBase) doBatchInsert(link dbLink, table string, list interface{}, opt
 // CURD操作:数据更新，统一采用sql预处理。
 // data参数支持string/map/struct/*struct类型。
 func (bs *dbBase) Update(table string, data interface{}, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
-    link, err := bs.db.Master()
-    if err != nil {
-        return nil, err
-    }
-    return bs.db.doUpdate(link, table, data, condition, args ...)
+    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(condition, args)
+    return bs.db.doUpdate(nil, table, data, newWhere, newArgs ...)
 }

 // CURD操作:数据更新，统一采用sql预处理。
 // data参数支持string/map/struct/*struct类型类型。
-func (bs *dbBase) doUpdate(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) {
-    params       := ([]interface{})(nil)
+func (bs *dbBase) doUpdate(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, condition string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) {
    updates      := ""
    charL, charR := bs.db.getChars()
    // 使用反射进行类型判断
@ -468,43 +499,51 @@ func (bs *dbBase) doUpdate(link dbLink, table string, data interface{}, conditio
        rv   = rv.Elem()
        kind = rv.Kind()
    }
+    params := []interface{}(nil)
    switch kind {
        case reflect.Map:   fallthrough
        case reflect.Struct:
            var fields []string
            for k, v := range gconv.Map(data) {
                fields = append(fields, fmt.Sprintf("%s%s%s=?", charL, k, charR))
-                params = append(params, gconv.String(v))
+                params = append(params, convertParam(v))
            }
            updates = strings.Join(fields, ",")
        default:
            updates = gconv.String(data)
    }
-    for _, v := range args {
-        params = append(params, gconv.String(v))
+    if len(params) > 0 {
+        args = append(params, args...)
    }
+    // 如果没有传递link，那么使用默认的写库对象
    if link == nil {
        if link, err = bs.db.Master(); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
    }
-    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(condition, params)
-    return bs.db.doExec(link, fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %s SET %s WHERE %s", table, updates, newWhere), newArgs...)
+    if len(condition) == 0 {
+        return bs.db.doExec(link, fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %s SET %s", table, updates), args...)
+    }
+    return bs.db.doExec(link, fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %s SET %s WHERE %s", table, updates, condition), args...)
 }

 // CURD操作:删除数据
 func (bs *dbBase) Delete(table string, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) {
-    link, err := bs.db.Master()
-    if err != nil {
-        return nil, err
-    }
-    return bs.db.doDelete(link, table, condition, args ...)
+    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(condition, args)
+    return bs.db.doDelete(nil, table, newWhere, newArgs ...)
 }

 // CURD操作:删除数据
-func (bs *dbBase) doDelete(link dbLink, table string, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) {
-    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(condition, args)
-    return bs.db.doExec(link, fmt.Sprintf("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s", table, newWhere), newArgs...)
+func (bs *dbBase) doDelete(link dbLink, table string, condition string, args ...interface{}) (result sql.Result, err error) {
+    if link == nil {
+        if link, err = bs.db.Master(); err != nil {
+            return nil, err
+        }
+    }
+    if len(condition) == 0 {
+        return bs.db.doExec(link, fmt.Sprintf("DELETE FROM %s", table), args...)
+    }
+    return bs.db.doExec(link, fmt.Sprintf("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s", table, condition), args...)
 }

 // 获得缓存对象
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_func.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_func.go
@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gtime"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    _ "github.com/gogf/gf/third/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
    "reflect"
@ -30,28 +31,62 @@ func formatCondition(where interface{}, args []interface{}) (newWhere string, ne
        rv   = rv.Elem()
        kind = rv.Kind()
    }
+    tmpArgs := []interface{}(nil)
    switch kind {
-        // 注意当where为map/struct类型时，args参数必须为空。
+        // map/struct类型
        case reflect.Map:   fallthrough
        case reflect.Struct:
-            for k, v := range gconv.Map(where) {
+            for key, value := range gconv.Map(where) {
                if buffer.Len() > 0 {
                    buffer.WriteString(" AND ")
                }
-                buffer.WriteString(k + "=?")
-                newArgs = append(newArgs, v)
+                // 支持slice键值/属性，如果只有一个?占位符号，那么作为IN查询，否则打散作为多个查询参数
+                rv := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+                switch rv.Kind() {
+                    case reflect.Slice: fallthrough
+                    case reflect.Array:
+                        count := gstr.Count(key, "?")
+                        if count == 0 {
+                            buffer.WriteString(key + " IN(?)")
+                            tmpArgs = append(tmpArgs, value)
+                        } else if count != rv.Len() {
+                            buffer.WriteString(key)
+                            tmpArgs = append(tmpArgs, value)
+                        } else {
+                            buffer.WriteString(key)
+                            // 如果键名/属性名称中带有多个?占位符号，那么将参数打散
+                            tmpArgs = append(tmpArgs, gconv.Interfaces(value)...)
+                        }
+                    default:
+                        if value == nil {
+                            buffer.WriteString(key)
+                        } else {
+                            if gstr.Pos(key, "?") == -1 {
+                                if gstr.Pos(key, "<") == -1 && gstr.Pos(key, ">") == -1 && gstr.Pos(key, "=") == -1 {
+                                    buffer.WriteString(key + "=?")
+                                } else {
+                                    buffer.WriteString(key + "?")
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                buffer.WriteString(key)
+                            }
+                            tmpArgs = append(tmpArgs, value)
+                        }
+                }
            }
-            newWhere = buffer.String()
+
        default:
            buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(where))
    }
+    // 没有任何条件查询参数，直接返回
    if buffer.Len() == 0 {
-        buffer.WriteString("1=1")
+        return "", args
    }
-    // 查询条件参数处理，主要处理slice参数类型
    newWhere = buffer.String()
-    if len(args) > 0 {
-        for index, arg := range args {
+    tmpArgs  = append(tmpArgs, args...)
+    // 查询条件参数处理，主要处理slice参数类型
+    if len(tmpArgs) > 0 {
+        for index, arg := range tmpArgs {
            rv   := reflect.ValueOf(arg)
            kind := rv.Kind()
            if kind == reflect.Ptr {
@ -66,6 +101,7 @@ func formatCondition(where interface{}, args []interface{}) (newWhere string, ne
                    for i := 0; i < rv.Len(); i++ {
                        newArgs = append(newArgs, rv.Index(i).Interface())
                    }
+                    // counter用于匹配该参数的位置(与index对应)
                    counter    := 0
                    newWhere, _ = gregex.ReplaceStringFunc(`\?`, newWhere, func(s string) string {
                        counter++
@ -75,6 +111,14 @@ func formatCondition(where interface{}, args []interface{}) (newWhere string, ne
                        return s
                    })
                default:
+                    // 支持例如 Where/And/Or("uid", 1) 这种格式
+                    if gstr.Pos(newWhere, "?") == -1 {
+                        if gstr.Pos(newWhere, "<") == -1 && gstr.Pos(newWhere, ">") == -1 && gstr.Pos(newWhere, "=") == -1 {
+                            newWhere += "=?"
+                        } else {
+                            newWhere += "?"
+                        }
+                    }
                    newArgs = append(newArgs, arg)
            }
        }
@ -82,6 +126,22 @@ func formatCondition(where interface{}, args []interface{}) (newWhere string, ne
    return
 }

+// 将预处理参数转换为底层数据库引擎支持的格式。
+// 主要是判断参数是否为复杂数据类型，如果是，那么转换为基础类型。
+func convertParam(value interface{}) interface{} {
+    rv   := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+    kind := rv.Kind()
+    if kind == reflect.Ptr {
+        rv   = rv.Elem()
+        kind = rv.Kind()
+    }
+    switch kind {
+        case reflect.Struct:
+            return gconv.String(value)
+    }
+    return value
+}
+
 // 打印SQL对象(仅在debug=true时有效)
 func printSql(v *Sql) {
    s := fmt.Sprintf("%s, %v, %s, %s, %d ms, %s", v.Sql, v.Args,
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_model.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_model.go
@ -3,17 +3,18 @@
 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
 // If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+//
+// @author john, ymrjqyy

 package gdb

 import (
-	"fmt"
-	"errors"
-	"database/sql"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
-	_ "github.com/gogf/gf/third/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
+    "database/sql"
+    "errors"
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
+    _ "github.com/gogf/gf/third/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
    "reflect"
-    "strings"
 )

 // 数据库链式操作模型对象
@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ type Model struct {
 	cacheEnabled bool          // 当前SQL操作是否开启查询缓存功能
 	cacheTime    int           // 查询缓存时间
 	cacheName    string        // 查询缓存名称
+    safe         bool          // 当前模型是否运行安全模式（可修改当前模型，否则每一次链式操作都是返回新的模型对象）
 }

 // 链式操作，数据表字段，可支持多个表，以半角逗号连接
@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ func (bs *dbBase) Table(tables string) (*Model) {
        tablesInit : tables,
 		tables     : tables,
 		fields     : "*",
+        safe       : false,
 	}
 }

@ -59,6 +62,7 @@ func (tx *TX) Table(tables string) (*Model) {
 		tx         : tx,
        tablesInit : tables,
 		tables     : tables,
+        safe       : false,
 	}
 }

@ -79,98 +83,130 @@ func (md *Model) Clone() *Model {
    return newModel
 }

+// 标识当前对象运行安全模式(可被修改)。
+// 1. 默认情况下，模型对象的对象属性无法被修改，
+// 每一次链式操作都是克隆一个新的模型对象，这样所有的操作都不会污染模型对象。
+// 但是链式操作如果需要分开执行，那么需要将新的克隆对象赋值给旧的模型对象继续操作。
+// 2. 当标识模型对象为可修改，那么在当前模型对象的所有链式操作均会影响下一次的链式操作，
+// 即使是链式操作分开执行。
+// 3. 大部分ORM框架默认模型对象是可修改的，但是GF框架的ORM提供给开发者更灵活，更安全的链式操作选项。
+func (md *Model) Safe(safe...bool) *Model {
+    if len(safe) > 0 {
+        md.safe = safe[0]
+    } else {
+        md.safe = true
+    }
+    return md
+}
+
+// 返回操作的模型对象，可能是当前对象，也可能是新的克隆对象，根据alterable决定。
+func (md *Model) getModel() *Model {
+    if !md.safe {
+        return md
+    } else {
+        return md.Clone()
+    }
+}
+
 // 链式操作，左联表
 func (md *Model) LeftJoin(joinTable string, on string) (*Model) {
-    model        := md.Clone()
+    model        := md.getModel()
    model.tables += fmt.Sprintf(" LEFT JOIN %s ON (%s)", joinTable, on)
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，右联表
 func (md *Model) RightJoin(joinTable string, on string) (*Model) {
-    model        := md.Clone()
+    model        := md.getModel()
    model.tables += fmt.Sprintf(" RIGHT JOIN %s ON (%s)", joinTable, on)
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，内联表
 func (md *Model) InnerJoin(joinTable string, on string) (*Model) {
-    model        := md.Clone()
+    model        := md.getModel()
    model.tables += fmt.Sprintf(" INNER JOIN %s ON (%s)", joinTable, on)
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，查询字段
 func (md *Model) Fields(fields string) (*Model) {
-    model       := md.Clone()
+    model       := md.getModel()
    model.fields = fields
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，过滤字段
 func (md *Model) Filter() (*Model) {
-    model       := md.Clone()
+    model       := md.getModel()
    model.filter = true
    return model
 }

-// 链式操作，condition，支持string & gdb.Map
+// 链式操作，condition，支持string & gdb.Map.
+// 注意，多个Where调用时，会自动转换为And条件调用。
 func (md *Model) Where(where interface{}, args ...interface{}) (*Model) {
-    model             := md.Clone()
+    model := md.getModel()
+    if model.where != "" {
+        return md.And(where, args...)
+    }
    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(where, args)
    model.where        = newWhere
-    model.whereArgs    = append(model.whereArgs, newArgs...)
-	// 支持 Where("uid", 1)这种格式
-	if len(args) == 1 && strings.Index(model.where , "?") < 0 {
-        model.where += "=?"
-    }
+    model.whereArgs    = newArgs
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，添加AND条件到Where中
 func (md *Model) And(where interface{}, args ...interface{}) (*Model) {
-    model             := md.Clone()
+    model             := md.getModel()
    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(where, args)
-    model.where       += " AND " + newWhere
-    model.whereArgs    = append(model.whereArgs, newArgs...)
+    if len(model.where) > 0 && model.where[0] == '(' {
+        model.where = fmt.Sprintf(`%s AND (%s)`, model.where, newWhere)
+    } else {
+        model.where = fmt.Sprintf(`(%s) AND (%s)`, model.where, newWhere)
+    }
+    model.whereArgs = append(model.whereArgs, newArgs...)
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，添加OR条件到Where中
 func (md *Model) Or(where interface{}, args ...interface{}) (*Model) {
-    model             := md.Clone()
+    model             := md.getModel()
    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(where, args)
-    model.where       += " OR " + newWhere
-    model.whereArgs    = append(model.whereArgs, newArgs...)
+    if len(model.where) > 0 && model.where[0] == '(' {
+        model.where = fmt.Sprintf(`%s OR (%s)`, model.where, newWhere)
+    } else {
+        model.where = fmt.Sprintf(`(%s) OR (%s)`, model.where, newWhere)
+    }
+    model.whereArgs = append(model.whereArgs, newArgs...)
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，group by
 func (md *Model) GroupBy(groupBy string) (*Model) {
-    model        := md.Clone()
+    model        := md.getModel()
    model.groupBy = groupBy
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，order by
 func (md *Model) OrderBy(orderBy string) (*Model) {
-    model        := md.Clone()
+    model        := md.getModel()
    model.orderBy = orderBy
 	return model
 }

 // 链式操作，limit
 func (md *Model) Limit(start int, limit int) (*Model) {
-    model      := md.Clone()
+    model      := md.getModel()
    model.start = start
    model.limit = limit
 	return model
 }

-// 链式操作，翻页
-// @author ymrjqyy
+// 链式操作，翻页，注意分页页码从1开始，而Limit方法从0开始。
 func (md *Model) ForPage(page, limit int) (*Model) {
-    model      := md.Clone()
+    model      := md.getModel()
    model.start = (page - 1) * limit
    model.limit = limit
 	return model
@ -178,7 +214,7 @@ func (md *Model) ForPage(page, limit int) (*Model) {

 // 设置批处理的大小
 func (md *Model) Batch(batch int) *Model {
-    model      := md.Clone()
+    model      := md.getModel()
    model.batch = batch
    return model
 }
@ -188,7 +224,7 @@ func (md *Model) Batch(batch int) *Model {
 // name表示自定义的缓存名称，便于业务层精准定位缓存项(如果业务层需要手动清理时，必须指定缓存名称)，
 // 例如：查询缓存时设置名称，清理缓存时可以给定清理的缓存名称进行精准清理。
 func (md *Model) Cache(time int, name ... string) *Model {
-    model          := md.Clone()
+    model          := md.getModel()
    model.cacheTime = time
    if len(name) > 0 {
        model.cacheName = name[0]
@ -203,7 +239,7 @@ func (md *Model) Cache(time int, name ... string) *Model {
 // 链式操作，操作数据项，参数data类型支持 string/map/slice/struct/*struct ,
 // 也可以是：key,value,key,value,...。
 func (md *Model) Data(data ...interface{}) *Model {
-    model := md.Clone()
+    model := md.getModel()
 	if len(data) > 1 {
 		m := make(map[string]interface{})
 		for i := 0; i < len(data); i += 2 {
@ -211,13 +247,17 @@ func (md *Model) Data(data ...interface{}) *Model {
 		}
        model.data = m
 	} else {
-		switch data[0].(type) {
+		switch params := data[0].(type) {
+			case Result:
+				model.data = params.ToList()
+			case Record:
+				model.data = params.ToMap()
 			case List:
-                model.data = data[0]
+                model.data = params
 			case Map:
-                model.data = data[0]
+                model.data = params
 			default:
-                rv   := reflect.ValueOf(data[0])
+                rv   := reflect.ValueOf(params)
                kind := rv.Kind()
                if kind == reflect.Ptr {
                    rv   = rv.Elem()
@ -384,9 +424,9 @@ func (md *Model) Update() (result sql.Result, err error) {
        }
    }
 	if md.tx == nil {
-		return md.db.Update(md.tables, md.data, md.where, md.whereArgs ...)
+		return md.db.doUpdate(nil, md.tables, md.data, md.where, md.whereArgs ...)
 	} else {
-		return md.tx.Update(md.tables, md.data, md.where, md.whereArgs ...)
+		return md.tx.doUpdate(md.tables, md.data, md.where, md.whereArgs ...)
 	}
 }

@ -398,9 +438,9 @@ func (md *Model) Delete() (result sql.Result, err error) {
 		}
 	}()
 	if md.tx == nil {
-		return md.db.Delete(md.tables, md.where, md.whereArgs...)
+		return md.db.doDelete(nil, md.tables, md.where, md.whereArgs...)
 	} else {
-		return md.tx.Delete(md.tables, md.where, md.whereArgs...)
+		return md.tx.doDelete(md.tables, md.where, md.whereArgs...)
 	}
 }

@ -438,13 +478,44 @@ func (md *Model) Value() (Value, error) {
 	return nil, nil
 }

-// 链式操作，查询单条记录，并自动转换为struct对象
-func (md *Model) Struct(obj interface{}) error {
+// 链式操作，查询单条记录，并自动转换为struct对象, 参数必须为对象的指针，不能为空指针。
+func (md *Model) Struct(objPointer interface{}) error {
 	one, err := md.One()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return one.ToStruct(obj)
+	return one.ToStruct(objPointer)
+}
+
+// 链式操作，查询多条记录，并自动转换为指定的slice对象, 如: []struct/[]*struct。
+func (md *Model) Structs(objPointerSlice interface{}) error {
+	r, err := md.All()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return r.ToStructs(objPointerSlice)
+}
+
+// 链式操作，将结果转换为指定的struct/*struct/[]struct/[]*struct,
+// 参数应该为指针类型，否则返回失败。
+// 该方法自动识别参数类型，调用Struct/Structs方法。
+func (md *Model) Scan(objPointer interface{}) error {
+    t := reflect.TypeOf(objPointer)
+    k := t.Kind()
+    if k != reflect.Ptr {
+        return fmt.Errorf("params should be type of pointer, but got: %v", k)
+    }
+    k = t.Elem().Kind()
+    switch k {
+        case reflect.Array:
+        case reflect.Slice:
+            return md.Structs(objPointer)
+        case reflect.Struct:
+            return md.Struct(objPointer)
+        default:
+            return fmt.Errorf("element type should be type of struct/slice, unsupported: %v", k)
+    }
+    return nil
 }

 // 链式操作，查询数量，fields可以为空，也可以自定义查询字段，
@ -532,14 +603,13 @@ func (md *Model) getFormattedSql() string {
 	return s
 }

-// 组块结果集
-// @author ymrjqyy
-// @author 2018-08-15
+// 组块结果集。
 func (md *Model) Chunk(limit int, callback func(result Result, err error) bool) {
-	page := 1
+	page  := 1
+	model := md
 	for {
-		md.ForPage(page, limit)
-		data, err := md.getAll(md.getFormattedSql(), md.whereArgs...)
+        model      = model.ForPage(page, limit)
+		data, err := model.All()
 		if err != nil {
 			callback(nil, err)
 			break
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_mssql.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_mssql.go
@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
    2.不支持save/replace方法
    3.不支持LastInsertId方法
 */
+
 package gdb

 import (
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_oracle.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_oracle.go
@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
    2.不支持save/replace方法，可以调用这2个方法估计会报错，还没测试过,(应该是可以通过oracle的merge来实现这2个功能的，还没仔细研究)
    3.不支持LastInsertId方法
 */
+
 package gdb

 import (
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_structure.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_structure.go
@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 // If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.

-
 package gdb

 import (
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_transaction.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_transaction.go
@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ package gdb

 import (
    "database/sql"
+    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
    _ "github.com/gogf/gf/third/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
+    "reflect"
 )

 // 数据库事务对象
@ -75,6 +77,37 @@ func (tx *TX) GetStruct(obj interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) erro
    return one.ToStruct(obj)
 }

+// 数据库查询，查询多条记录，并自动转换为指定的slice对象, 如: []struct/[]*struct。
+func (tx *TX) GetStructs(objPointerSlice interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
+    all, err := tx.GetAll(query, args...)
+    if err != nil {
+        return err
+    }
+    return all.ToStructs(objPointerSlice)
+}
+
+// 将结果转换为指定的struct/*struct/[]struct/[]*struct,
+// 参数应该为指针类型，否则返回失败。
+// 该方法自动识别参数类型，调用Struct/Structs方法。
+func (tx *TX) GetScan(objPointer interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
+    t := reflect.TypeOf(objPointer)
+    k := t.Kind()
+    if k != reflect.Ptr {
+        return fmt.Errorf("params should be type of pointer, but got: %v", k)
+    }
+    k = t.Elem().Kind()
+    switch k {
+        case reflect.Array:
+        case reflect.Slice:
+            return tx.db.GetStructs(objPointer, query, args ...)
+        case reflect.Struct:
+            return tx.db.GetStruct(objPointer, query, args ...)
+        default:
+            return fmt.Errorf("element type should be type of struct/slice, unsupported: %v", k)
+    }
+    return nil
+}
+
 // 数据库查询，获取查询字段值
 func (tx *TX) GetValue(query string, args ...interface{}) (Value, error) {
    one, err := tx.GetOne(query, args ...)
@ -129,14 +162,28 @@ func (tx *TX) BatchSave(table string, list interface{}, batch...int) (sql.Result
    return tx.db.doBatchInsert(tx.tx, table, list, OPTION_SAVE, batch...)
 }

-// CURD操作:数据更新，统一采用sql预处理
-// data参数支持字符串或者关联数组类型，内部会自行做判断处理
+// CURD操作:数据更新，统一采用sql预处理,
+// data参数支持字符串或者关联数组类型，内部会自行做判断处理.
 func (tx *TX) Update(table string, data interface{}, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
+    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(condition, args)
+    return tx.doUpdate(table, data, newWhere, newArgs ...)
+}
+
+// 与Update方法的区别是不处理条件参数
+func (tx *TX) doUpdate(table string, data interface{}, condition string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
    return tx.db.doUpdate(tx.tx, table, data, condition, args ...)
 }

 // CURD操作:删除数据
 func (tx *TX) Delete(table string, condition interface{}, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
+    newWhere, newArgs := formatCondition(condition, args)
+    return tx.doDelete(table, newWhere, newArgs ...)
+}
+
+// 与Delete方法的区别是不处理条件参数
+func (tx *TX) doDelete(table string, condition string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
    return tx.db.doDelete(tx.tx, table, condition, args ...)
 }

+
+
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_type_record.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_type_record.go
@ -33,10 +33,6 @@ func (r Record) ToMap() Map {
 }

 // 将Map变量映射到指定的struct对象中，注意参数应当是一个对象的指针
-func (r Record) ToStruct(obj interface{}) error {
-    m := make(map[string]interface{})
-    for k, v := range r {
-        m[k] = v.Val()
-    }
-    return gconv.Struct(m, obj)
+func (r Record) ToStruct(objPointer interface{}) error {
+    return gconv.Struct(r.ToMap(), objPointer)
 }
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_type_result.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_type_result.go
@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 package gdb

 import (
+    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gparser"
+    "reflect"
 )

 // 将结果集转换为JSON字符串
@ -96,3 +98,30 @@ func (r Result) ToUintRecord(key string) map[uint]Record {
    }
    return m
 }
+
+// 将结果列表转换为指定对象的slice。
+func (r Result) ToStructs(objPointerSlice interface{}) error {
+    l := len(r)
+    if l == 0 {
+        return nil
+    }
+    t := reflect.TypeOf(objPointerSlice)
+    if t.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+        return fmt.Errorf("params should be type of pointer, but got: %v", t.Kind())
+    }
+    a := reflect.MakeSlice(t.Elem(), l, l)
+    itemType := a.Index(0).Type()
+    for i := 0; i < l; i++ {
+        if itemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+            e := reflect.New(itemType.Elem()).Elem()
+            r[i].ToStruct(e)
+            a.Index(i).Set(e.Addr())
+        } else {
+            e := reflect.New(itemType).Elem()
+            r[i].ToStruct(e)
+            a.Index(i).Set(e)
+        }
+    }
+    reflect.ValueOf(objPointerSlice).Elem().Set(a)
+    return nil
+}
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_init_test.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_init_test.go
@ -1,11 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright 2019 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
 package gdb_test

 import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/garray"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/database/gdb"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gtime"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
 	"os"
 )

+const (
+    // 初始化表数据量
+    INIT_DATA_SIZE = 10
+)
+
 var (
 	// 数据库对象/接口
 	db gdb.DB
@ -26,10 +41,12 @@ func init() {
 		Priority: 1,
 	}
 	hostname, _ := os.Hostname()
+	// 本地测试hack
 	if hostname == "ijohn" {
 		node.Pass = "12345678"
 	}
-	gdb.AddDefaultConfigNode(node)
+	gdb.AddConfigNode("test",                 node)
+	gdb.AddConfigNode(gdb.DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME, node)
 	if r, err := gdb.New(); err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
 	} else {
@ -39,12 +56,25 @@ func init() {
    if _, err := db.Exec("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `test` CHARACTER SET UTF8"); err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
    }
+    // 选择操作数据库
    db.SetSchema("test")
-    if _, err := db.Exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`"); err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
+    // 创建默认用户表
+    createTable("user")
+}
+
+// 创建指定名称的user测试表，当table为空时，创建随机的表名。
+// 创建的测试表默认没有任何数据。
+// 执行完成后返回该表名。
+// TODO 支持更多数据库
+func createTable(table...string) (name string) {
+    if len(table) > 0 {
+        name = table[0]
+    } else {
+        name = fmt.Sprintf(`user_%d`, gtime.Nanosecond())
    }
-    if _, err := db.Exec(`
-    CREATE TABLE user (
+    dropTable(name)
+    if _, err := db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf(`
+    CREATE TABLE %s (
        id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户ID',
        passport varchar(45) NOT NULL COMMENT '账号',
        password char(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
@ -52,7 +82,38 @@ func init() {
        create_time timestamp NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间/注册时间',
        PRIMARY KEY (id)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-    `); err != nil {
+    `, name)); err != nil {
+        gtest.Fatal(err)
+    }
+    return
+}
+
+// 删除指定表.
+func dropTable(table string) {
+    if _, err := db.Exec(fmt.Sprintf("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `%s`", table)); err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
    }
 }
+
+// See createTable.
+// 创建测试表，并初始化默认数据。
+func createInitTable(table...string) (name string) {
+    name   = createTable(table...)
+    array := garray.New(true)
+    for i := 1; i <= INIT_DATA_SIZE; i++ {
+        array.Append(g.Map{
+            "id"          : i,
+            "passport"    : fmt.Sprintf(`t%d`, i),
+            "password"    : fmt.Sprintf(`p%d`, i),
+            "nickname"    : fmt.Sprintf(`T%d`, i),
+            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+        })
+    }
+    result, err := db.Table(name).Data(array.Slice()).Insert()
+    gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+
+    n, e := result.RowsAffected()
+    gtest.Assert(e, nil)
+    gtest.Assert(n, INIT_DATA_SIZE)
+    return
+}
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_method_test.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_method_test.go
@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-// 方法操作
+// Copyright 2019 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.

 package gdb_test

@ -9,6 +13,15 @@ import (
    "testing"
 )

+func TestDbBase_Ping(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        err1 := db.PingMaster()
+        err2 := db.PingSlave()
+        gtest.Assert(err1, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(err2, nil)
+    })
+}
+
 func TestDbBase_Query(t *testing.T) {
    if _, err := db.Query("SELECT ?", 1); err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
@ -144,57 +157,102 @@ func TestDbBase_Insert(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestDbBase_BatchInsert(t *testing.T) {
-    if r, err := db.BatchInsert("user", g.List {
-        {
-            "id"          : 2,
-            "passport"    : "t2",
-            "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
-            "nickname"    : "T2",
-            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
-        },
-        {
-            "id"          : 3,
-            "passport"    : "t3",
-            "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
-            "nickname"    : "T3",
-            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
-        },
-    }, 1); err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    } else {
-        n, _ := r.RowsAffected()
-        gtest.Assert(n, 2)
-    }
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        if r, err := db.BatchInsert("user", g.List {
+            {
+                "id"          : 2,
+                "passport"    : "t2",
+                "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
+                "nickname"    : "T2",
+                "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+            },
+            {
+                "id"          : 3,
+                "passport"    : "t3",
+                "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
+                "nickname"    : "T3",
+                "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+            },
+        }, 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            n, _ := r.RowsAffected()
+            gtest.Assert(n, 2)
+        }

-    result, err := db.Delete("user", "id>?", 1)
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
-    gtest.Assert(n, 2)
-
-    // []interface{}
-    if r, err := db.BatchInsert("user", []interface{} {
-        map[interface{}]interface{} {
-            "id"          : 2,
-            "passport"    : "t2",
-            "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
-            "nickname"    : "T2",
-            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
-        },
-        map[interface{}]interface{} {
-            "id"          : 3,
-            "passport"    : "t3",
-            "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
-            "nickname"    : "T3",
-            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
-        },
-    }, 1); err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    } else {
-        n, _ := r.RowsAffected()
+        result, err := db.Delete("user", "id>?", 1)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
        gtest.Assert(n, 2)
-    }
+
+        // []interface{}
+        if r, err := db.BatchInsert("user", []interface{} {
+            map[interface{}]interface{} {
+                "id"          : 2,
+                "passport"    : "t2",
+                "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
+                "nickname"    : "T2",
+                "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+            },
+            map[interface{}]interface{} {
+                "id"          : 3,
+                "passport"    : "t3",
+                "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
+                "nickname"    : "T3",
+                "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+            },
+        }, 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            n, _ := r.RowsAffected()
+            gtest.Assert(n, 2)
+        }
+    })
+    // batch insert map
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        table := createTable()
+        defer dropTable(table)
+        result, err := db.BatchInsert(table, g.Map{
+            "id"          : 1,
+            "passport"    : "t1",
+            "password"    : "p1",
+            "nickname"    : "T1",
+            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+        })
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(n, 1)
+    })
+    // batch insert struct
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        table := createTable()
+        defer dropTable(table)
+
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int         `gconv:"id"`
+            Passport   string      `gconv:"passport"`
+            Password   string      `gconv:"password"`
+            NickName   string      `gconv:"nickname"`
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time `gconv:"create_time"`
+        }
+        user := &User{
+            Id          : 1,
+            Passport    : "t1",
+            Password    : "p1",
+            NickName    : "T1",
+            CreateTime  : gtime.Now(),
+        }
+        result, err := db.BatchInsert(table, user)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(n, 1)
+    })
 }

 func TestDbBase_Save(t *testing.T) {
@ -266,19 +324,159 @@ func TestDbBase_GetCount(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestDbBase_GetStruct(t *testing.T) {
-    type User struct {
-        Id         int
-        Passport   string
-        Password   string
-        NickName   string
-        CreateTime gtime.Time
-    }
-    user := new(User)
-    if err := db.GetStruct(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    } else {
-        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
-    }
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := db.GetStruct(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        }
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := db.GetStruct(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+func TestDbBase_GetStructs(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := db.GetStructs(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := db.GetStructs(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+    })
+}
+
+func TestDbBase_GetScan(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := db.GetScan(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        }
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := db.GetScan(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        }
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := db.GetScan(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := db.GetScan(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+    })
 }

 func TestDbBase_Delete(t *testing.T) {
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_model_test.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_model_test.go
@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-// 链式操作
+// Copyright 2019 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.

 package gdb_test

@ -90,29 +94,66 @@ func TestModel_Insert(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestModel_Batch(t *testing.T) {
-    result, err := db.Table("user").Filter().Data(g.List{
-        {
-            "id"          : 2,
-            "uid"         : 2,
-            "passport"    : "t2",
-            "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
-            "nickname"    : "T2",
-            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
-        },
-        {
-            "id"          : 3,
-            "uid"         : 3,
-            "passport"    : "t3",
-            "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
-            "nickname"    : "T3",
-            "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
-        },
-    }).Batch(1).Insert()
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
-    gtest.Assert(n, 2)
+    // batch insert
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Filter().Data(g.List{
+            {
+                "id"          : 2,
+                "uid"         : 2,
+                "passport"    : "t2",
+                "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
+                "nickname"    : "T2",
+                "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+            },
+            {
+                "id"          : 3,
+                "uid"         : 3,
+                "passport"    : "t3",
+                "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
+                "nickname"    : "T3",
+                "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+            },
+        }).Batch(1).Insert()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(n, 2)
+    })
+
+    // batch save
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        table := createInitTable()
+        defer dropTable(table)
+        result, err  := db.Table(table).All()
+        gtest.Assert(err,         nil)
+        gtest.Assert(len(result), INIT_DATA_SIZE)
+        for _, v := range result {
+            v["nickname"].Set(v["nickname"].String() + v["id"].String())
+        }
+        r, e := db.Table(table).Data(result).Save()
+        gtest.Assert(e, nil)
+        n, e := r.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(e, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(n, INIT_DATA_SIZE*2)
+    })
+
+    // batch replace
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        table := createInitTable()
+        defer dropTable(table)
+        result, err  := db.Table(table).All()
+        gtest.Assert(err,         nil)
+        gtest.Assert(len(result), INIT_DATA_SIZE)
+        for _, v := range result {
+            v["nickname"].Set(v["nickname"].String() + v["id"].String())
+        }
+        r, e := db.Table(table).Data(result).Replace()
+        gtest.Assert(e, nil)
+        n, e := r.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(e, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(n, INIT_DATA_SIZE*2)
+    })
 }

 func TestModel_Replace(t *testing.T) {
@ -121,7 +162,7 @@ func TestModel_Replace(t *testing.T) {
        "passport"    : "t11",
        "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
        "nickname"    : "T11",
-        "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+        "create_time" : "2018-10-10 00:01:10",
    }).Replace()
    if err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
@ -136,7 +177,7 @@ func TestModel_Save(t *testing.T) {
        "passport"    : "t111",
        "password"    : "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad",
        "nickname"    : "T111",
-        "create_time" : gtime.Now().String(),
+        "create_time" : "2018-10-10 00:01:10",
    }).Save()
    if err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
@ -146,12 +187,23 @@ func TestModel_Save(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestModel_Update(t *testing.T) {
-    result, err := db.Table("user").Data("passport", "t22").Where("passport=?", "t2").Update()
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
-    gtest.Assert(n, 1)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Data("passport", "t22").Where("passport=?", "t2").Update()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(n, 1)
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Data("passport", "t2").Where("passport='t22'").Update()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+        gtest.Assert(n, 1)
+    })
 }

 func TestModel_Clone(t *testing.T) {
@ -168,13 +220,44 @@ func TestModel_Clone(t *testing.T) {
    if err != nil {
        gtest.Fatal(err)
    }
-    gtest.Assert(count, 2)
-    gtest.Assert(record["id"].Int(), 3)
-    gtest.Assert(len(result), 2)
+    gtest.Assert(count,                 2)
+    gtest.Assert(record["id"].Int(),    3)
+    gtest.Assert(len(result),           2)
    gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 1)
    gtest.Assert(result[1]["id"].Int(), 3)
 }

+func TestModel_Safe(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        md := db.Table("user").Safe(false).Where("id IN(?)", g.Slice{1,3})
+        count, err := md.Count()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(count, 2)
+        md.And("id = ?", 1)
+        count, err = md.Count()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(count, 1)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        md := db.Table("user").Safe(true).Where("id IN(?)", g.Slice{1,3})
+        count, err := md.Count()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(count, 2)
+        md.And("id = ?", 1)
+        count, err = md.Count()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(count, 2)
+    })
+}
+
 func TestModel_All(t *testing.T) {
    result, err := db.Table("user").All()
    if err != nil {
@ -222,19 +305,164 @@ func TestModel_Select(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestModel_Struct(t *testing.T) {
-    type User struct {
-        Id         int
-        Passport   string
-        Password   string
-        NickName   string
-        CreateTime gtime.Time
-    }
-    user := new(User)
-    err := db.Table("user").Where("id=1").Struct(user)
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    gtest.Assert(user.NickName, "T111")
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        err := db.Table("user").Where("id=1").Struct(user)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        err := db.Table("user").Where("id=1").Struct(user)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+}
+
+func TestModel_Structs(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        err := db.Table("user").OrderBy("id asc").Structs(&users)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []*User
+        err := db.Table("user").OrderBy("id asc").Structs(&users)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+}
+
+func TestModel_Scan(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        err := db.Table("user").Where("id=1").Scan(user)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        err := db.Table("user").Where("id=1").Scan(user)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        err := db.Table("user").OrderBy("id asc").Scan(&users)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []*User
+        err := db.Table("user").OrderBy("id asc").Scan(&users)
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T111")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].CreateTime.String(), "2018-10-10 00:01:10")
+    })
 }

 func TestModel_OrderBy(t *testing.T) {
@ -255,19 +483,56 @@ func TestModel_GroupBy(t *testing.T) {
    gtest.Assert(result[0]["nickname"].String(), "T111")
 }

-// where string
-func TestModel_WhereString(t *testing.T) {
+func TestModel_Where(t *testing.T) {
+    // string
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
-        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id=? and nickname=?", 3, "T3").One()
+       result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id=? and nickname=?", 3, "T3").One()
+       if err != nil {
+           gtest.Fatal(err)
+       }
+       gtest.AssertGT(len(result),      0)
+       gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id", 3).One()
+        if err != nil {
+           gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.AssertGT(len(result),      0)
+        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id", 3).Where("nickname", "T3").One()
        if err != nil {
            gtest.Fatal(err)
        }
        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
    })
-}
-
-// where map
-func TestModel_WhereMap(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id", 3).And("nickname", "T3").One()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id", 30).Or("nickname", "T3").One()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id", 30).Or("nickname", "T3").And("id>?", 1).One()
+        gtest.Assert(err,                nil)
+        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id", 30).Or("nickname", "T3").And("id>", 1).One()
+        gtest.Assert(err,                nil)
+        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    // map
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
        result, err := db.Table("user").Where(g.Map{"id" : 3, "nickname" : "T3"}).One()
        if err != nil {
@ -275,10 +540,43 @@ func TestModel_WhereMap(t *testing.T) {
        }
        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
    })
-}
-
-// where struct
-func TestModel_WhereStruct(t *testing.T) {
+    // map key operator
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where(g.Map{"id>" : 1, "id<" : 3}).One()
+        gtest.Assert(err,                nil)
+        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 2)
+    })
+    // complicated where 1
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        //db.SetDebug(true)
+        conditions := g.Map{
+           "nickname like ?"      : "%T%",
+           "id between ? and ?"   : g.Slice{1,3},
+           "id > 0"               : nil,
+           "create_time > 0"      : nil,
+           "id"                   : g.Slice{1,2,3},
+        }
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where(conditions).OrderBy("id asc").All()
+        gtest.Assert(err,                   nil)
+        gtest.Assert(len(result),           3)
+        gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 1)
+    })
+    // complicated where 2
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        //db.SetDebug(true)
+        conditions := g.Map{
+            "nickname like ?"      : "%T%",
+            "id between ? and ?"   : g.Slice{1,3},
+            "id >= ?"              : 1,
+            "create_time > ?"      : 0,
+            "id in(?)"             : g.Slice{1,2,3},
+        }
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where(conditions).OrderBy("id asc").All()
+        gtest.Assert(err,                   nil)
+        gtest.Assert(len(result),           3)
+        gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 1)
+    })
+    // struct
    gtest.Case(t, func() {
        type User struct {
            Id       int    `json:"id"`
@ -296,27 +594,53 @@ func TestModel_WhereStruct(t *testing.T) {
        }
        gtest.Assert(result["id"].Int(), 3)
    })
-}
-
-// where slice
-func TestModel_WhereSlice1(t *testing.T) {
-    result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id IN(?)", g.Slice{1,3}).OrderBy("id ASC").All()
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    gtest.Assert(len(result), 2)
-    gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 1)
-    gtest.Assert(result[1]["id"].Int(), 3)
-}
-
-// where slice
-func TestModel_WhereSlice2(t *testing.T) {
-    result, err := db.Table("user").Where("nickname=? AND id IN(?)", "T3", g.Slice{1,3}).OrderBy("id ASC").All()
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    gtest.Assert(len(result), 1)
-    gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 3)
+    // slice single
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("id IN(?)", g.Slice{1, 3}).OrderBy("id ASC").All()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(result), 2)
+        gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 1)
+        gtest.Assert(result[1]["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    // slice + string
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where("nickname=? AND id IN(?)", "T3", g.Slice{1,3}).OrderBy("id ASC").All()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(result), 1)
+        gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    // slice + map
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where(g.Map{
+            "id"       : g.Slice{1,3},
+            "nickname" : "T3",
+        }).OrderBy("id ASC").All()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(result), 1)
+        gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
+    // slice + struct
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        type User struct {
+            Ids      []int  `json:"id"`
+            Nickname string `gconv:"nickname"`
+        }
+        result, err := db.Table("user").Where(User{
+            Ids      : []int{1, 3},
+            Nickname : "T3",
+        }).OrderBy("id ASC").All()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(result), 1)
+        gtest.Assert(result[0]["id"].Int(), 3)
+    })
 }

 func TestModel_Delete(t *testing.T) {
--- a/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_transaction_test.go
+++ b/g/database/gdb/gdb_unit_transaction_test.go
@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-// 事务操作
+// Copyright 2019 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.

 package gdb_test

@ -267,6 +271,29 @@ func TestTX_Save(t *testing.T) {
    }
 }

+func TestTX_Update(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        if result, err := db.Update("user", "create_time='2010-10-10 00:00:01'", "id=3"); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            n, _ := result.RowsAffected()
+            gtest.Assert(n, 1)
+        }
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        if value, err := db.Table("user").Fields("create_time").Where("id", 3).Value(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        } else {
+            gtest.Assert(value.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        }
+    })
+}
+
 func TestTX_GetAll(t *testing.T) {
    tx, err := db.Begin()
    if err != nil {
@ -331,26 +358,215 @@ func TestTX_GetCount(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestTX_GetStruct(t *testing.T) {
-    tx, err := db.Begin()
-    if err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
-    type User struct {
-        Id         int
-        Passport   string
-        Password   string
-        NickName   string
-        CreateTime gtime.Time
-    }
-    user := new(User)
-    if err := tx.GetStruct(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 1); err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    } else {
-        gtest.Assert(user.NickName, "T11")
-    }
-    if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
-        gtest.Fatal(err)
-    }
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := tx.GetStruct(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := tx.GetStruct(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+func TestTX_GetStructs(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := tx.GetStructs(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  4)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T11")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := tx.GetStructs(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  4)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T11")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+func TestTX_GetScan(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := tx.GetScan(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        user := new(User)
+        if err := tx.GetScan(user, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=?", 3); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(user.NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(user.CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := tx.GetScan(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  4)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T11")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tx, err := db.Begin()
+        if err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        type User struct {
+            Id         int
+            Passport   string
+            Password   string
+            NickName   string
+            CreateTime *gtime.Time
+        }
+        var users []User
+        if err := tx.GetScan(&users, "SELECT * FROM user WHERE id>=?", 1); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(len(users),  4)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].Id, 1)
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].Id, 2)
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].Id, 3)
+        gtest.Assert(users[0].NickName,            "T11")
+        gtest.Assert(users[1].NickName,            "T2")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].NickName,            "T3")
+        gtest.Assert(users[2].CreateTime.String(), "2010-10-10 00:00:01")
+        if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+            gtest.Fatal(err)
+        }
+    })
 }

 func TestTX_Delete(t *testing.T) {
--- a/g/database/gredis/gredis.go
+++ b/g/database/gredis/gredis.go
@ -11,30 +11,36 @@
 package gredis

 import (
-    "time"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/third/github.com/gomodule/redigo/redis"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gmap"
    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gmap"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/third/github.com/gomodule/redigo/redis"
+    "time"
 )

 const (
-    gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_IDLE      = 1
-    gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_ACTIVE    = 10
-    gDEFAULT_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT  = 180 * time.Second
-    gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_LIFE_TIME = 60  * time.Second
+    gDEFAULT_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT  = 60 * time.Second
+    gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_LIFE_TIME = 60 * time.Second
 )

-// Redis客户端
+// Redis客户端(管理连接池)
 type Redis struct {
-    pool *redis.Pool
+    pool   *redis.Pool
+    config Config
 }

+// Redis连接对象(连接池中的单个连接)
+type Conn redis.Conn
+
 // Redis服务端但节点连接配置信息
 type Config struct {
-    Host string // IP/域名
-    Port int    // 端口
-    Db   int    // db
-    Pass string // 密码
+    Host            string        // 地址
+    Port            int           // 端口
+    Db              int           // 数据库
+    Pass            string        // 授权密码
+    MaxIdle         int           // 最大允许空闲存在的连接数(默认为0表示不存在闲置连接)
+    MaxActive       int           // 最大连接数量限制(默认为0表示不限制)
+    IdleTimeout     time.Duration // 连接最大空闲时间(默认为60秒,不允许设置为0)
+    MaxConnLifetime time.Duration // 连接最长存活时间(默认为60秒,不允许设置为0)
 }

 // Redis链接池统计信息
@ -45,88 +51,122 @@ type PoolStats struct {
 // 连接池map
 var pools = gmap.NewStringInterfaceMap()

+// New creates a redis client object with given configuration.
+// Redis client maintains a connection pool automatically.
+//
 // 创建redis操作对象.
 func New(config Config) *Redis {
-    r       := &Redis{}
-    poolKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d,%d", config.Host, config.Port, config.Db)
-    if v := pools.Get(poolKey); v == nil {
-        pool := &redis.Pool {
-            MaxIdle         : gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_IDLE,
-            MaxActive       : gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_ACTIVE,
-            IdleTimeout     : gDEFAULT_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT,
-            MaxConnLifetime : gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_LIFE_TIME,
-            Dial            : func() (redis.Conn, error) {
-                c, err := redis.Dial("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", config.Host, config.Port))
-                if err != nil {
-                    return nil, err
-                }
-                if len(config.Pass) > 0 {
-                    if _, err := c.Do("AUTH", config.Pass); err != nil {
+    if config.IdleTimeout == 0 {
+        config.IdleTimeout = gDEFAULT_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT
+    }
+    if config.MaxConnLifetime == 0 {
+        config.MaxConnLifetime = gDEFAULT_POOL_MAX_LIFE_TIME
+    }
+    return &Redis{
+        config : config,
+        pool   : pools.GetOrSetFuncLock(fmt.Sprintf("%v", config), func() interface{} {
+            return &redis.Pool {
+                IdleTimeout     : config.IdleTimeout,
+                MaxConnLifetime : config.MaxConnLifetime,
+                Dial            : func() (redis.Conn, error) {
+                    c, err := redis.Dial("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", config.Host, config.Port))
+                    if err != nil {
                        return nil, err
                    }
-                }
-                if _, err := c.Do("SELECT", config.Db); err != nil {
-                    return nil, err
-                }
-                return c, nil
-            },
-            // 用来测试连接是否可用
-            TestOnBorrow: func(c redis.Conn, t time.Time) error {
-			    _, err := c.Do("PING")
-			    return err
-		    },
-        }
-        pools.Set(poolKey, pool)
-        r.pool = pool
-    } else {
-        r.pool = v.(*redis.Pool)
+                    // 密码设置
+                    if len(config.Pass) > 0 {
+                        if _, err := c.Do("AUTH", config.Pass); err != nil {
+                            return nil, err
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // 数据库设置
+                    if _, err := c.Do("SELECT", config.Db); err != nil {
+                        return nil, err
+                    }
+                    return c, nil
+                },
+                // 用来测试连接是否可用
+                TestOnBorrow: func(c redis.Conn, t time.Time) error {
+                    _, err := c.Do("PING")
+                    return err
+                },
+            }
+        }).(*redis.Pool),
    }
-    return r
 }

-// 关闭redis管理对象，将会关闭底层的
+// Close closes the redis connection pool,
+// it will release all connections reserved by this pool.
+//
+// 关闭redis管理对象，将会关闭底层的连接池。
 func (r *Redis) Close() error {
+    pools.Remove(fmt.Sprintf("%v", r.config))
    return r.pool.Close()
 }

-// 获得一个原生的redis连接对象，用于自定义连接操作，
-// 但是需要注意的是如果不再使用该连接对象时，需要手动Close连接，否则会造成连接数超限。
-func (r *Redis) GetConn() redis.Conn {
-    return r.pool.Get()
+// See GetConn.
+func (r *Redis) Conn() Conn {
+    return r.GetConn()
 }

+// GetConn returns a raw connection object,
+// which expose more methods communication with server.
+// **You should call Close function manually if you do not use this connection any further.**
+//
+// 获得一个原生的redis连接对象，用于自定义连接操作，
+// 但是需要注意的是如果不再使用该连接对象时，需要手动Close连接，否则会造成连接数超限。
+func (r *Redis) GetConn() Conn {
+    return r.pool.Get().(Conn)
+}
+
+// SetMaxIdle sets the MaxIdle attribute of the connection pool.
+//
 // 设置属性 - MaxIdle
 func (r *Redis) SetMaxIdle(value int) {
    r.pool.MaxIdle = value
 }

+// SetMaxIdle sets the MaxActive attribute of the connection pool.
+//
 // 设置属性 - MaxActive
 func (r *Redis) SetMaxActive(value int) {
    r.pool.MaxActive = value
 }

+// SetMaxIdle sets the IdleTimeout attribute of the connection pool.
+//
 // 设置属性 - IdleTimeout
 func (r *Redis) SetIdleTimeout(value time.Duration) {
    r.pool.IdleTimeout = value
 }

+// SetMaxIdle sets the MaxConnLifetime attribute of the connection pool.
+//
 // 设置属性 - MaxConnLifetime
 func (r *Redis) SetMaxConnLifetime(value time.Duration) {
    r.pool.MaxConnLifetime = value
 }

-// 获取当前连接池统计信息
+// Stats returns pool's statistics.
+//
+// 获取当前连接池统计信息。
 func (r *Redis) Stats() *PoolStats {
    return &PoolStats{r.pool.Stats()}
 }

-// 执行同步命令 - Do
+// Do sends a command to the server and returns the received reply.
+// Do automatically get a connection from pool, and close it when reply received.
+//
+// 执行同步命令，自动从连接池中获取连接，使用完毕后关闭连接（丢回连接池），开发者不用自行Close.
 func (r *Redis) Do(command string, args ...interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
    conn := r.pool.Get()
    defer conn.Close()
    return conn.Do(command, args...)
 }

+// Deprecated.
+// Send writes the command to the client's output buffer.
+//
 // 执行异步命令 - Send
 func (r *Redis) Send(command string, args ...interface{}) error {
    conn := r.pool.Get()
--- a/g/database/gredis/gredis_unit_test.go
+++ b/g/database/gredis/gredis_unit_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+// Copyright 2019 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gredis_test
+
+import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/database/gredis"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+var (
+    config = gredis.Config{
+        Host : "127.0.0.1",
+        Port : 6379,
+        Db   : 1,
+    }
+)
+
+func Test_NewClose(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        redis := gredis.New(config)
+        gtest.AssertNE(redis, nil)
+        err := redis.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Do(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        redis := gredis.New(config)
+        defer redis.Close()
+        _, err := redis.Do("SET", "k", "v")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+
+        r, err := redis.Do("GET", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r, []byte("v"))
+
+        _, err  = redis.Do("DEL", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        r, err  = redis.Do("GET", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r, nil)
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Send(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        redis := gredis.New(config)
+        defer redis.Close()
+        err := redis.Send("SET", "k", "v")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+
+        r, err := redis.Do("GET", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r,   []byte("v"))
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Stats(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        redis := gredis.New(config)
+        defer redis.Close()
+        redis.SetMaxIdle(2)
+        redis.SetMaxActive(100)
+        redis.SetIdleTimeout(500*time.Millisecond)
+        redis.SetMaxConnLifetime(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+        array := make([]gredis.Conn, 0)
+        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+            array = append(array, redis.Conn())
+        }
+        stats := redis.Stats()
+        gtest.Assert(stats.ActiveCount, 10)
+        gtest.Assert(stats.IdleCount,    0)
+        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+            array[i].Close()
+        }
+        stats  = redis.Stats()
+        gtest.Assert(stats.ActiveCount,  2)
+        gtest.Assert(stats.IdleCount,    2)
+        //time.Sleep(3000*time.Millisecond)
+        //stats  = redis.Stats()
+        //fmt.Println(stats)
+        //gtest.Assert(stats.ActiveCount,  0)
+        //gtest.Assert(stats.IdleCount,    0)
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Conn(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        redis := gredis.New(config)
+        defer redis.Close()
+        conn := redis.Conn()
+        defer conn.Close()
+
+        r, err := conn.Do("GET", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r,   []byte("v"))
+
+        _, err  = conn.Do("DEL", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        r, err  = conn.Do("GET", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r, nil)
+    })
+}
--- a/g/encoding/gjson/gjson.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gjson/gjson.go
@ -8,21 +8,21 @@
 package gjson

 import (
-    "errors"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
-    "strings"
-    "strconv"
-    "io/ioutil"
    "encoding/json"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gtoml"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gxml"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gyaml"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gtoml"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
-    "time"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/rwmutex"
-    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfcache"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
+    "reflect"
+    "strconv"
+    "strings"
+    "time"
 )

 const (
@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ func NewUnsafe(value...interface{}) *Json {
    return New(nil, true)
 }

+// 识别当前给定内容是否为JSON格式
+func Valid (v interface{}) bool {
+    return json.Valid(gconv.Bytes(v))
+}
+
 // 编码go变量为json字符串，并返回json字符串指针
 func Encode (v interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
    return json.Marshal(v)
@ -110,11 +115,7 @@ func DecodeToJson (b []byte) (*Json, error) {

 // 支持多种配置文件类型转换为json格式内容并解析为gjson.Json对象
 func Load (path string) (*Json, error) {
-    data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
-    if err != nil {
-        return nil, err
-    }
-    return LoadContent(data, gfile.Ext(path))
+    return LoadContent(gfcache.GetBinContents(path), gfile.Ext(path))
 }

 // 支持的配置文件格式：xml, json, yaml/yml, toml,
@ -485,16 +486,28 @@ done:
 // 数据结构转换，map参数必须转换为map[string]interface{}，数组参数必须转换为[]interface{}
 func (j *Json) convertValue(value interface{}) interface{} {
    switch value.(type) {
-    case map[string]interface{}:
-        return value
-    case []interface{}:
-        return value
-    default:
-        // 这里效率会比较低，当然比直接用反射也不会差到哪儿去
-        // 为了操作的灵活性，牺牲了一定的效率
-        b, _ := Encode(value)
-        v, _ := Decode(b)
-        return v
+        case map[string]interface{}:
+            return value
+        case []interface{}:
+            return value
+        default:
+            rv   := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+            kind := rv.Kind()
+            if kind == reflect.Ptr {
+                rv   = rv.Elem()
+                kind = rv.Kind()
+            }
+            switch kind {
+                case reflect.Array:  return gconv.Interfaces(value)
+                case reflect.Slice:  return gconv.Interfaces(value)
+                case reflect.Map:    return gconv.Map(value)
+                case reflect.Struct: return gconv.Map(value)
+                default:
+                    // 最后使用JSON编解码
+                    b, _ := Encode(value)
+                    v, _ := Decode(b)
+                    return v
+            }
    }
 }

@ -502,23 +515,23 @@ func (j *Json) convertValue(value interface{}) interface{} {
 // 返回修改后的父级指针
 func (j *Json) setPointerWithValue(pointer *interface{}, key string, value interface{}) *interface{} {
    switch (*pointer).(type) {
-    case map[string]interface{}:
-        (*pointer).(map[string]interface{})[key] = value
-        return &value
-    case []interface{}:
-        n, _ := strconv.Atoi(key)
-        if len((*pointer).([]interface{})) > n {
-            (*pointer).([]interface{})[n] = value
-            return &(*pointer).([]interface{})[n]
-        } else {
-            s := make([]interface{}, n + 1)
-            copy(s, (*pointer).([]interface{}))
-            s[n] = value
-            *pointer = s
-            return &s[n]
-        }
-    default:
-        *pointer = value
+        case map[string]interface{}:
+            (*pointer).(map[string]interface{})[key] = value
+            return &value
+        case []interface{}:
+            n, _ := strconv.Atoi(key)
+            if len((*pointer).([]interface{})) > n {
+                (*pointer).([]interface{})[n] = value
+                return &(*pointer).([]interface{})[n]
+            } else {
+                s := make([]interface{}, n + 1)
+                copy(s, (*pointer).([]interface{}))
+                s[n] = value
+                *pointer = s
+                return &s[n]
+            }
+        default:
+            *pointer = value
    }
    return pointer
 }
@ -538,7 +551,7 @@ func (j *Json) Get(pattern...string) interface{} {
    if j.vc {
        result = j.getPointerByPattern(queryPattern)
    } else {
-        result = j.getPointerByPatternWithoutSplitCharViolenceCheck(queryPattern)
+        result = j.getPointerByPatternWithoutViolenceCheck(queryPattern)
    }
    if result != nil {
        return *result
@ -546,17 +559,23 @@ func (j *Json) Get(pattern...string) interface{} {
    return nil
 }

-// 计算指定pattern的元素长度(pattern对应数据类型为map[string]interface{}/[]interface{}时有效)
+// 判断锁给定pattern是否数据存在
+func (j *Json) Contains(pattern...string) bool {
+    return j.Get(pattern...) != nil
+}
+
+// 计算指定pattern的元素长度(pattern对应数据类型为map/slice时有效)。
+// 当pattern对应的数据类型非map/slice时，返回-1。
 func (j *Json) Len(pattern string) int {
    p := j.getPointerByPattern(pattern)
    if p != nil {
        switch (*p).(type) {
-        case map[string]interface{}:
-            return len((*p).(map[string]interface{}))
-        case []interface{}:
-            return len((*p).([]interface{}))
-        default:
-            return -1
+            case map[string]interface{}:
+                return len((*p).(map[string]interface{}))
+            case []interface{}:
+                return len((*p).([]interface{}))
+            default:
+                return -1
        }
    }
    return -1
@ -564,14 +583,27 @@ func (j *Json) Len(pattern string) int {

 // 指定pattern追加元素
 func (j *Json) Append(pattern string, value interface{}) error {
-    length := j.Len(pattern)
-    if length != -1 {
-        return j.Set(fmt.Sprintf("%s.%d", pattern, length), value)
+    p := j.getPointerByPattern(pattern)
+    if p == nil {
+        return j.Set(fmt.Sprintf("%s.0", pattern), value)
    }
-    return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("cannot find item for pattern: %s", pattern))
+    switch (*p).(type) {
+        case []interface{}:
+            return j.Set(fmt.Sprintf("%s.%d", pattern, len((*p).([]interface{}))), value)
+    }
+    return fmt.Errorf("invalid variable type of %s", pattern)
 }

-// 根据pattern层级查找**变量指针**
+// 根据pattern获取对应元素项的指针
+func (j *Json) getPointerByPattern(pattern string) *interface{} {
+    if j.vc {
+        return j.getPointerByPatternWithViolenceCheck(pattern)
+    } else {
+        return j.getPointerByPatternWithoutViolenceCheck(pattern)
+    }
+}
+
+// 根据pattern层级查找**变量指针**, 执行冲突检测。
 // 检索方式：例如检索 a.a.a ，值为1
 // 1. 检索 a.a.a.a 是否存在对应map的键名；
 // 2. 检索 a.a.a   是否存在对应map的键名；
@ -583,7 +615,10 @@ func (j *Json) Append(pattern string, value interface{}) error {
 // 8. 在m2中检索 a.a   否存在对应map的键名；
 // 9. 在m2中检索 a     否存在对应map的键名，检索到有值，值为1；
 // 这样检索的复杂度很高，主要是为了避免键名中存在分隔符号(默认为".")的情况，避免歧义。
-func (j *Json) getPointerByPattern(pattern string) *interface{} {
+func (j *Json) getPointerByPatternWithViolenceCheck(pattern string) *interface{} {
+    if !j.vc {
+        return j.getPointerByPatternWithoutViolenceCheck(pattern)
+    }
    index   := len(pattern)
    start   := 0
    length  := 0
@ -619,7 +654,10 @@ func (j *Json) getPointerByPattern(pattern string) *interface{} {
 }

 // 层级检索，内部不执行分隔符冲突检查，检索效率会有所提高，但是冲突需要开发者自己根据自定义的分隔符来进行解决
-func (j *Json) getPointerByPatternWithoutSplitCharViolenceCheck(pattern string) *interface{} {
+func (j *Json) getPointerByPatternWithoutViolenceCheck(pattern string) *interface{} {
+    if j.vc {
+        return j.getPointerByPatternWithViolenceCheck(pattern)
+    }
    pointer := j.p
    if len(pattern) == 0 {
        return pointer
@ -639,21 +677,21 @@ func (j *Json) getPointerByPatternWithoutSplitCharViolenceCheck(pattern string)
    return nil
 }

-// 判断给定的key在当前的pointer下是否有值，并返回对应的pointer
+// 判断给定的key在当前的pointer下是否有值，并返回对应的pointer,
 // 注意这里返回的指针都是临时变量的内存地址
 func (j *Json) checkPatternByPointer(key string, pointer *interface{}) *interface{} {
    switch (*pointer).(type) {
-    case map[string]interface{}:
-        if v, ok := (*pointer).(map[string]interface{})[key]; ok {
-            return &v
-        }
-    case []interface{}:
-        if gstr.IsNumeric(key) {
-            n, err := strconv.Atoi(key)
-            if err == nil && len((*pointer).([]interface{})) > n {
-                return &(*pointer).([]interface{})[n]
+        case map[string]interface{}:
+            if v, ok := (*pointer).(map[string]interface{})[key]; ok {
+                return &v
+            }
+        case []interface{}:
+            if gstr.IsNumeric(key) {
+                n, err := strconv.Atoi(key)
+                if err == nil && len((*pointer).([]interface{})) > n {
+                    return &(*pointer).([]interface{})[n]
+                }
            }
-        }
    }
    return nil
 }
--- a/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_bench_test.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_bench_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gjson_test
+
+import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gjson"
+    "testing"
+)
+
+func Benchmark_Set1(b *testing.B) {
+    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+        p := gjson.New(map[string]string{
+            "k1" : "v1",
+            "k2" : "v2",
+        })
+        p.Set("k1.k11", []int{1,2,3})
+    }
+}
+
+func Benchmark_Set2(b *testing.B) {
+    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+        p := gjson.New([]string{"a"})
+        p.Set("0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0", []int{1,2,3})
+    }
+}
+
--- a/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_unit_test.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gjson/gjson_unit_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gjson_test
+
+import (
+    "bytes"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gjson"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+)
+
+func Test_Set1(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"k1":{"k11":[1,2,3]},"k2":"v2"}`)
+    p := gjson.New(map[string]string{
+        "k1" : "v1",
+        "k2" : "v2",
+    })
+    p.Set("k1.k11", []int{1,2,3})
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, []byte(`{"k1":{"k11":[1,2,3]},"k2":"v2"}`)) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set2(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`[[null,1]]`)
+    p := gjson.New([]string{"a"})
+    p.Set("0.1", 1)
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set3(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"kv":{"k1":"v1"}}`)
+    p := gjson.New([]string{"a"})
+    p.Set("kv", map[string]string {
+        "k1" : "v1",
+    })
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set4(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`["a",[{"k1":"v1"}]]`)
+    p := gjson.New([]string{"a"})
+    p.Set("1.0", map[string]string{
+        "k1" : "v1",
+    })
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set5(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[1,2,3]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]`)
+    p := gjson.New([]string{"a"})
+    p.Set("0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0", []int{1,2,3})
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set6(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`["a",[1,2,3]]`)
+    p := gjson.New([]string{"a"})
+    p.Set("1", []int{1,2,3})
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set7(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"0":[null,[1,2,3]],"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}`)
+    p := gjson.New(map[string]string{
+        "k1" : "v1",
+        "k2" : "v2",
+    })
+    p.Set("0.1", []int{1,2,3})
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set8(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"0":[[[[[[null,[1,2,3]]]]]]],"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}`)
+    p := gjson.New(map[string]string{
+        "k1" : "v1",
+        "k2" : "v2",
+    })
+    p.Set("0.0.0.0.0.0.1", []int{1,2,3})
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set9(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"k1":[null,[1,2,3]],"k2":"v2"}`)
+    p := gjson.New(map[string]string{
+        "k1" : "v1",
+        "k2" : "v2",
+    })
+    p.Set("k1.1", []int{1,2,3})
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+
+func Test_Set10(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"a":{"b":{"c":1}}}`)
+    p := gjson.New(nil)
+    p.Set("a.b.c", 1)
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+
+func Test_Set11(t *testing.T) {
+    e    := []byte(`{"a":{"b":{}}}`)
+    p, _ := gjson.LoadContent([]byte(`{"a":{"b":{"c":1}}}`), "json")
+    p.Remove("a.b.c")
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set12(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`[0,1]`)
+    p := gjson.New(nil)
+    p.Set("0", 0)
+    p.Set("1", 1)
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set13(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"array":[0,1]}`)
+    p := gjson.New(nil)
+    p.Set("array.0", 0)
+    p.Set("array.1", 1)
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Set14(t *testing.T) {
+    e := []byte(`{"f":{"a":1}}`)
+    p := gjson.New(nil)
+    p.Set("f",   "m")
+    p.Set("f.a", 1)
+    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
+        
+        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
+            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
+        }
+    } else {
+        t.Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+func Test_Len(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := gjson.New(nil)
+        p.Append("a", 1)
+        p.Append("a", 2)
+        gtest.Assert(p.Len("a"), 2)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := gjson.New(nil)
+        p.Append("a.b", 1)
+        p.Append("a.c", 2)
+        gtest.Assert(p.Len("a"), 2)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := gjson.New(nil)
+        p.Set("a", 1)
+        gtest.Assert(p.Len("a"), -1)
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Append(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := gjson.New(nil)
+        p.Append("a", 1)
+        p.Append("a", 2)
+        gtest.Assert(p.Get("a"), g.Slice{1, 2})
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := gjson.New(nil)
+        p.Append("a.b", 1)
+        p.Append("a.c", 2)
+        gtest.Assert(p.Get("a"), g.Map{
+            "b" : g.Slice{1},
+            "c" : g.Slice{2},
+        })
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := gjson.New(nil)
+        p.Set("a", 1)
+        err := p.Append("a", 2)
+        gtest.AssertNE(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(p.Get("a"), 1)
+    })
+}
+
+
+
--- a/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_test.go
+++ b/g/encoding/gparser/gparser_test.go
@ -10,9 +10,8 @@ package gparser_test

 import (
    "bytes"
-    "testing"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/encoding/gparser"
-    "fmt"
+    "testing"
 )

 func Test_Set1(t *testing.T) {
@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ func Test_Set1(t *testing.T) {
    })
    p.Set("k1.k11", []int{1,2,3})
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, []byte(`{"k1":{"k11":[1,2,3]},"k2":"v2"}`)) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ func Test_Set2(t *testing.T) {
    p := gparser.New([]string{"a"})
    p.Set("0.1", 1)
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ func Test_Set3(t *testing.T) {
        "k1" : "v1",
    })
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ func Test_Set4(t *testing.T) {
        "k1" : "v1",
    })
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ func Test_Set5(t *testing.T) {
    p := gparser.New([]string{"a"})
    p.Set("0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0", []int{1,2,3})
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ func Test_Set6(t *testing.T) {
    p := gparser.New([]string{"a"})
    p.Set("1", []int{1,2,3})
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ func Test_Set7(t *testing.T) {
    })
    p.Set("0.1", []int{1,2,3})
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ func Test_Set8(t *testing.T) {
    })
    p.Set("0.0.0.0.0.0.1", []int{1,2,3})
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ func Test_Set9(t *testing.T) {
    })
    p.Set("k1.1", []int{1,2,3})
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ func Test_Set10(t *testing.T) {
    p := gparser.New(nil)
    p.Set("a.b.c", 1)
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ func Test_Set11(t *testing.T) {
    p, _ := gparser.LoadContent([]byte(`{"a":{"b":{"c":1}}}`), "json")
    p.Remove("a.b.c")
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -193,7 +192,7 @@ func Test_Set12(t *testing.T) {
    p.Set("0", 0)
    p.Set("1", 1)
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ func Test_Set13(t *testing.T) {
    p.Set("array.0", 0)
    p.Set("array.1", 1)
    if c, err := p.ToJson(); err == nil {
-        fmt.Println(string(c))
+        
        if bytes.Compare(c, e) != 0 {
            t.Error("expect:", string(e))
        }
--- a/g/frame/gins/gins.go
+++ b/g/frame/gins/gins.go
@ -21,8 +21,10 @@ import (
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfsnotify"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gview"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gconv"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
+    "time"
 )

 const (
@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ func View(name...string) *gview.View {
    }
    key := fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", gFRAME_CORE_COMPONENT_NAME_VIEW, group)
    return instances.GetOrSetFuncLock(key, func() interface{} {
-        path := cmdenv.Get("gf.gview.path", gfile.SelfDir()).String()
+        path := cmdenv.Get("gf.gview.path", gfile.Pwd()).String()
        view := gview.New(path)
        // 添加基于源码的搜索目录检索地址，常用于开发环境调试，只添加入口文件目录
        if p := gfile.MainPkgPath(); p != "" && gfile.Exists(p) {
@ -94,11 +96,22 @@ func Config(file...string) *gcfg.Config {
    }
    return instances.GetOrSetFuncLock(fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", gFRAME_CORE_COMPONENT_NAME_CONFIG, configFile),
        func() interface{} {
-            path   := cmdenv.Get("gf.gcfg.path", gfile.SelfDir()).String()
-            config := gcfg.New(path, configFile)
-            // 添加基于源码的搜索目录检索地址，常用于开发环境调试，只添加入口文件目录
-            if p := gfile.MainPkgPath(); p != "" && gfile.Exists(p) {
-                config.AddPath(p)
+            pwdPath  := gfile.Pwd()
+            envPath  := cmdenv.Get("gf.gcfg.path").String()
+            selfPath := gfile.SelfDir()
+            mainPath := gfile.MainPkgPath()
+            config   := gcfg.New(pwdPath, configFile)
+            // 自定义的环境变量/启动参数路径，优先级最高，覆盖默认的工作目录
+            if envPath != "" && gfile.Exists(envPath) {
+                config.SetPath(envPath)
+            }
+            // 二进制文件执行目录
+            if selfPath != "" && gfile.Exists(selfPath) {
+                config.AddPath(selfPath)
+            }
+            // 开发环境源码main包目录
+            if mainPath != "" && gfile.Exists(mainPath) {
+                config.AddPath(mainPath)
            }
            return config
    }).(*gcfg.Config)
@ -152,18 +165,34 @@ func Database(name...string) gdb.DB {
                        if value, ok := nodem["priority"]; ok {
                            node.Priority = gconv.Int(value)
                        }
+                        // Deprecated
                        if value, ok := nodem["linkinfo"]; ok {
                            node.Linkinfo = gconv.String(value)
                        }
+                        if value, ok := nodem["linkInfo"]; ok {
+                            node.Linkinfo = gconv.String(value)
+                        }
+                        // Deprecated
                        if value, ok := nodem["max-idle"]; ok {
                            node.MaxIdleConnCount = gconv.Int(value)
                        }
+                        if value, ok := nodem["maxIdle"]; ok {
+                            node.MaxIdleConnCount = gconv.Int(value)
+                        }
+                        // Deprecated
                        if value, ok := nodem["max-open"]; ok {
                            node.MaxOpenConnCount = gconv.Int(value)
                        }
+                        if value, ok := nodem["maxOpen"]; ok {
+                            node.MaxOpenConnCount = gconv.Int(value)
+                        }
+                        // Deprecated
                        if value, ok := nodem["max-lifetime"]; ok {
                            node.MaxConnLifetime = gconv.Int(value)
                        }
+                        if value, ok := nodem["maxLifetime"]; ok {
+                            node.MaxConnLifetime = gconv.Int(value)
+                        }
                        cg = append(cg, node)
                    }
                }
@ -197,11 +226,34 @@ func Redis(name...string) *gredis.Redis {
    key    := fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", gFRAME_CORE_COMPONENT_NAME_REDIS, group)
    result := instances.GetOrSetFuncLock(key, func() interface{} {
        if m := config.GetMap("redis"); m != nil {
-            // host:port[,db[,pass]]
+            // host:port[,db,pass?maxIdle=x&maxActive=x&idleTimeout=x&maxConnLifetime=x]
            if v, ok := m[group]; ok {
-                line     := gconv.String(v)
-                array, _ := gregex.MatchString(`(.+):(\d+),{0,1}(\d*),{0,1}(.*)`, line)
-                if len(array) > 4 {
+                line := gconv.String(v)
+                array, _ := gregex.MatchString(`(.+):(\d+),{0,1}(\d*),{0,1}(.*)\?(.+)`, line)
+                if len(array) == 6 {
+                    parse, _ := gstr.Parse(array[5])
+                    config   := gredis.Config{
+                        Host : array[1],
+                        Port : gconv.Int(array[2]),
+                        Db   : gconv.Int(array[3]),
+                        Pass : array[4],
+                    }
+                    if v, ok := parse["maxIdle"]; ok {
+                        config.MaxIdle = gconv.Int(v)
+                    }
+                    if v, ok := parse["maxActive"]; ok {
+                        config.MaxActive = gconv.Int(v)
+                    }
+                    if v, ok := parse["idleTimeout"]; ok {
+                        config.IdleTimeout = gconv.TimeDuration(v)*time.Second
+                    }
+                    if v, ok := parse["maxConnLifetime"]; ok {
+                        config.MaxConnLifetime = gconv.TimeDuration(v)*time.Second
+                    }
+                    return gredis.New(config)
+                }
+                array, _ = gregex.MatchString(`(.+):(\d+),{0,1}(\d*),{0,1}(.*)`, line)
+                if len(array) == 5 {
                    return gredis.New(gredis.Config{
                        Host : array[1],
                        Port : gconv.Int(array[2]),
--- a/g/frame/gins/gins_basic_test.go
+++ b/g/frame/gins/gins_basic_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gins_test
+
+import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gins"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+)
+
+func Test_SetGet(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gins.Set("test-user", 1)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("test-user"),   1)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("none-exists"), nil)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gtest.Assert(gins.GetOrSet("test-1", 1), 1)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("test-1"), 1)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gtest.Assert(gins.GetOrSetFunc("test-2", func() interface{} {
+            return 2
+        }), 2)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("test-2"), 2)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gtest.Assert(gins.GetOrSetFuncLock("test-3", func() interface{} {
+            return 3
+        }), 3)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("test-3"), 3)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gtest.Assert(gins.SetIfNotExist("test-4", 4), true)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("test-4"), 4)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.SetIfNotExist("test-4", 5), false)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Get("test-4"), 4)
+    })
+}
--- a/g/frame/gins/gins_config_test.go
+++ b/g/frame/gins/gins_config_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gins_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gins"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gtime"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+func Test_Config(t *testing.T) {
+    config := `
+# 模板引擎目录
+viewpath = "/home/www/templates/"
+test = "v=1"
+# MySQL数据库配置
+[database]
+    [[database.default]]
+        host     = "127.0.0.1"
+        port     = "3306"
+        user     = "root"
+        pass     = ""
+        name     = "test"
+        type     = "mysql"
+        role     = "master"
+        charset  = "utf8"
+        priority = "1"
+    [[database.default]]
+        host     = "127.0.0.1"
+        port     = "3306"
+        user     = "root"
+        pass     = "8692651"
+        name     = "test"
+        type     = "mysql"
+        role     = "master"
+        charset  = "utf8"
+        priority = "1"
+# Redis数据库配置
+[redis]
+    disk  = "127.0.0.1:6379,0"
+    cache = "127.0.0.1:6379,1"
+`
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gtest.AssertNE(gins.Config(), nil)
+    })
+    // relative path
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := "config.toml"
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(path, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        defer gins.Config().Reload()
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("test"), "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    // for gfsnotify callbacks to refresh cache of config file
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    // relative path, config folder
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := "config/config.toml"
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(path, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        defer gins.Config().Reload()
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("test"), "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    // for gfsnotify callbacks to refresh cache of config file
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := "test.toml"
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(path, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        defer gins.Config().Reload()
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("test"), "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    // for gfsnotify callbacks to refresh cache of config file
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := "config/test.toml"
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(path, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        defer gins.Config().Reload()
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("test"), "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    // for gfsnotify callbacks to refresh cache of config file
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+
+    // absolute path
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), gtime.Nanosecond())
+        file := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%s`, path, "config.toml")
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(file, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(file)
+        defer gins.Config().Reload()
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().AddPath(path), nil)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("test"),   "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%d/config`, gfile.TempDir(), gtime.Nanosecond())
+        file := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%s`, path, "config.toml")
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(file, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(file)
+        defer gins.Config().Reload()
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().AddPath(path), nil)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("test"),   "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config().Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), gtime.Nanosecond())
+        file := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%s`, path, "test.toml")
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(file, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(file)
+        defer gins.Config("test.toml").Reload()
+
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").AddPath(path), nil)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("test"),   "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%d/config`, gfile.TempDir(), gtime.Nanosecond())
+        file := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%s`, path, "test.toml")
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(file, config)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(file)
+        defer gins.Config("test.toml").Reload()
+
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").AddPath(path), nil)
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("test"),   "v=1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("database.default.1.host"), "127.0.0.1")
+        gtest.Assert(gins.Config("test.toml").Get("redis.disk"), "127.0.0.1:6379,0")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/frame/gins/gins_database_test.go
+++ b/g/frame/gins/gins_database_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gins_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gins"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+func Test_Database(t *testing.T) {
+    config := `
+# 模板引擎目录
+viewpath = "/home/www/templates/"
+test = "v=2"
+# MySQL数据库配置
+[database]
+    [[database.default]]
+        host     = "127.0.0.1"
+        port     = "3306"
+        user     = "root"
+        pass     = ""
+        # pass     = "12345678"
+        name     = "test"
+        type     = "mysql"
+        role     = "master"
+        charset  = "utf8"
+        priority = "1"
+    [[database.test]]
+        host     = "127.0.0.1"
+        port     = "3306"
+        user     = "root"
+        pass     = ""
+        # pass     = "12345678"
+        name     = "test"
+        type     = "mysql"
+        role     = "master"
+        charset  = "utf8"
+        priority = "1"
+# Redis数据库配置
+[redis]
+    default = "127.0.0.1:6379,0"
+    cache = "127.0.0.1:6379,1"
+`
+    path := "config.toml"
+    err  := gfile.PutContents(path, config)
+    gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+    defer gfile.Remove(path)
+    defer gins.Config().Reload()
+
+    // for gfsnotify callbacks to refresh cache of config file
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        fmt.Println("gins Test_Database", gins.Config().Get("test"))
+
+        dbDefault := gins.Database()
+        dbTest    := gins.Database("test")
+        gtest.AssertNE(dbDefault, nil)
+        gtest.AssertNE(dbTest,    nil)
+
+        gtest.Assert(dbDefault.PingMaster(), nil)
+        gtest.Assert(dbDefault.PingSlave(),  nil)
+        gtest.Assert(dbTest.PingMaster(),    nil)
+        gtest.Assert(dbTest.PingSlave(),     nil)
+    })
+}
+
--- a/g/frame/gins/gins_redis_test.go
+++ b/g/frame/gins/gins_redis_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gins_test
+
+import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gins"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+func Test_Redis(t *testing.T) {
+    config := `
+# 模板引擎目录
+viewpath = "/home/www/templates/"
+test = "v=3"
+# MySQL数据库配置
+[database]
+    [[database.default]]
+        host     = "127.0.0.1"
+        port     = "3306"
+        user     = "root"
+        pass     = ""
+        # pass     = "12345678"
+        name     = "test"
+        type     = "mysql"
+        role     = "master"
+        charset  = "utf8"
+        priority = "1"
+    [[database.test]]
+        host     = "127.0.0.1"
+        port     = "3306"
+        user     = "root"
+        pass     = ""
+        # pass     = "12345678"
+        name     = "test"
+        type     = "mysql"
+        role     = "master"
+        charset  = "utf8"
+        priority = "1"
+# Redis数据库配置
+[redis]
+    default = "127.0.0.1:6379,7"
+    cache   = "127.0.0.1:6379,8"
+    disk    = "127.0.0.1:6379,9,?maxIdle=1&maxActive=10&idleTimeout=10&maxConnLifetime=10"
+`
+    path := "config.toml"
+    err  := gfile.PutContents(path, config)
+    gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+    defer gfile.Remove(path)
+    defer gins.Config().Reload()
+
+    // for gfsnotify callbacks to refresh cache of config file
+    time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        //fmt.Println("gins Test_Redis", gins.Config().Get("test"))
+
+        redisDefault := gins.Redis()
+        redisCache   := gins.Redis("cache")
+        redisDisk    := gins.Redis("disk")
+        gtest.AssertNE(redisDefault, nil)
+        gtest.AssertNE(redisCache,   nil)
+        gtest.AssertNE(redisDisk,   nil)
+
+        r, err := redisDefault.Do("PING")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r,   "PONG")
+
+        r, err  = redisCache.Do("PING")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r,   "PONG")
+
+        _, err  = redisDisk.Do("SET", "k", "v")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        r, err  = redisDisk.Do("GET", "k")
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(r, []byte("v"))
+    })
+}
+
--- a/g/frame/gins/gins_view_test.go
+++ b/g/frame/gins/gins_view_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package gins_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gins"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gtime"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+)
+
+func Test_View(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        gtest.AssertNE(gins.View(), nil)
+        b, e := gins.View().ParseContent(`{{"我是中国人" | substr 2 -1}}`, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(e,         nil)
+        gtest.Assert(string(b), "中国人")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        tpl := "t.tpl"
+        err := gfile.PutContents(tpl, `{{"我是中国人" | substr 2 -1}}`)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(tpl)
+
+        b, e := gins.View().Parse("t.tpl", nil)
+        gtest.Assert(e,         nil)
+        gtest.Assert(string(b), "中国人")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), gtime.Nanosecond())
+        tpl  := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/%s`, path, "t.tpl")
+        err  := gfile.PutContents(tpl, `{{"我是中国人" | substr 2 -1}}`)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        defer gfile.Remove(tpl)
+        err = gins.View().AddPath(path)
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+
+        b, e := gins.View().Parse("t.tpl", nil)
+        gtest.Assert(e,         nil)
+        gtest.Assert(string(b), "中国人")
+    })
+}
+
--- a/g/g.go
+++ b/g/g.go
@ -3,34 +3,51 @@
 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
 // If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
-// 常用数据类型以及对象封装

 package g

 import "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gvar"

-// 框架动态变量，可以用该类型替代interface{}类型
-type Var       = gvar.Var
+// Universal variable type, like generics.
+//
+// 动态变量类型，可以用该类型替代interface{}类型
+type Var        = gvar.Var

+// Frequently-used map type alias.
+//
 // 常用map数据结构(使用别名)
 type Map        = map[string]interface{}
+type MapAnyAny  = map[interface{}]interface{}
+type MapAnyStr  = map[interface{}]string
+type MapAnyInt  = map[interface{}]int
+type MapStrAny  = map[string]interface{}
 type MapStrStr  = map[string]string
 type MapStrInt  = map[string]int
+type MapIntAny  = map[int]interface{}
 type MapIntStr  = map[int]string
 type MapIntInt  = map[int]int

+// Frequently-used slice type alias.
+//
 // 常用list数据结构(使用别名)
 type List       = []Map
+type ListAnyStr = []map[interface{}]string
+type ListAnyInt = []map[interface{}]int
+type ListStrAny = []map[string]interface{}
 type ListStrStr = []map[string]string
 type ListStrInt = []map[string]int
+type ListIntAny = []map[int]interface{}
 type ListIntStr = []map[int]string
 type ListIntInt = []map[int]int

-
+// Frequently-used slice type alias.
+//
 // 常用slice数据结构(使用别名)
 type Slice      = []interface{}
+type SliceAny   = []interface{}
 type SliceStr   = []string
 type SliceInt   = []int
-type Array      = Slice
-type ArrayStr   = SliceStr
-type ArrayInt   = SliceInt
+type Array      = []interface{}
+type ArrayAny   = []interface{}
+type ArrayStr   = []string
+type ArrayInt   = []int
--- a/g/g_func.go
+++ b/g/g_func.go
@ -7,20 +7,10 @@
 package g

 import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gvar"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/internal/empty"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/util/gutil"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gvar"
-)
-
-const (
-    LOG_LEVEL_ALL  = glog.LEVEL_ALL
-    LOG_LEVEL_DEBU = glog.LEVEL_DEBU
-    LOG_LEVEL_INFO = glog.LEVEL_INFO
-    LOG_LEVEL_NOTI = glog.LEVEL_NOTI
-    LOG_LEVEL_WARN = glog.LEVEL_WARN
-    LOG_LEVEL_ERRO = glog.LEVEL_ERRO
-    LOG_LEVEL_CRIT = glog.LEVEL_CRIT
 )

 // NewVar creates a *Var.
@ -39,11 +29,18 @@ func Wait() {

 // Dump dumps a variable to stdout with more manually readable.
 //
-// 打印变量
+// 格式化打印变量.
 func Dump(i...interface{}) {
    gutil.Dump(i...)
 }

+// Export exports a variable to string with more manually readable.
+//
+// 格式化导出变量.
+func Export(i...interface{}) string {
+    return gutil.Export(i...)
+}
+
 // Throw throws a exception, which can be caught by Catch function.
 // It always be used in TryCatch function.
 //
@ -55,4 +52,15 @@ func Throw(exception interface{}) {
 // TryCatch does the try...catch... logic.
 func TryCatch(try func(), catch ... func(exception interface{})) {
    gutil.TryCatch(try, catch...)
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks given value empty or not.
+// false: integer(0), bool(false), slice/map(len=0), nil;
+// true : other.
+//
+// 判断给定的变量是否为空。
+// 整型为0, 布尔为false, slice/map长度为0, 其他为nil的情况，都为空。
+// 为空时返回true，否则返回false。
+func IsEmpty(value interface{}) bool {
+    return empty.IsEmpty(value)
 }
--- a/g/internal/cmdenv/cmdenv.go
+++ b/g/internal/cmdenv/cmdenv.go
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 // 规则:
 // 1、命令行参数以小写字母格式，使用: gf.包名.变量名 传递；
 // 2、环境变量参数以大写字母格式，使用: GF_包名_变量名 传递；
-func Get(key string, def...interface{}) *gvar.Var {
+func Get(key string, def...interface{}) gvar.VarRead {
    value := interface{}(nil)
    if len(def) > 0 {
        value = def[0]
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp.go
@ -4,5 +4,7 @@
 // If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.

-// Package ghttp provides quite powerful HTTP server and simple client implementations.
+// Package ghttp provides a powerful http server and a simple client.
+//
+// ghttp是GF框架的核心模块，实现了一个强大的Web Server，并提供了一个简便的HTTP客户端。
 package ghttp
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_client_request_api.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_client_request_api.go
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_client_config.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_client_config.go
@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+// Copyright 2017 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+// HTTP客户端请求.
+
+package ghttp
+
+import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
+    "strings"
+    "time"
+)
+
+// 是否模拟浏览器模式(自动保存提交COOKIE)
+func (c *Client) SetBrowserMode(enabled bool) {
+    c.browserMode = enabled
+}
+
+// 设置HTTP Header
+func (c *Client) SetHeader(key, value string) {
+    c.header[key] = value
+}
+
+// 通过字符串设置HTTP Header
+func (c *Client) SetHeaderRaw(header string) {
+    for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(header), "\n") {
+        array, _ := gregex.MatchString(`^([\w\-]+):\s*(.+)`, line)
+        if len(array) >= 3 {
+            c.header[array[1]] = array[2]
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 设置COOKIE
+func (c *Client) SetCookie(key, value string) {
+    c.cookies[key] = value
+}
+
+// 使用Map设置COOKIE
+func (c *Client) SetCookieMap(cookieMap map[string]string) {
+    for k, v := range cookieMap {
+        c.cookies[k] = v
+    }
+}
+
+// 设置请求的URL前缀
+func (c *Client) SetPrefix(prefix string) {
+    c.prefix = prefix
+}
+
+// 设置请求过期时间
+func (c *Client) SetTimeOut(t time.Duration)  {
+    c.Timeout = t
+}
+
+// 设置HTTP访问账号密码
+func (c *Client) SetBasicAuth(user, pass string) {
+    c.authUser = user
+    c.authPass = pass
+}
+
+// 设置失败重试次数及间隔，失败仅针对网络请求失败情况。
+// 重试间隔时间单位为秒。
+func (c *Client) SetRetry(retryCount int, retryInterval int) {
+    c.retryCount    = retryCount
+    c.retryInterval = retryInterval
+}
+
+// 链式操作, See SetBrowserMode
+func (c *Client) BrowserMode(enabled bool) *Client {
+    c.browserMode = enabled
+    return c
+}
+
+// 链式操作, See SetTimeOut
+func (c *Client) TimeOut(t time.Duration) *Client {
+    c.Timeout = t
+    return c
+}
+
+// 链式操作, See SetBasicAuth
+func (c *Client) BasicAuth(user, pass string) *Client {
+    c.authUser = user
+    c.authPass = pass
+    return c
+}
+
+// 链式操作, See SetRetry
+func (c *Client) Retry(retryCount int, retryInterval int) *Client {
+    c.retryCount    = retryCount
+    c.retryInterval = retryInterval
+    return c
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_client_request_client.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_client_request_client.go
@ -9,89 +9,58 @@
 package ghttp

 import (
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
-    "time"
    "bytes"
-    "strings"
-    "net/http"
-    "mime/multipart"
-    "os"
-    "io"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "encoding/json"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "io"
+    "mime/multipart"
+    "net/http"
+    "os"
+    "strings"
+    "time"
 )

 // http客户端
 type Client struct {
-    http.Client                   // 底层http client对象
-    header      map[string]string // HEADER信息Map
-    cookies     map[string]string // 自定义COOKIE
-    prefix      string            // 设置请求的URL前缀
-    authUser    string            // HTTP基本权限设置：名称
-    authPass    string            // HTTP基本权限设置：密码
-    browserMode bool              // 是否模拟浏览器模式(自动保存提交COOKIE)
+    http.Client                     // 底层http client对象
+    header        map[string]string // HEADER信息Map
+    cookies       map[string]string // 自定义COOKIE
+    prefix        string            // 设置请求的URL前缀
+    authUser      string            // HTTP基本权限设置：名称
+    authPass      string            // HTTP基本权限设置：密码
+    browserMode   bool              // 是否模拟浏览器模式(自动保存提交COOKIE)
+    retryCount    int               // 失败重试次数(网络失败情况下)
+    retryInterval int               // 失败重试间隔
 }

 // http客户端对象指针
-func NewClient() (*Client) {
+func NewClient() *Client {
    return &Client{
        Client : http.Client {
            Transport: &http.Transport {
                DisableKeepAlives: true,
            },
        },
-        header  : make(map[string]string),
-        cookies : make(map[string]string),
+        header        : make(map[string]string),
+        cookies       : make(map[string]string),
    }
 }

-// 是否模拟浏览器模式(自动保存提交COOKIE)
-func (c *Client) SetBrowserMode(enabled bool) {
-    c.browserMode = enabled
-}
-
-// 设置HTTP Header
-func (c *Client) SetHeader(key, value string) {
-    c.header[key] = value
-}
-
-// 通过字符串设置HTTP Header
-func (c *Client) SetHeaderRaw(header string) {
-    for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(header), "\n") {
-        array, _ := gregex.MatchString(`^([\w\-]+):\s*(.+)`, line)
-        if len(array) >= 3 {
-            c.header[array[1]] = array[2]
-        }
+// 克隆当前客户端对象，复制属性。
+func (c *Client) Clone() *Client {
+    newClient := NewClient()
+    *newClient = *c
+    newClient.header  = make(map[string]string)
+    newClient.cookies = make(map[string]string)
+    for k, v := range c.header {
+        newClient.header[k] = v
    }
-}
-
-// 设置COOKIE
-func (c *Client) SetCookie(key, value string) {
-    c.cookies[key] = value
-}
-
-// 使用Map设置COOKIE
-func (c *Client) SetCookieMap(cookieMap map[string]string) {
-    for k, v := range cookieMap {
-        c.cookies[k] = v
+    for k, v := range c.cookies {
+        newClient.cookies[k] = v
    }
-}
-
-// 设置请求的URL前缀
-func (c *Client) SetPrefix(prefix string) {
-    c.prefix = prefix
-}
-
-// 设置请求过期时间
-func (c *Client) SetTimeOut(t time.Duration)  {
-    c.Timeout = t
-}
-
-// 设置HTTP访问账号密码
-func (c *Client) SetBasicAuth(user, pass string) {
-    c.authUser = user
-    c.authPass = pass
+    return newClient
 }

 // GET请求
@ -117,6 +86,7 @@ func (c *Client) Post(url string, data...string) (*ClientResponse, error) {
    }
    req := (*http.Request)(nil)
    if strings.Contains(param, "@file:") {
+        // 文件上传
        buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
        writer := multipart.NewWriter(buffer)
        for _, item := range strings.Split(param, "&") {
@ -150,11 +120,17 @@ func (c *Client) Post(url string, data...string) (*ClientResponse, error) {
            req.Header.Set("Content-Type", writer.FormDataContentType())
        }
    } else {
-        if r, err := http.NewRequest("POST", url, bytes.NewReader([]byte(param))); err != nil {
+        // 识别提交数据格式
+        paramBytes := []byte(param)
+        if r, err := http.NewRequest("POST", url, bytes.NewReader(paramBytes)); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        } else {
            req = r
-            req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+            if json.Valid(paramBytes) {
+                req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+            } else {
+                req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+            }
        }
    }
    // 自定义header
@ -181,9 +157,18 @@ func (c *Client) Post(url string, data...string) (*ClientResponse, error) {
        req.SetBasicAuth(c.authUser, c.authPass)
    }
    // 执行请求
-    resp, err := c.Do(req)
-    if err != nil {
-        return nil, err
+    resp := (*http.Response)(nil)
+    for {
+        if r, err := c.Do(req); err != nil {
+            if c.retryCount > 0 {
+                c.retryCount--
+            } else {
+                return nil, err
+            }
+        } else {
+            resp = r
+            break
+        }
    }
    r := &ClientResponse{
        cookies : make(map[string]string),
@ -303,9 +288,18 @@ func (c *Client) DoRequest(method, url string, data...string) (*ClientResponse,
        }
    }
    // 执行请求
-    resp, err := c.Do(req)
-    if err != nil {
-        return nil, err
+    resp := (*http.Response)(nil)
+    for {
+        if r, err := c.Do(req); err != nil {
+            if c.retryCount > 0 {
+                c.retryCount--
+            } else {
+                return nil, err
+            }
+        } else {
+            resp = r
+            break
+        }
    }
    r := &ClientResponse{
        cookies : make(map[string]string),
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_request.go
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func newRequest(s *Server, r *http.Request, w http.ResponseWriter) *Request {
    return request
 }

-// 获取Web Socket连接对象(如果是非WS请求会失败，注意检查然会的error结果)
+// 获取Web Socket连接对象(如果是非WS请求会失败，注意检查返回的error结果)
 func (r *Request) WebSocket() (*WebSocket, error) {
    if conn, err := wsUpgrader.Upgrade(r.Response.ResponseWriter.ResponseWriter, r.Request, nil); err == nil {
        return &WebSocket {
@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ func (r *Request) GetJson() *gjson.Json {
    if data != nil {
        if j, err := gjson.DecodeToJson(data); err == nil {
            return j
+        } else {
+            panic(err)
        }
    }
    return nil
@ -221,14 +223,14 @@ func (r *Request) GetReferer() string {

 // 获得结构体对象的参数名称标签，构成map返回
 func (r *Request) getStructParamsTagMap(object interface{}) map[string]string {
-    tagmap := make(map[string]string)
+    tagMap := make(map[string]string)
    fields := structs.Fields(object)
    for _, field := range fields {
        if tag := field.Tag("params"); tag != "" {
            for _, v := range strings.Split(tag, ",") {
-                tagmap[strings.TrimSpace(v)] = field.Name()
+                tagMap[strings.TrimSpace(v)] = field.Name()
            }
        }
    }
-    return tagmap
+    return tagMap
 }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_response.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_response.go
@ -45,13 +45,10 @@ func (r *Response) Write(content ... interface{}) {
        return
    }
    for _, v := range content {
-        switch v.(type) {
-            case []byte:
-                // 如果是二进制数据，那么返回二进制数据
-                r.buffer.Write(gconv.Bytes(v))
-
+        switch value := v.(type) {
+            case []byte: r.buffer.Write(value)
+            case string: r.buffer.WriteString(value)
            default:
-                // 否则一律按照可显示的字符串进行转换
                r.buffer.WriteString(gconv.String(v))
        }
    }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_response_view.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_response_view.go
@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ import (
 )

 // 展示模板，可以给定模板参数，及临时的自定义模板函数
-func (r *Response) WriteTpl(tpl string, params map[string]interface{}, funcmap...map[string]interface{}) error {
+func (r *Response) WriteTpl(tpl string, params map[string]interface{}, funcMap...map[string]interface{}) error {
    fmap := make(gview.FuncMap)
-    if len(funcmap) > 0 {
-        fmap = funcmap[0]
+    if len(funcMap) > 0 {
+        fmap = funcMap[0]
    }
    if b, err := r.ParseTpl(tpl, params, fmap); err != nil {
        r.Write("Tpl Parsing Error: " + err.Error())
@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ func (r *Response) WriteTpl(tpl string, params map[string]interface{}, funcmap..
 }

 // 展示模板内容，可以给定模板参数，及临时的自定义模板函数
-func (r *Response) WriteTplContent(content string, params map[string]interface{}, funcmap...map[string]interface{}) error {
+func (r *Response) WriteTplContent(content string, params map[string]interface{}, funcMap...map[string]interface{}) error {
    fmap := make(gview.FuncMap)
-    if len(funcmap) > 0 {
-        fmap = funcmap[0]
+    if len(funcMap) > 0 {
+        fmap = funcMap[0]
    }
    if b, err := r.ParseTplContent(content, params, fmap); err != nil {
        r.Write("Tpl Parsing Error: " + err.Error())
@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ func (r *Response) WriteTplContent(content string, params map[string]interface{}
 }

 // 解析模板文件，并返回模板内容
-func (r *Response) ParseTpl(tpl string, params gview.Params, funcmap...map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+func (r *Response) ParseTpl(tpl string, params gview.Params, funcMap...map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
    fmap := make(gview.FuncMap)
-    if len(funcmap) > 0 {
-        fmap = funcmap[0]
+    if len(funcMap) > 0 {
+        fmap = funcMap[0]
    }
    return gins.View().Parse(tpl, r.buildInVars(params), r.buildInFuncs(fmap))
 }

 // 解析并返回模板内容
-func (r *Response) ParseTplContent(content string, params gview.Params, funcmap...map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+func (r *Response) ParseTplContent(content string, params gview.Params, funcMap...map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
    fmap := make(gview.FuncMap)
-    if len(funcmap) > 0 {
-        fmap = funcmap[0]
+    if len(funcMap) > 0 {
+        fmap = funcMap[0]
    }
    return gins.View().ParseContent(content, r.buildInVars(params), r.buildInFuncs(fmap))
 }
@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ func (r *Response) buildInVars(params map[string]interface{}) map[string]interfa
 }

 // 内置函数
-func (r *Response) buildInFuncs(funcmap map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
-    if funcmap == nil {
-        funcmap = make(map[string]interface{})
+func (r *Response) buildInFuncs(funcMap map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+    if funcMap == nil {
+        funcMap = make(map[string]interface{})
    }
-    funcmap["get"]       = r.funcGet
-    funcmap["post"]      = r.funcPost
-    funcmap["request"]   = r.funcRequest
-    return funcmap
+    funcMap["get"]       = r.funcGet
+    funcMap["post"]      = r.funcPost
+    funcMap["request"]   = r.funcRequest
+    return funcMap
 }

 // 模板内置函数: get
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server.go
@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ func (s *Server) Start() error {
        s.config.Handler = http.HandlerFunc(s.defaultHttpHandle)
    }
    // 不允许访问的路由注册(使用HOOK实现)
-    // @TODO 去掉HOOK的实现方式
+    // TODO 去掉HOOK的实现方式
    if s.config.DenyRoutes != nil {
        for _, v := range s.config.DenyRoutes {
            s.BindHookHandler(v, HOOK_BEFORE_SERVE, func(r *Request) {
@ -398,7 +398,8 @@ func Wait() {
 // 开启底层Web Server执行
 func (s *Server) startServer(fdMap listenerFdMap) {
    var httpsEnabled bool
-    if len(s.config.HTTPSCertPath) > 0 && len(s.config.HTTPSKeyPath) > 0 {
+    // 判断是否启用HTTPS
+    if len(s.config.TLSConfig.Certificates) > 0 || (len(s.config.HTTPSCertPath) > 0 && len(s.config.HTTPSKeyPath) > 0) {
        // ================
        // HTTPS
        // ================
@ -479,7 +480,7 @@ func (s *Server) startServer(fdMap listenerFdMap) {
            s.serverCount.Add(1)
            err := (error)(nil)
            if server.isHttps {
-                err = server.ListenAndServeTLS(s.config.HTTPSCertPath, s.config.HTTPSKeyPath)
+                err = server.ListenAndServeTLS(s.config.HTTPSCertPath, s.config.HTTPSKeyPath, &s.config.TLSConfig)
            } else {
                err = server.ListenAndServe()
            }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_config.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_config.go
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package ghttp

 import (
+    "crypto/tls"
    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ const (
    NAME_TO_URI_TYPE_CAMEL             = 3                // 采用驼峰命名方式
    gDEFAULT_COOKIE_PATH               = "/"              // 默认path
    gDEFAULT_COOKIE_MAX_AGE            = 86400*365        // 默认cookie有效期(一年)
-    gDEFAULT_SESSION_MAX_AGE           = 600              // 默认session有效期(600秒)
+    gDEFAULT_SESSION_MAX_AGE           = 600000           // 默认session有效期(600秒)
    gDEFAULT_SESSION_ID_NAME           = "gfsessionid"    // 默认存放Cookie中的SessionId名称
    gCHANGE_CONFIG_WHILE_RUNNING_ERROR = "cannot be changed while running"
 )
@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ type ServerConfig struct {
    WriteTimeout      time.Duration         // 写入超时
    IdleTimeout       time.Duration         // 等待超时
    MaxHeaderBytes    int                   // 最大的header长度
+    TLSConfig         tls.Config

    // 静态文件配置
    IndexFiles        []string              // 默认访问的文件列表
@ -191,28 +193,46 @@ func (s *Server)SetHTTPSPort(port...int) {
    }
 }

-// 开启HTTPS支持，但是必须提供Cert和Key文件
-func (s *Server)EnableHTTPS(certFile, keyFile string) {
+// 开启HTTPS支持，但是必须提供Cert和Key文件，tlsConfig为可选项
+func (s *Server)EnableHTTPS(certFile, keyFile string, tlsConfig...tls.Config) {
    if s.Status() == SERVER_STATUS_RUNNING {
        glog.Error(gCHANGE_CONFIG_WHILE_RUNNING_ERROR)
        return
    }
    certFileRealPath := gfile.RealPath(certFile)
    if certFileRealPath == "" {
-        certFileRealPath = gfile.RealPath(gfile.MainPkgPath() + gfile.Separator + certFileRealPath)
+        certFileRealPath = gfile.RealPath(gfile.Pwd() + gfile.Separator + certFile)
+        if certFileRealPath == "" {
+            certFileRealPath = gfile.RealPath(gfile.MainPkgPath() + gfile.Separator + certFile)
+        }
    }
    if certFileRealPath == "" {
        glog.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf(`[ghttp] EnableHTTPS failed: certFile "%s" does not exist`, certFile))
    }
    keyFileRealPath := gfile.RealPath(keyFile)
    if keyFileRealPath == "" {
-        keyFileRealPath = gfile.RealPath(gfile.MainPkgPath() + gfile.Separator + keyFileRealPath)
+        keyFileRealPath = gfile.RealPath(gfile.Pwd() + gfile.Separator + keyFile)
+        if keyFileRealPath == "" {
+            keyFileRealPath = gfile.RealPath(gfile.MainPkgPath() + gfile.Separator + keyFile)
+        }
    }
    if keyFileRealPath == "" {
        glog.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf(`[ghttp] EnableHTTPS failed: keyFile "%s" does not exist`, keyFile))
    }
    s.config.HTTPSCertPath = certFileRealPath
    s.config.HTTPSKeyPath  = keyFileRealPath
+    if len(tlsConfig) > 0 {
+        s.config.TLSConfig = tlsConfig[0]
+    }
+}
+
+// 设置TLS配置对象
+func (s *Server)SetTLSConfig(tlsConfig tls.Config)  {
+    if s.Status() == SERVER_STATUS_RUNNING {
+        glog.Error(gCHANGE_CONFIG_WHILE_RUNNING_ERROR)
+        return
+    }
+    s.config.TLSConfig = tlsConfig
 }

 // 设置http server参数 - ReadTimeout
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_config_static.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_config_static.go
@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ func (s *Server)SetServerRoot(root string) {
    if path == "" {
        glog.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf(`[ghttp] SetServerRoot failed: path "%s" does not exist`, root))
    }
+    glog.Debug("[ghttp] SetServerRoot path:", path)
    s.config.SearchPaths       = []string{strings.TrimRight(path, gfile.Separator)}
    s.config.FileServerEnabled = true
 }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_cookie.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_cookie.go
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
 //
 // HTTP Cookie管理对象，
-// 由于Cookie是和HTTP请求挂钩的，因此被包含到 ghttp 包中进行管理
+// 由于Cookie是和HTTP请求挂钩的，因此被包含到 ghttp 包中进行管理。

 package ghttp

@ -87,6 +87,14 @@ func (c *Cookie) SessionId() string {
    return id
 }

+// 获取SessionId，不存在时则创建
+func (c *Cookie) MakeSessionId() string {
+    c.init()
+    id := makeSessionId()
+    c.SetSessionId(id)
+    return id
+}
+
 // 判断Cookie中是否存在制定键名(并且没有过期)
 func (c *Cookie) Contains(key string) bool {
    c.init()
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_domain.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_domain.go
@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ package ghttp

 import (
    "strings"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gmap"
 )

 // 域名管理器对象
@ -18,121 +17,80 @@ type Domain struct {
    m map[string]bool // 多域名
 }

-// 域名对象表，用以存储和检索域名(支持多域名)与域名对象之间的关联关系
-var domainMap = gmap.NewStringInterfaceMap()
-
-// 生成一个域名对象
+// 生成一个域名对象, 参数 domains 支持给定多个域名。
 func (s *Server) Domain(domains string) *Domain {
-    if r := domainMap.Get(domains); r != nil {
-        return r.(*Domain)
-    }
    d := &Domain{
        s : s,
        m : make(map[string]bool),
    }
-    result := strings.Split(domains, ",")
-    for _, v := range result {
+    for _, v := range strings.Split(domains, ",") {
        d.m[strings.TrimSpace(v)] = true
    }
-    domainMap.Set(domains, d)
    return d
 }

 // 注意该方法是直接绑定方法的内存地址，执行的时候直接执行该方法，不会存在初始化新的控制器逻辑
-func (d *Domain) BindHandler(pattern string, handler HandlerFunc) error {
+func (d *Domain) BindHandler(pattern string, handler HandlerFunc) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindHandler(pattern + "@" + domain, handler); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindHandler(pattern + "@" + domain, handler)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 执行对象方法
-func (d *Domain) BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) error {
-    if len(methods) > 0 {
-        return d.BindObjectMethod(pattern, obj, strings.Join(methods, ","))
-    }
+func (d *Domain) BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindObject(pattern + "@" + domain, obj); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindObject(pattern + "@" + domain, obj, methods...)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 执行对象方法注册，methods参数不区分大小写
-func (d *Domain) BindObjectMethod(pattern string, obj interface{}, method string) error {
+func (d *Domain) BindObjectMethod(pattern string, obj interface{}, method string) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindObjectMethod(pattern + "@" + domain, obj, method); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindObjectMethod(pattern + "@" + domain, obj, method)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // RESTful执行对象注册
-func (d *Domain) BindObjectRest(pattern string, obj interface{}) error {
+func (d *Domain) BindObjectRest(pattern string, obj interface{}) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindObjectRest(pattern + "@" + domain, obj); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindObjectRest(pattern + "@" + domain, obj)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 控制器注册
-func (d *Domain) BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) error {
-    if len(methods) > 0 {
-        return d.BindControllerMethod(pattern, c, strings.Join(methods, ","))
-    }
+func (d *Domain) BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindController(pattern + "@" + domain, c); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindController(pattern + "@" + domain, c, methods...)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 控制器方法注册，methods参数区分大小写
-func (d *Domain) BindControllerMethod(pattern string, c Controller, method string) error {
+func (d *Domain) BindControllerMethod(pattern string, c Controller, method string) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindControllerMethod(pattern + "@" + domain, c, method); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindControllerMethod(pattern + "@" + domain, c, method)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // RESTful控制器注册
-func (d *Domain) BindControllerRest(pattern string, c Controller) error {
+func (d *Domain) BindControllerRest(pattern string, c Controller) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindControllerRest(pattern + "@" + domain, c); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindControllerRest(pattern + "@" + domain, c)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 绑定指定的hook回调函数, hook参数的值由ghttp server设定，参数不区分大小写
 // 目前hook支持：Init/Shut
-func (d *Domain)BindHookHandler(pattern string, hook string, handler HandlerFunc) error {
+func (d *Domain)BindHookHandler(pattern string, hook string, handler HandlerFunc) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindHookHandler(pattern + "@" + domain, hook, handler); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindHookHandler(pattern + "@" + domain, hook, handler)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 通过map批量绑定回调函数
-func (d *Domain)BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern string, hookmap map[string]HandlerFunc) error {
+func (d *Domain)BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern string, hookmap map[string]HandlerFunc) {
    for domain, _ := range d.m {
-        if err := d.s.BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern + "@" + domain, hookmap); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        d.s.BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern + "@" + domain, hookmap)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 绑定指定的状态码回调函数
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_graceful.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_graceful.go
@ -84,18 +84,22 @@ func (s *gracefulServer) setFd(fd int) {
 }

 // 执行HTTPS监听
-func (s *gracefulServer) ListenAndServeTLS(certFile, keyFile string) error {
+func (s *gracefulServer) ListenAndServeTLS(certFile, keyFile string, tlsConfig...*tls.Config) error {
    addr   := s.httpServer.Addr
-    config := &tls.Config{}
-    if s.httpServer.TLSConfig != nil {
+    config := (*tls.Config)(nil)
+    if len(tlsConfig) > 0 {
+        config = tlsConfig[0]
+    } else if s.httpServer.TLSConfig != nil {
        *config = *s.httpServer.TLSConfig
    }
    if config.NextProtos == nil {
        config.NextProtos = []string{"http/1.1"}
    }
    err := error(nil)
-    config.Certificates         = make([]tls.Certificate, 1)
-    config.Certificates[0], err = tls.LoadX509KeyPair(certFile, keyFile)
+    if len(config.Certificates) == 0 {
+        config.Certificates         = make([]tls.Certificate, 1)
+        config.Certificates[0], err = tls.LoadX509KeyPair(certFile, keyFile)
+    }
    if err != nil {
        return errors.New(fmt.Sprintf(`open cert file "%s","%s" failed: %s`, certFile, keyFile, err.Error()))
    }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_router.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_router.go
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func (s *Server)parsePattern(pattern string) (domain, method, path string, err e
        }
    }
    if path == "" {
-        err = errors.New("invalid pattern")
+        err = errors.New("invalid pattern: URI should not be empty")
    }
    // 去掉末尾的"/"符号，与路由匹配时处理一致
    if path != "/" {
@ -60,10 +60,11 @@ func (s *Server) getHandlerRegisterCallerLine(handler *handlerItem) string {

 // 路由注册处理方法。
 // 如果带有hook参数，表示是回调注册方法; 否则为普通路由执行方法。
-func (s *Server) setHandler(pattern string, handler *handlerItem, hook ... string) (resultErr error) {
+func (s *Server) setHandler(pattern string, handler *handlerItem, hook ... string) {
    // Web Server正常运行时无法动态注册路由方法
    if s.Status() == SERVER_STATUS_RUNNING {
-        return errors.New("cannot bind handler while server running")
+        glog.Error("cannot bind handler while server running")
+        return
    }
    var hookName string
    if len(hook) > 0 {
@ -71,29 +72,22 @@ func (s *Server) setHandler(pattern string, handler *handlerItem, hook ... strin
    }
    domain, method, uri, err := s.parsePattern(pattern)
    if err != nil {
-        return errors.New("invalid pattern")
+        glog.Error("invalid pattern:", pattern, err)
+        return
+    }
+    if len(uri) == 0 || uri[0] != '/' {
+        glog.Error("invalid pattern:", pattern, "URI should lead with '/'")
+        return
    }
    // 注册地址记录及重复注册判断
    regkey := s.handlerKey(hookName, method, uri, domain)
    caller := s.getHandlerRegisterCallerLine(handler)
    if len(hook) == 0 {
        if item, ok := s.routesMap[regkey]; ok {
-            s := fmt.Sprintf(`duplicated route registry "%s", already registered in %s`, pattern, item[0].file)
-            glog.Errorfln(s)
-            return errors.New(s)
+            glog.Errorfln(`duplicated route registry "%s", already registered at %s`, pattern, item[0].file)
+            return
        }
    }
-    defer func() {
-        if resultErr == nil {
-            if _, ok := s.routesMap[regkey]; !ok {
-                s.routesMap[regkey] = make([]registeredRouteItem, 0)
-            }
-            s.routesMap[regkey] = append(s.routesMap[regkey], registeredRouteItem {
-                file    : caller,
-                handler : handler,
-            })
-        }
-    }()

    // 路由对象
    handler.router = &Router {
@ -193,9 +187,15 @@ func (s *Server) setHandler(pattern string, handler *handlerItem, hook ... strin
            l.PushBack(handler)
        }
    }
-    //gutil.Dump(s.serveTree)
-    //gutil.Dump(s.hooksTree)
-    return nil
+    // gutil.Dump(s.serveTree)
+    // gutil.Dump(s.hooksTree)
+    if _, ok := s.routesMap[regkey]; !ok {
+        s.routesMap[regkey] = make([]registeredRouteItem, 0)
+    }
+    s.routesMap[regkey] = append(s.routesMap[regkey], registeredRouteItem {
+        file    : caller,
+        handler : handler,
+    })
 }

 // 对比两个handlerItem的优先级，需要非常注意的是，注意新老对比项的参数先后顺序。
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_router_hook.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_router_hook.go
@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ import (
 )

 // 绑定指定的hook回调函数, pattern参数同BindHandler，支持命名路由；hook参数的值由ghttp server设定，参数不区分大小写
-func (s *Server)BindHookHandler(pattern string, hook string, handler HandlerFunc) error {
-    return s.setHandler(pattern, &handlerItem {
+func (s *Server)BindHookHandler(pattern string, hook string, handler HandlerFunc) {
+    s.setHandler(pattern, &handlerItem {
        name  : runtime.FuncForPC(reflect.ValueOf(handler).Pointer()).Name(),
        ctype : nil,
        fname : "",
@ -28,13 +28,10 @@ func (s *Server)BindHookHandler(pattern string, hook string, handler HandlerFunc
 }

 // 通过map批量绑定回调函数
-func (s *Server)BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern string, hookmap map[string]HandlerFunc) error {
+func (s *Server)BindHookHandlerByMap(pattern string, hookmap map[string]HandlerFunc) {
    for k, v := range hookmap {
-        if err := s.BindHookHandler(pattern, k, v); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        s.BindHookHandler(pattern, k, v)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 事件回调处理，内部使用了缓存处理.
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_service_controller.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_service_controller.go
@ -8,20 +8,19 @@
 package ghttp

 import (
-    "errors"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
-    "strings"
-    "reflect"
    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
+    "reflect"
+    "strings"
 )

-// 绑定控制器，控制器需要实现gmvc.Controller接口
-// 这种方式绑定的控制器每一次请求都会初始化一个新的控制器对象进行处理，对应不同的请求会话
-// 第三个参数methods用以指定需要注册的方法，支持多个方法名称，多个方法以英文“,”号分隔，区分大小写
-func (s *Server)BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) error {
+// 绑定控制器，控制器需要实现 gmvc.Controller 接口,
+// 这种方式绑定的控制器每一次请求都会初始化一个新的控制器对象进行处理，对应不同的请求会话,
+// 第三个参数methods用以指定需要注册的方法，支持多个方法名称，多个方法以英文“,”号分隔，区分大小写.
+func (s *Server)BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) {
    methodMap := (map[string]bool)(nil)
    if len(methods) > 0 {
        methodMap = make(map[string]bool)
@ -45,11 +44,7 @@ func (s *Server)BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) e
            continue
        }
        if _, ok := v.Method(i).Interface().(func()); !ok {
-            if methodMap != nil {
-                s := fmt.Sprintf(`invalid medthod definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
-                glog.Error(s)
-                return errors.New(s)
-            }
+            glog.Errorfln(`invalid method definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
            continue
        }
        ctlName := gstr.Replace(t.String(), fmt.Sprintf(`%s.`, pkgName), "")
@ -71,8 +66,8 @@ func (s *Server)BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) e
        if strings.EqualFold(mname, "Index") && !gregex.IsMatchString(`\{\.\w+\}`, pattern) {
            p := gstr.PosR(key, "/index")
            k := key[0 : p] + key[p + 6 : ]
-            if len(k) == 0 {
-                k = "/"
+            if len(k) == 0 || k[0] == '@' {
+                k = "/" + k
            }
            m[k] = &handlerItem {
                name  : fmt.Sprintf(`%s.%s.%s`, pkgPath, ctlName, mname),
@ -83,11 +78,11 @@ func (s *Server)BindController(pattern string, c Controller, methods...string) e
            }
        }
    }
-    return s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
+    s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
 }

-// 绑定路由到指定的方法执行
-func (s *Server)BindControllerMethod(pattern string, c Controller, method string) error {
+// 绑定路由到指定的方法执行, 第三个参数method仅支持一个方法注册，不支持多个，并且区分大小写。
+func (s *Server)BindControllerMethod(pattern string, c Controller, method string) {
    m     := make(handlerMap)
    v     := reflect.ValueOf(c)
    t     := v.Type()
@ -95,12 +90,12 @@ func (s *Server)BindControllerMethod(pattern string, c Controller, method string
    mname := strings.TrimSpace(method)
    fval  := v.MethodByName(mname)
    if !fval.IsValid() {
-        return errors.New("invalid method name:" + mname)
+        glog.Error("invalid method name:" + mname)
+        return
    }
    if _, ok := fval.Interface().(func()); !ok {
-        s := fmt.Sprintf(`invalid medthod definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, fval.Type().String())
-        glog.Error(s)
-        return errors.New(s)
+        glog.Errorfln(`invalid method definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, fval.Type().String())
+        return
    }
    pkgPath := t.Elem().PkgPath()
    pkgName := gfile.Basename(pkgPath)
@ -116,14 +111,14 @@ func (s *Server)BindControllerMethod(pattern string, c Controller, method string
        fname : mname,
        faddr : nil,
    }
-    return s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
+    s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
 }

 // 绑定控制器(RESTFul)，控制器需要实现gmvc.Controller接口
 // 方法会识别HTTP方法，并做REST绑定处理，例如：Post方法会绑定到HTTP POST的方法请求处理，Delete方法会绑定到HTTP DELETE的方法请求处理
 // 因此只会绑定HTTP Method对应的方法，其他方法不会自动注册绑定
 // 这种方式绑定的控制器每一次请求都会初始化一个新的控制器对象进行处理，对应不同的请求会话
-func (s *Server)BindControllerRest(pattern string, c Controller) error {
+func (s *Server)BindControllerRest(pattern string, c Controller) {
    // 遍历控制器，获取方法列表，并构造成uri
    m       := make(handlerMap)
    v       := reflect.ValueOf(c)
@ -138,9 +133,8 @@ func (s *Server)BindControllerRest(pattern string, c Controller) error {
            continue
        }
        if _, ok := v.Method(i).Interface().(func()); !ok {
-            s := fmt.Sprintf(`invalid medthod definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
-            glog.Error(s)
-            return errors.New(s)
+            glog.Errorfln(`invalid method definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
+            return
        }
        pkgName := gfile.Basename(pkgPath)
        ctlName := gstr.Replace(t.String(), fmt.Sprintf(`%s.`, pkgName), "")
@ -156,5 +150,5 @@ func (s *Server)BindControllerRest(pattern string, c Controller) error {
            faddr : nil,
        }
    }
-    return s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
+    s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
 }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_service_handler.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_service_handler.go
@ -8,17 +8,17 @@
 package ghttp

 import (
-    "errors"
-    "strings"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
    "bytes"
-    "runtime"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
    "reflect"
+    "runtime"
+    "strings"
 )

 // 注意该方法是直接绑定函数的内存地址，执行的时候直接执行该方法，不会存在初始化新的控制器逻辑
-func (s *Server) BindHandler(pattern string, handler HandlerFunc) error {
-    return s.bindHandlerItem(pattern, &handlerItem {
+func (s *Server) BindHandler(pattern string, handler HandlerFunc) {
+    s.bindHandlerItem(pattern, &handlerItem {
        name  : runtime.FuncForPC(reflect.ValueOf(handler).Pointer()).Name(),
        rtype : gROUTE_REGISTER_HANDLER,
        ctype : nil,
@ -30,21 +30,19 @@ func (s *Server) BindHandler(pattern string, handler HandlerFunc) error {
 // 绑定URI到操作函数/方法
 // pattern的格式形如：/user/list, put:/user, delete:/user, post:/user@johng.cn
 // 支持RESTful的请求格式，具体业务逻辑由绑定的处理方法来执行
-func (s *Server) bindHandlerItem(pattern string, item *handlerItem) error {
+func (s *Server) bindHandlerItem(pattern string, item *handlerItem) {
    if s.Status() == SERVER_STATUS_RUNNING {
-        return errors.New("server handlers cannot be changed while running")
+        glog.Error("server handlers cannot be changed while running")
+        return
    }
-    return s.setHandler(pattern, item)
+    s.setHandler(pattern, item)
 }

 // 通过映射数组绑定URI到操作函数/方法
-func (s *Server) bindHandlerByMap(m handlerMap) error {
+func (s *Server) bindHandlerByMap(m handlerMap) {
    for p, h := range m {
-        if err := s.bindHandlerItem(p, h); err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
+        s.bindHandlerItem(p, h)
    }
-    return nil
 }

 // 将内置的名称按照设定的规则合并到pattern中，内置名称按照{.xxx}规则命名。
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_service_object.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_service_object.go
@ -8,19 +8,18 @@
 package ghttp

 import (
-    "errors"
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gregex"
-    "strings"
-    "reflect"
-    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/text/gstr"
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "reflect"
+    "strings"
 )

 // 绑定对象到URI请求处理中，会自动识别方法名称，并附加到对应的URI地址后面
 // 第三个参数methods用以指定需要注册的方法，支持多个方法名称，多个方法以英文“,”号分隔，区分大小写
-func (s *Server)BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) error {
+func (s *Server)BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) {
    methodMap := (map[string]bool)(nil)
    if len(methods) > 0 {
        methodMap = make(map[string]bool)
@ -52,11 +51,7 @@ func (s *Server)BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) er
        }
        faddr, ok := v.Method(i).Interface().(func(*Request))
        if !ok {
-            if methodMap != nil {
-                s := fmt.Sprintf(`invalid medthod definition "%s", while "func(*Request))" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
-                glog.Error(s)
-                return errors.New(s)
-            }
+            glog.Errorfln(`invalid method definition "%s", while "func(*Request))" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
            continue
        }
        objName := gstr.Replace(t.String(), fmt.Sprintf(`%s.`, pkgName), "")
@ -78,8 +73,8 @@ func (s *Server)BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) er
        if strings.EqualFold(mname, "Index") && !gregex.IsMatchString(`\{\.\w+\}`, pattern) {
            p := gstr.PosR(key, "/index")
            k := key[0 : p] + key[p + 6 : ]
-            if len(k) == 0 {
-                k = "/"
+            if len(k) == 0 || k[0] == '@' {
+                k = "/" + k
            }
            m[k] = &handlerItem {
                name  : fmt.Sprintf(`%s.%s.%s`, pkgPath, objName, mname),
@ -92,12 +87,12 @@ func (s *Server)BindObject(pattern string, obj interface{}, methods...string) er
            }
        }
    }
-    return s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
+    s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
 }

-// 绑定对象到URI请求处理中，会自动识别方法名称，并附加到对应的URI地址后面
-// 第三个参数methods支持多个方法注册，多个方法以英文“,”号分隔，区分大小写
-func (s *Server)BindObjectMethod(pattern string, obj interface{}, method string) error {
+// 绑定对象到URI请求处理中，会自动识别方法名称，并附加到对应的URI地址后面，
+// 第三个参数method仅支持一个方法注册，不支持多个，并且区分大小写。
+func (s *Server)BindObjectMethod(pattern string, obj interface{}, method string) {
    m     := make(handlerMap)
    v     := reflect.ValueOf(obj)
    t     := v.Type()
@ -105,13 +100,13 @@ func (s *Server)BindObjectMethod(pattern string, obj interface{}, method string)
    mname := strings.TrimSpace(method)
    fval  := v.MethodByName(mname)
    if !fval.IsValid() {
-        return errors.New("invalid method name:" + mname)
+        glog.Error("invalid method name:" + mname)
+        return
    }
    faddr, ok := fval.Interface().(func(*Request))
    if !ok {
-        s := fmt.Sprintf(`invalid medthod definition "%s", while "func(*Request)" is required`, fval.Type().String())
-        glog.Error(s)
-        return errors.New(s)
+        glog.Errorfln(`invalid method definition "%s", while "func(*Request)" is required`, fval.Type().String())
+        return
    }
    finit := (func(*Request))(nil)
    fshut := (func(*Request))(nil)
@ -138,12 +133,12 @@ func (s *Server)BindObjectMethod(pattern string, obj interface{}, method string)
        fshut : fshut,
    }

-    return s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
+    s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
 }

-// 绑定对象到URI请求处理中，会自动识别方法名称，并附加到对应的URI地址后面
-// 需要注意对象方法的定义必须按照ghttp.HandlerFunc来定义
-func (s *Server)BindObjectRest(pattern string, obj interface{}) error {
+// 绑定对象到URI请求处理中，会自动识别方法名称，并附加到对应的URI地址后面,
+// 需要注意对象方法的定义必须按照 ghttp.HandlerFunc 来定义
+func (s *Server)BindObjectRest(pattern string, obj interface{}) {
    m     := make(handlerMap)
    v     := reflect.ValueOf(obj)
    t     := v.Type()
@ -165,9 +160,8 @@ func (s *Server)BindObjectRest(pattern string, obj interface{}) error {
        }
        faddr, ok := v.Method(i).Interface().(func(*Request))
        if !ok {
-            s := fmt.Sprintf(`invalid medthod definition "%s", while "func()" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
-            glog.Error(s)
-            return errors.New(s)
+            glog.Errorfln(`invalid method definition "%s", while "func(*Request)" is required`, v.Method(i).Type().String())
+            continue
        }
        pkgName := gfile.Basename(pkgPath)
        objName := gstr.Replace(t.String(), fmt.Sprintf(`%s.`, pkgName), "")
@ -185,5 +179,5 @@ func (s *Server)BindObjectRest(pattern string, obj interface{}) error {
            fshut : fshut,
        }
    }
-    return s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
+    s.bindHandlerByMap(m)
 }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_session.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_server_session.go
@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ type Session struct {
    request *Request                 // 关联的请求
 }

-// 生成一个唯一的SessionId字符串，长度16位
+// 生成一个唯一的SessionId字符串，长度18位。
 func makeSessionId() string {
-    return strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatInt(gtime.Nanosecond(), 32) + grand.RandStr(3))
+    return strings.ToUpper(strconv.FormatInt(gtime.Nanosecond(), 36) + grand.RandStr(6))
 }

 // 获取或者生成一个session对象(延迟初始化)
@ -41,14 +41,24 @@ func GetSession(r *Request) *Session {
    }
 }

-// 执行初始化(用于延迟初始化)
+// 执行初始化(用于延迟初始化).
 func (s *Session) init() {
    if len(s.id) == 0 {
-        s.id     = s.request.Cookie.SessionId()
        s.server = s.request.Server
-        s.data   = s.server.sessions.GetOrSetFuncLock(s.id, func() interface{} {
-            return gmap.NewStringInterfaceMap()
-        }, s.server.GetSessionMaxAge()).(*gmap.StringInterfaceMap)
+        // 根据提交的SESSION ID获取已存在SESSION
+        id := s.request.Cookie.GetSessionId()
+        if id != "" {
+            data := s.server.sessions.Get(id)
+            if data != nil {
+                s.id   = id
+                s.data = data.(*gmap.StringInterfaceMap)
+                return
+            }
+        }
+        // 否则执行初始化创建
+        s.id   = s.request.Cookie.MakeSessionId()
+        s.data = gmap.NewStringInterfaceMap()
+        s.server.sessions.Set(s.id, s.data, s.server.GetSessionMaxAge())
    }
 }

@ -94,8 +104,8 @@ func (s *Session) Contains (key string) bool {
    return false
 }

-// 获取SESSION
-func (s *Session) Get (key string) interface{}  {
+// 获取SESSION变量
+func (s *Session) Get(key string) interface{}  {
    if len(s.id) > 0 || s.request.Cookie.GetSessionId() != "" {
        s.init()
        return s.data.Get(key)
@ -131,112 +141,95 @@ func (s *Session) UpdateExpire() {
    }
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetString(key string) string {
    return gconv.String(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetBool(key string) bool {
    return gconv.Bool(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetInt(key string) int {
    return gconv.Int(s.Get(key)) }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
+
 func (s *Session) GetInt8(key string) int8 {
    return gconv.Int8(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetInt16(key string) int16 {
    return gconv.Int16(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetInt32(key string) int32 {
    return gconv.Int32(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetInt64(key string) int64 {
    return gconv.Int64(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetUint(key string) uint {
    return gconv.Uint(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetUint8(key string) uint8 {
    return gconv.Uint8(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetUint16(key string) uint16 {
    return gconv.Uint16(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetUint32(key string) uint32 {
    return gconv.Uint32(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetUint64(key string) uint64 {
    return gconv.Uint64(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetFloat32(key string) float32 {
    return gconv.Float32(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetFloat64(key string) float64 {
    return gconv.Float64(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetBytes(key string) []byte {
    return gconv.Bytes(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetInts(key string) []int {
    return gconv.Ints(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetFloats(key string) []float64 {
    return gconv.Floats(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetStrings(key string) []string {
    return gconv.Strings(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetInterfaces(key string) []interface{} {
    return gconv.Interfaces(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
 func (s *Session) GetTime(key string, format...string) time.Time {
    return gconv.Time(s.Get(key), format...)
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
+func (s *Session) GetGTime(key string, format...string) *gtime.Time {
+    return gconv.GTime(s.Get(key), format...)
+}
+
 func (s *Session) GetTimeDuration(key string) time.Duration {
    return gconv.TimeDuration(s.Get(key))
 }

-// Deprecated, use GetVar instead.
-// (已废弃, 请使用GetVar) 将变量转换为对象，注意 objPointer 参数必须为struct指针
+// 将变量转换为对象，注意 objPointer 参数必须为struct指针
 func (s *Session) GetStruct(key string, objPointer interface{}, attrMapping...map[string]string) error {
    return gconv.Struct(s.Get(key), objPointer, attrMapping...)
 }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_init_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_init_test.go
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ var (
 )

 func init() {
-    for i := 8000; i <= 8100; i++ {
+    for i := 8000; i <= 9000; i++ {
        ports.Append(i)
    }
 }
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_controller_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_controller_test.go
@ -38,9 +38,11 @@ func (c *Controller) Show() {
    c.Response.Write("Controller Show")
 }

+func (c *Controller) Info() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Info")
+}

-// 控制器注册测试
-func Test_Router_Controller(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_Router_Controller1(t *testing.T) {
    p := ports.PopRand()
    s := g.Server(p)
    s.BindController("/", new(Controller))
@ -71,3 +73,58 @@ func Test_Router_Controller(t *testing.T) {
        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
    })
 }
+
+func Test_Router_Controller2(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindController("/controller", new(Controller), "Show, Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "1Controller Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "1Controller Info2")
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_ControllerMethod(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindControllerMethod("/controller-info", new(Controller), "Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller-info"),        "1Controller Info2")
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_basic_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_basic_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+// 基本路由功能以及优先级测试
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+// 基本路由功能测试
+func Test_Router_DomainBasic(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindHandler("/:name", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write("/:name")
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/:name/update", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write(r.Get("name"))
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/:name/:action", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write(r.Get("action"))
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/:name/*any", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write(r.Get("any"))
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/user/list/{field}.html", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write(r.Get("field"))
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john"),               "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john/update"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john/edit"),          "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/user/list/100.html"), "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john"),               "")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john/update"),        "john")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john/edit"),          "edit")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/user/list/100.html"), "100")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john"),               "")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john/update"),        "john")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/john/edit"),          "edit")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/user/list/100.html"), "100")
+    })
+}
+
+// 测试HTTP Method注册.
+func Test_Router_DomainMethod(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindHandler("GET:/get", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("POST:/post", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        resp1, err := client.Get("/get")
+        defer resp1.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp2, err := client.Post("/get")
+        defer resp2.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp2.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp3, err := client.Get("/post")
+        defer resp3.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp3.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp4, err := client.Post("/post")
+        defer resp4.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp4.StatusCode, 404)
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        resp1, err := client.Get("/get")
+        defer resp1.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.StatusCode, 200)
+
+        resp2, err := client.Post("/get")
+        defer resp2.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp2.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp3, err := client.Get("/post")
+        defer resp3.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp3.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp4, err := client.Post("/post")
+        defer resp4.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp4.StatusCode, 200)
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        resp1, err := client.Get("/get")
+        defer resp1.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.StatusCode, 200)
+
+        resp2, err := client.Post("/get")
+        defer resp2.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp2.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp3, err := client.Get("/post")
+        defer resp3.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp3.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp4, err := client.Post("/post")
+        defer resp4.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp4.StatusCode, 200)
+    })
+}
+
+// 测试状态返回.
+func Test_Router_DomainStatus(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindHandler("/200", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.WriteStatus(200)
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/300", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.WriteStatus(300)
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/400", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.WriteStatus(400)
+    })
+    d.BindHandler("/500", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.WriteStatus(500)
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        resp1, err := client.Get("/200")
+        defer resp1.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp2, err := client.Get("/300")
+        defer resp2.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp2.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp3, err := client.Get("/400")
+        defer resp3.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp3.StatusCode, 404)
+
+        resp4, err := client.Get("/500")
+        defer resp4.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp4.StatusCode, 404)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        resp1, err := client.Get("/200")
+        defer resp1.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.StatusCode, 200)
+
+        resp2, err := client.Get("/300")
+        defer resp2.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp2.StatusCode, 300)
+
+        resp3, err := client.Get("/400")
+        defer resp3.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp3.StatusCode, 400)
+
+        resp4, err := client.Get("/500")
+        defer resp4.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp4.StatusCode, 500)
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        resp1, err := client.Get("/200")
+        defer resp1.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.StatusCode, 200)
+
+        resp2, err := client.Get("/300")
+        defer resp2.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp2.StatusCode, 300)
+
+        resp3, err := client.Get("/400")
+        defer resp3.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp3.StatusCode, 400)
+
+        resp4, err := client.Get("/500")
+        defer resp4.Close()
+        gtest.Assert(err,              nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp4.StatusCode, 500)
+    })
+}
+
+// 自定义状态码处理.
+func Test_Router_DomainCustomStatusHandler(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindHandler("/", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write("hello")
+    })
+    d.BindStatusHandler(404, func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write("404 page")
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                 "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/ThisDoesNotExist"), "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                 "hello")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/ThisDoesNotExist"), "404 page")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                 "hello")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/ThisDoesNotExist"), "404 page")
+    })
+}
+
+// 测试不存在的路由.
+func Test_Router_Domain404(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindHandler("/", func(r *ghttp.Request){
+        r.Response.Write("hello")
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"), "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"), "hello")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"), "hello")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_controller_rest_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_controller_rest_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gmvc"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+type DomainControllerRest struct {
+    gmvc.Controller
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Init(r *ghttp.Request)  {
+    c.Controller.Init(r)
+    c.Response.Write("1")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Shut() {
+    c.Response.Write("2")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Get() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Get")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Put() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Put")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Post() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Post")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Delete() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Delete")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Patch() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Patch")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Options() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Options")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainControllerRest) Head() {
+    c.Response.Header().Set("head-ok", "1")
+}
+
+// 控制器注册测试
+func Test_Router_DomainControllerRest(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindControllerRest("/", new(DomainControllerRest))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PutContent("/"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PostContent("/"),           "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.DeleteContent("/"),         "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PatchContent("/"),          "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.OptionsContent("/"),        "Not Found")
+        resp1, err := client.Head("/")
+        if err == nil {
+            defer resp1.Close()
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.Header.Get("head-ok"), "")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "1Controller Get2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PutContent("/"),            "1Controller Put2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PostContent("/"),           "1Controller Post2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.DeleteContent("/"),         "1Controller Delete2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PatchContent("/"),          "1Controller Patch2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.OptionsContent("/"),        "1Controller Options2")
+        resp1, err := client.Head("/")
+        if err == nil {
+            defer resp1.Close()
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.Header.Get("head-ok"), "1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "1Controller Get2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PutContent("/"),            "1Controller Put2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PostContent("/"),           "1Controller Post2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.DeleteContent("/"),         "1Controller Delete2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PatchContent("/"),          "1Controller Patch2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.OptionsContent("/"),        "1Controller Options2")
+        resp1, err := client.Head("/")
+        if err == nil {
+            defer resp1.Close()
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.Header.Get("head-ok"), "1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_controller_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_controller_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/frame/gmvc"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+type DomainController struct {
+    gmvc.Controller
+}
+
+func (c *DomainController) Init(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    c.Controller.Init(r)
+    c.Response.Write("1")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainController) Shut() {
+    c.Response.Write("2")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainController) Index() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Index")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainController) Show() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Show")
+}
+
+func (c *DomainController) Info() {
+    c.Response.Write("Controller Info")
+}
+
+func Test_Router_DomainController1(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.Domain("localhost, local").BindController("/", new(DomainController))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+        
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/init"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/shut"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/show"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/info"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "1Controller Index2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/init"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/shut"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index"),                  "1Controller Index2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/show"),                   "1Controller Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/info"),                   "1Controller Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "1Controller Index2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/init"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/shut"),                   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index"),                  "1Controller Index2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/show"),                   "1Controller Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/info"),                   "1Controller Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_DomainController2(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.Domain("localhost, local").BindController("/controller", new(DomainController), "Show, Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "1Controller Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "1Controller Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "1Controller Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "1Controller Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_DomainControllerMethod(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.Domain("localhost, local").BindControllerMethod("/controller-info", new(DomainController), "Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller-info"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller-info"),        "1Controller Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller"),             "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/show"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller/info"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/controller-info"),        "1Controller Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),             "Not Found")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_object_rest_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_object_rest_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+type DomainObjectRest struct {}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Init(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("1")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Shut(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("2")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Get(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Get")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Put(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Put")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Post(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Post")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Delete(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Delete")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Patch(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Patch")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Options(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Options")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObjectRest) Head(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Header().Set("head-ok", "1")
+}
+
+func Test_Router_DomainObjectRest(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    d := s.Domain("localhost, local")
+    d.BindObjectRest("/", new(DomainObjectRest))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PutContent("/"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PostContent("/"),           "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.DeleteContent("/"),         "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PatchContent("/"),          "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.OptionsContent("/"),        "Not Found")
+        resp1, err := client.Head("/")
+        if err == nil {
+            defer resp1.Close()
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.Header.Get("head-ok"), "")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "1Object Get2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PutContent("/"),            "1Object Put2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PostContent("/"),           "1Object Post2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.DeleteContent("/"),         "1Object Delete2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PatchContent("/"),          "1Object Patch2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.OptionsContent("/"),        "1Object Options2")
+        resp1, err := client.Head("/")
+        if err == nil {
+            defer resp1.Close()
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.Header.Get("head-ok"), "1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "1Object Get2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PutContent("/"),            "1Object Put2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PostContent("/"),           "1Object Post2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.DeleteContent("/"),         "1Object Delete2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.PatchContent("/"),          "1Object Patch2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.OptionsContent("/"),        "1Object Options2")
+        resp1, err := client.Head("/")
+        if err == nil {
+            defer resp1.Close()
+        }
+        gtest.Assert(err, nil)
+        gtest.Assert(resp1.Header.Get("head-ok"), "1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_object_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_domain_object_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+type DomainObject struct {}
+
+func (o *DomainObject) Init(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("1")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObject) Shut(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("2")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObject) Index(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Index")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObject) Show(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Show")
+}
+
+func (o *DomainObject) Info(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Info")
+}
+
+func Test_Router_DomainObject1(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.Domain("localhost, local").BindObject("/", new(DomainObject))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/show"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "1Object Index2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/init"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/shut"),        "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index"),       "1Object Index2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/show"),        "1Object Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/info"),        "1Object Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+       client := ghttp.NewClient()
+       client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "1Object Index2")
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/init"),        "Not Found")
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/shut"),        "Not Found")
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index"),       "1Object Index2")
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/show"),        "1Object Show2")
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/info"),        "1Object Info2")
+       gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+}
+
+
+func Test_Router_DomainObject2(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.Domain("localhost, local").BindObject("/object", new(DomainObject), "Show, Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "1Object Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "1Object Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "1Object Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "1Object Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_DomainObjectMethod(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.Domain("localhost, local").BindObjectMethod("/object-info", new(DomainObject), "Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object-info"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object-info"),       "1Object Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://local:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object-info"),       "1Object Info2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_exit_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_exit_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+func Test_Router_Exit(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/*", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("1") },
+        "AfterServe"   : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("2") },
+        "BeforeOutput" : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("3") },
+        "AfterOutput"  : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("4") },
+        "BeforeClose"  : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("5") },
+        "AfterClose"   : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("6") },
+    })
+    s.BindHandler("/test/test", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+        r.Response.Write("test-start")
+        r.Exit()
+        r.Response.Write("test-end")
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),          "123")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test/test"), "1test-start23")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_ExitHook(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindHandler("/priority/show", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+        r.Response.Write("show")
+    })
+
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/:name", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("1")
+        },
+    })
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/*any", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("2")
+        },
+    })
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/show", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("3")
+            r.ExitHook()
+        },
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                 "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/priority/show"),    "3show")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_ExitAll(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindHandler("/priority/show", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+        r.Response.Write("show")
+    })
+
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/:name", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("1")
+        },
+    })
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/*any", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("2")
+        },
+    })
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/show", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("3")
+            r.ExitAll()
+        },
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                 "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/priority/show"),    "3")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_hook_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_hook_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+func Test_Router_Hook_Basic(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/*", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc{
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("1") },
+        "AfterServe"   : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("2") },
+        "BeforeOutput" : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("3") },
+        "AfterOutput"  : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("4") },
+        "BeforeClose"  : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("5") },
+        "AfterClose"   : func(r *ghttp.Request){ r.Response.Write("6") },
+    })
+    s.BindHandler("/test/test", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+        r.Response.Write("test")
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),          "123")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test/test"), "1test23")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_Hook_Priority(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindHandler("/priority/show", func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+        r.Response.Write("show")
+    })
+
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/:name", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("1")
+        },
+    })
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/*any", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("2")
+        },
+    })
+    s.BindHookHandlerByMap("/priority/show", map[string]ghttp.HandlerFunc {
+        "BeforeServe"  : func(r *ghttp.Request) {
+            r.Response.Write("3")
+        },
+    })
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                 "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/priority/show"),    "312show")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/priority/any/any"), "2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/priority/name"),    "12")
+    })
+}
+
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_names_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_names_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+type NamesObject struct {}
+
+func (o *NamesObject) ShowName(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Show Name")
+}
+
+func Test_NameToUri_FullName(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.SetNameToUriType(ghttp.NAME_TO_URI_TYPE_FULLNAME)
+    s.BindObject("/{.struct}/{.method}", new(NamesObject))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetBrowserMode(true)
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                     "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/NamesObject"),          "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/NamesObject/ShowName"), "Object Show Name")
+    })
+}
+
+
+func Test_NameToUri_AllLower(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.SetNameToUriType(ghttp.NAME_TO_URI_TYPE_ALLLOWER)
+    s.BindObject("/{.struct}/{.method}", new(NamesObject))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetBrowserMode(true)
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                     "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/NamesObject"),          "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/namesobject/showname"), "Object Show Name")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_NameToUri_Camel(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.SetNameToUriType(ghttp.NAME_TO_URI_TYPE_CAMEL)
+    s.BindObject("/{.struct}/{.method}", new(NamesObject))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetBrowserMode(true)
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                     "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/NamesObject"),          "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/namesObject/showName"), "Object Show Name")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_NameToUri_Default(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.SetNameToUriType(ghttp.NAME_TO_URI_TYPE_DEFAULT)
+    s.BindObject("/{.struct}/{.method}", new(NamesObject))
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetBrowserMode(true)
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/NamesObject"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/names-object/show-name"), "Object Show Name")
+    })
+}
+
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_object_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_router_object_test.go
@ -33,8 +33,11 @@ func (o *Object) Show(r *ghttp.Request) {
    r.Response.Write("Object Show")
 }

-// 执行对象注册
-func Test_Router_Object(t *testing.T) {
+func (o *Object) Info(r *ghttp.Request) {
+    r.Response.Write("Object Info")
+}
+
+func Test_Router_Object1(t *testing.T) {
    p := ports.PopRand()
    s := g.Server(p)
    s.BindObject("/", new(Object))
@ -65,3 +68,59 @@ func Test_Router_Object(t *testing.T) {
        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
    })
 }
+
+
+func Test_Router_Object2(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindObject("/object", new(Object), "Show, Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "1Object Show2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "1Object Info2")
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),  "Not Found")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Router_ObjectMethod(t *testing.T) {
+    p := ports.PopRand()
+    s := g.Server(p)
+    s.BindObjectMethod("/object-info", new(Object), "Info")
+    s.SetPort(p)
+    s.SetDumpRouteMap(false)
+    s.Start()
+    defer s.Shutdown()
+
+    // 等待启动完成
+    time.Sleep(time.Second)
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object"),            "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/init"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/shut"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/index"),      "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/show"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object/info"),       "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/object-info"),       "1Object Info2")
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/none-exist"),        "Not Found")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_static_test.go
+++ b/g/net/ghttp/ghttp_unit_static_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+// Copyright 2018 gf Author(https://github.com/gogf/gf). All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the MIT License.
+// If a copy of the MIT was not distributed with this file,
+// You can obtain one at https://github.com/gogf/gf.
+
+// 静态文件服务测试
+package ghttp_test
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/ghttp"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/gfile"
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/test/gtest"
+    "testing"
+    "time"
+)
+
+func Test_Static_ServerRoot(t *testing.T) {
+    // SetServerRoot with absolute path
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/index.htm", "index")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "index")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index.htm"),   "index")
+    })
+
+    // SetServerRoot with relative path
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`static/test/%d`, p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/index.htm", "index")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),            "index")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index.htm"),   "index")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_Folder_Forbidden(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/test.html", "test")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),             "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index.html"),   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),    "test")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_IndexFolder(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/test.html", "test")
+        s.SetIndexFolder(true)
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.AssertNE(client.GetContent("/"),           "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index.html"),   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),    "test")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_IndexFiles1(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/index.html", "index")
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/test.html", "test")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),             "index")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index.html"),   "index")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),    "test")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_IndexFiles2(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/test.html", "test")
+        s.SetIndexFiles([]string{"index.html", "test.html"})
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),             "test")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/index.html"),   "Not Found")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),    "test")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_AddSearchPath1(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path1 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`,    gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        path2 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p, p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path1)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path2)
+        gfile.PutContents(path2 + "/test.html", "test")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path1)
+        s.AddSearchPath(path2)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),             "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),    "test")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_AddSearchPath2(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path1 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`,    gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        path2 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p, p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path1)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path2)
+        gfile.PutContents(path1 + "/test.html", "test1")
+        gfile.PutContents(path2 + "/test.html", "test2")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path1)
+        s.AddSearchPath(path2)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),             "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),    "test1")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_AddStaticPath(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path1 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`,    gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        path2 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p, p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path1)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path2)
+        gfile.PutContents(path1 + "/test.html", "test1")
+        gfile.PutContents(path2 + "/test.html", "test2")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path1)
+        s.AddStaticPath("/my-test", path2)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),                  "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),         "test1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/my-test/test.html"), "test2")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_AddStaticPath_Priority(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path1 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d/test`,    gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        path2 := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d/%d/test`, gfile.TempDir(), p, p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path1)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path2)
+        gfile.PutContents(path1 + "/test.html", "test1")
+        gfile.PutContents(path2 + "/test.html", "test2")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path1)
+        s.AddStaticPath("/test", path2)
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),               "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),      "test1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test/test.html"), "test2")
+    })
+}
+
+func Test_Static_Rewrite(t *testing.T) {
+    gtest.Case(t, func() {
+        p := ports.PopRand()
+        s := g.Server(p)
+        path := fmt.Sprintf(`%s/ghttp/static/test/%d`, gfile.TempDir(), p)
+        defer gfile.Remove(path)
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/test1.html", "test1")
+        gfile.PutContents(path + "/test2.html", "test2")
+        s.SetServerRoot(path)
+        s.SetRewrite("/test.html", "/test1.html")
+        s.SetRewriteMap(g.MapStrStr{
+            "/my-test1" : "/test1.html",
+            "/my-test2" : "/test2.html",
+        })
+        s.SetPort(p)
+        s.Start()
+        defer s.Shutdown()
+        time.Sleep(time.Second)
+        client := ghttp.NewClient()
+        client.SetPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/"),               "Forbidden")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test.html"),      "test1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test1.html"),     "test1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/test2.html"),     "test2")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/my-test1"),       "test1")
+        gtest.Assert(client.GetContent("/my-test2"),       "test2")
+    })
+}
--- a/g/net/greuseport/greuseport.go
+++ b/g/net/greuseport/greuseport.go
@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-// Package greuseport provides Listen and Dial functions that set socket
-// options in order to be able to reuse ports. You should only use this
-// package if you know what SO_REUSEADDR and SO_REUSEPORT are.
-//
-// For example:
-//
-//  // listen on the same port.
-//  l1, _ := reuse.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:1234")
-//  l2, _ := reuse.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:1234")
-//
-//  // dial from the same port.
-//  l1, _ := reuse.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:1234")
-//  l2, _ := reuse.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:1235")
-//  c, _ := reuse.Dial("tcp", "127.0.0.1:1234", "127.0.0.1:1235")
-//
-// Note: cant dial self because tcp/ip stacks use 4-tuples to identify connections,
-// and doing so would clash.
-package greuseport
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"net"
-)
-
-var (
-	Enabled      = false
-	listenConfig = net.ListenConfig {
-		Control: Control,
-	}
-)
-
-// Listen listens at the given network and address. see net.Listen
-// Returns a net.Listener created from a file discriptor for a socket
-// with SO_REUSEPORT and SO_REUSEADDR option set.
-func Listen(network, address string) (net.Listener, error) {
-	return listenConfig.Listen(context.Background(), network, address)
-}
-
-// ListenPacket listens at the given network and address. see net.ListenPacket
-// Returns a net.Listener created from a file discriptor for a socket
-// with SO_REUSEPORT and SO_REUSEADDR option set.
-func ListenPacket(network, address string) (net.PacketConn, error) {
-	return listenConfig.ListenPacket(context.Background(), network, address)
-}
-
-// Dial dials the given network and address. see net.Dialer.Dial
-// Returns a net.Conn created from a file discriptor for a socket
-// with SO_REUSEPORT and SO_REUSEADDR option set.
-func Dial(network, laddr, raddr string) (net.Conn, error) {
-	nla, err := ResolveAddr(network, laddr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	d := net.Dialer {
-		Control:   Control,
-		LocalAddr: nla,
-	}
-	return d.Dial(network, raddr)
-}
--- a/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_addr.go
+++ b/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_addr.go
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-package greuseport
-
-import (
-	"net"
-)
-
-func ResolveAddr(network, address string) (net.Addr, error) {
-	switch network {
-		case "ip", "ip4", "ip6":
-			return net.ResolveIPAddr(network, address)
-		case "tcp", "tcp4", "tcp6":
-			return net.ResolveTCPAddr(network, address)
-		case "udp", "udp4", "udp6":
-			return net.ResolveUDPAddr(network, address)
-		case "unix", "unixgram", "unixpacket":
-			return net.ResolveUnixAddr(network, address)
-        default:
-            return nil, net.UnknownNetworkError(network)
-	}
-}
--- a/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_other.go
+++ b/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_other.go
@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-// +build !windows,!linux,!darwin,!dragonfly,!freebsd,!netbsd,!openbsd
-
-package greuseport
-
-import (
-    "syscall"
-)
-
-// See net.RawConn.Control
-func Control(network, address string, c syscall.RawConn) (err error) {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_unix.go
+++ b/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_unix.go
@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-// +build linux darwin dragonfly freebsd netbsd openbsd
-
-package greuseport
-
-import (
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/third/golang.org/x/sys/unix"
-    "syscall"
-)
-
-func init() {
-    Enabled = true
-}
-
-// See net.RawConn.Control
-func Control(network, address string, c syscall.RawConn) (err error) {
-	c.Control(func(fd uintptr) {
-		if err = unix.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), unix.SOL_SOCKET, unix.SO_REUSEADDR, 1); err != nil {
-            panic(err)
-		    return
-		}
-		if err = unix.SetsockoptInt(int(fd), unix.SOL_SOCKET, unix.SO_REUSEPORT, 1); err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		    return
-		}
-
-	})
-	return
-}
--- a/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_windows.go
+++ b/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_windows.go
@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-// +build windows
-
-package greuseport
-
-import (
-    "github.com/gogf/gf/third/golang.org/x/sys/windows"
-    "syscall"
-)
-
-// See net.RawConn.Control
-func Control(network, address string, c syscall.RawConn) (err error) {
-	return c.Control(func(fd uintptr) {
-        if err = windows.SetsockoptInt(windows.Handle(fd), windows.SOL_SOCKET, windows.SO_REUSEADDR, 1); err != nil {
-            return
-        }
-	})
-}
--- a/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_z_unit_test.go
+++ b/g/net/greuseport/greuseport_z_unit_test.go
@ -1,213 +0,0 @@
-// +build linux darwin dragonfly freebsd netbsd openbsd
-
-package greuseport_test
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"github.com/gogf/gf/g/net/greuseport"
-    "html"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"net/http"
-	"net/http/httptest"
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-const (
-	httpServerOneResponse = "1"
-	httpServerTwoResponse = "2"
-)
-
-var (
-	httpServerOne = NewHTTPServer(httpServerOneResponse)
-	httpServerTwo = NewHTTPServer(httpServerTwoResponse)
-)
-
-func NewHTTPServer(resp string) *httptest.Server {
-	return httptest.NewUnstartedServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		fmt.Fprint(w, resp)
-	}))
-}
-func TestNewReusablePortListener(t *testing.T) {
-	listenerOne, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp4", "localhost:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerOne.Close()
-
-	listenerTwo, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerTwo.Close()
-
-	listenerThree, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp6", "[::]:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerThree.Close()
-
-	listenerFour, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp6", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerFour.Close()
-
-	listenerFive, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp4", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerFive.Close()
-
-	listenerSix, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerSix.Close()
-}
-
-func TestListen(t *testing.T) {
-	listenerOne, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp4", "localhost:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerOne.Close()
-
-	listenerTwo, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerTwo.Close()
-
-	listenerThree, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp6", "[::]:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerThree.Close()
-
-	listenerFour, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp6", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerFour.Close()
-
-	listenerFive, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp4", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerFive.Close()
-
-	listenerSix, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerSix.Close()
-}
-
-func TestNewReusablePortServers(t *testing.T) {
-	listenerOne, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp4", "localhost:10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerOne.Close()
-
-	listenerTwo, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp6", ":10081")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	defer listenerTwo.Close()
-
-	httpServerOne.Listener = listenerOne
-	httpServerTwo.Listener = listenerTwo
-
-	httpServerOne.Start()
-	httpServerTwo.Start()
-
-	// Server One — First Response
-	resp1, err := http.Get(httpServerOne.URL)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	body1, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp1.Body)
-	resp1.Body.Close()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	if string(body1) != httpServerOneResponse && string(body1) != httpServerTwoResponse {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %#v or %#v, got %#v.", httpServerOneResponse, httpServerTwoResponse, string(body1))
-	}
-
-	// Server Two — First Response
-	resp2, err := http.Get(httpServerTwo.URL)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	body2, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp2.Body)
-	resp1.Body.Close()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	if string(body2) != httpServerOneResponse && string(body2) != httpServerTwoResponse {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %#v or %#v, got %#v.", httpServerOneResponse, httpServerTwoResponse, string(body2))
-	}
-
-	httpServerTwo.Close()
-
-	// Server One — Second Response
-	resp3, err := http.Get(httpServerOne.URL)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	body3, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp3.Body)
-	resp1.Body.Close()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	if string(body3) != httpServerOneResponse {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %#v, got %#v.", httpServerOneResponse, string(body3))
-	}
-
-	// Server One — Third Response
-	resp5, err := http.Get(httpServerOne.URL)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	body5, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp5.Body)
-	resp1.Body.Close()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Error(err)
-	}
-	if string(body5) != httpServerOneResponse {
-		t.Errorf("Expected %#v, got %#v.", httpServerOneResponse, string(body5))
-	}
-
-	httpServerOne.Close()
-}
-
-func BenchmarkNewReusablePortListener(b *testing.B) {
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		listener, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp", ":10081")
-
-		if err != nil {
-			b.Error(err)
-		} else {
-			listener.Close()
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func ExampleNewReusablePortListener() {
-	listener, err := greuseport.Listen("tcp", ":8881")
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	defer listener.Close()
-
-	server := &http.Server{}
-	http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		fmt.Println(os.Getgid())
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, %q\n", html.EscapeString(r.URL.Path))
-	})
-
-	panic(server.Serve(listener))
-}
--- a/g/net/gtcp/gtcp_server.go
+++ b/g/net/gtcp/gtcp_server.go
@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ var serverMapping = gmap.NewStringInterfaceMap()
 // 获取/创建一个空配置的TCP Server
 // 单例模式，请保证name的唯一性
 func GetServer(name...interface{}) (*Server) {
-    sname := gDEFAULT_SERVER
+    serverName := gDEFAULT_SERVER
    if len(name) > 0 {
-        sname = gconv.String(name[0])
+        serverName = gconv.String(name[0])
    }
-    if s := serverMapping.Get(sname); s != nil {
+    if s := serverMapping.Get(serverName); s != nil {
        return s.(*Server)
    }
    s := NewServer("", nil)
-    serverMapping.Set(sname, s)
+    serverMapping.Set(serverName, s)
    return s
 }

@ -65,19 +65,24 @@ func (s *Server) SetHandler (handler func (*Conn)) {
 // 执行监听
 func (s *Server) Run() error {
    if s.handler == nil {
-        return errors.New("start running failed: socket handler not defined")
-    }
-    tcpaddr, err := net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", s.address)
-    if err != nil {
+        err := errors.New("start running failed: socket handler not defined")
+        glog.Error(err)
        return err
    }
-    listen, err := net.ListenTCP("tcp", tcpaddr)
+    addr, err := net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", s.address)
    if err != nil {
+        glog.Error(err)
+        return err
+    }
+    listen, err := net.ListenTCP("tcp", addr)
+    if err != nil {
+        glog.Error(err)
        return err
    }
    for  {
        if conn, err := listen.Accept(); err != nil {
            glog.Error(err)
+            return err
        } else if conn != nil {
            go s.handler(NewConnByNetConn(conn))
        }
--- a/g/net/gudp/gudp_server.go
+++ b/g/net/gudp/gudp_server.go
@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 package gudp

 import (
+    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/os/glog"
    "net"
    "errors"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/g/container/gmap"
@ -30,15 +31,15 @@ var serverMapping = gmap.NewStringInterfaceMap()
 // 获取/创建一个空配置的UDP Server
 // 单例模式，请保证name的唯一性
 func GetServer(name...interface{}) (*Server) {
-    sname := gDEFAULT_SERVER
+    serverName := gDEFAULT_SERVER
    if len(name) > 0 {
-        sname = gconv.String(name[0])
+        serverName = gconv.String(name[0])
    }
-    if s := serverMapping.Get(sname); s != nil {
+    if s := serverMapping.Get(serverName); s != nil {
        return s.(*Server)
    }
    s := NewServer("", nil)
-    serverMapping.Set(sname, s)
+    serverMapping.Set(serverName, s)
    return s
 }

@ -64,14 +65,18 @@ func (s *Server) SetHandler (handler func (*Conn)) {
 // 执行监听
 func (s *Server) Run() error {
    if s.handler == nil {
-        return errors.New("start running failed: socket handler not defined")
+        err := errors.New("start running failed: socket handler not defined")
+        glog.Error(err)
+        return err
    }
    addr, err := net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp", s.address)
    if err != nil {
+        glog.Error(err)
        return err
    }
    conn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", addr)
    if err != nil {
+        glog.Error(err)
        return err
    }
    for {
--- a/g/os/gcache/gcache_mem_cache.go
+++ b/g/os/gcache/gcache_mem_cache.go
@ -119,6 +119,9 @@ func (c *memCache) doSetWithLockCheck(key interface{}, value interface{}, expire
    if f, ok := value.(func() interface {}); ok {
        value = f()
    }
+    if value == nil {
+        return nil
+    }
    c.data[key] = memCacheItem{v : value, e : expireTimestamp}
    c.dataMu.Unlock()
    c.eventList.PushBack(&memCacheEvent{k : key, e : expireTimestamp})
--- a/g/os/gcfg/gcfg.go
+++ b/g/os/gcfg/gcfg.go
@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ import (
 )

 const (
-    DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE = "config.toml" // 默认的配置管理文件名称
+    // 默认的配置管理文件名称
+    DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE = "config.toml"
 )

 // 配置管理对象
@ -37,6 +38,8 @@ type Config struct {
    vc     *gtype.Bool              // 层级检索是否执行分隔符冲突检测(默认为false，检测会比较影响检索效率)
 }

+// New returns a new configuration management object.
+//
 // 生成一个配置管理对象
 func New(path string, file...string) *Config {
    name := DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE
@ -55,19 +58,15 @@ func New(path string, file...string) *Config {
    return c
 }

+// filePath returns the absolute configuration file path for the given filename by <file>.
+//
 // 判断从哪个配置文件中获取内容，返回配置文件的绝对路径
 func (c *Config) filePath(file...string) (path string) {
    name := c.name.Val()
    if len(file) > 0 {
        name = file[0]
    }
-    c.paths.RLockFunc(func(array []string) {
-        for _, v := range array {
-            if path, _ = gspath.Search(v, name); path != "" {
-                break
-            }
-        }
-    })
+    path = c.GetFilePath(name)
    if path == "" {
        buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
        if c.paths.Len() > 0 {
@ -128,7 +127,8 @@ func (c *Config) AddPath(path string) error {
    return nil
 }

-// 获取指定文件的绝对路径，默认获取默认的配置文件路径，当指定的配置文件不存在时，返回空字符串，并且不会报错。
+// 查找配置文件，获取指定配置文件的绝对路径，默认获取默认的配置文件路径；
+// 当指定的配置文件不存在时，返回空字符串，并且不会报错。
 func (c *Config) GetFilePath(file...string) (path string) {
    name := c.name.Val()
    if len(file) > 0 {
@ -136,9 +136,14 @@ func (c *Config) GetFilePath(file...string) (path string) {
    }
    c.paths.RLockFunc(func(array []string) {
        for _, v := range array {
+            // 查找当前目录
            if path, _ = gspath.Search(v, name); path != "" {
                break
            }
+            // 查找当前目录下的config子目录
+            if path, _ = gspath.Search(v, "config" + gfile.Separator + name); path != "" {
+                break
+            }
        }
    })
    return
@ -150,23 +155,38 @@ func (c *Config) SetFileName(name string) {
    c.name.Set(name)
 }

+// 获取配置管理对象的默认文件名称
+func (c *Config) GetFileName() string {
+    return c.name.Val()
+}
+
 // 添加配置文件到配置管理器中，第二个参数为非必须，如果不输入表示添加进入默认的配置名称中
+// 内部带缓存控制功能。
 func (c *Config) getJson(file...string) *gjson.Json {
-    filePath := c.filePath(file...)
-    if filePath == "" {
+    name := c.name.Val()
+    if len(file) > 0 {
+        name = file[0]
+    }
+    r := c.jsons.GetOrSetFuncLock(name, func() interface{} {
+        filePath := c.filePath(file...)
+        if filePath == "" {
+            return nil
+        }
+        if j, err := gjson.Load(filePath); err == nil {
+            j.SetViolenceCheck(c.vc.Val())
+            // 添加配置文件监听，如果有任何变化，删除文件内容缓存，下一次查询会自动更新
+            gfsnotify.Add(filePath, func(event *gfsnotify.Event) {
+                c.jsons.Remove(event.Path)
+            })
+            return j
+        } else {
+            glog.Errorfln(`[gcfg] Load config file "%s" failed: %s`, filePath, err.Error())
+        }
        return nil
-    }
-    if r := c.jsons.Get(filePath); r != nil {
+    })
+    if r != nil {
        return r.(*gjson.Json)
    }
-    if j, err := gjson.Load(filePath); err == nil {
-        j.SetViolenceCheck(c.vc.Val())
-        c.addMonitor(filePath)
-        c.jsons.Set(filePath, j)
-        return j
-    } else {
-        glog.Errorfln(`[gcfg] Load config file "%s" failed: %s`, filePath, err.Error())
-    }
    return nil
 }

@ -186,6 +206,14 @@ func (c *Config) GetVar(pattern string, file...string) gvar.VarRead {
    return gvar.New(nil, true)
 }

+// 判断指定的配置项是否存在
+func (c *Config) Contains(pattern string, file...string) bool {
+    if j := c.getJson(file...); j != nil {
+        return j.Contains(pattern)
+    }
+    return false
+}
+
 // 获得一个键值对关联数组/哈希表，方便操作，不需要自己做类型转换
 // 注意，如果获取的值不存在，或者类型与json类型不匹配，那么将会返回nil
 func (c *Config) GetMap(pattern string, file...string)  map[string]interface{} {
@ -349,14 +377,3 @@ func (c *Config) Reload() {
    c.jsons.Clear()
 }

-// 添加文件监控
-func (c *Config) addMonitor(path string) {
-    // 防止多goroutine同时调用
-    if c.jsons.Get(path) != nil {
-        return
-    }
-    gfsnotify.Add(path, func(event *gfsnotify.Event) {
-        // 删除文件内容缓存，下一次查询会自动更新
-        c.jsons.Remove(event.Path)
-    })
-}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
John	62580b5719	add examples for gredis	2019-03-21 23:51:57 +08:00
John	15cfd5ce5c	add g.Export	2019-03-21 18:21:53 +08:00
John	11c89c4090	fix issue in GetOrSetFuncLock of gmap/gcache; add gutil.IsEmpty/Export functions	2019-03-21 18:20:20 +08:00
John	4a12cb9f27	version updates	2019-03-21 10:52:12 +08:00
John	32f575eddd	update unit test of gins	2019-03-21 10:36:24 +08:00
John	fbb4cb3b1c	add more unit test cases for gredis	2019-03-21 10:04:53 +08:00
John	c9d2d5e8ab	add configuration support for maxIdle/maxActive/idleTimeout/maxConnLifetime of gredis; update gjson.Append/Len functions; add more unit test cases for gredis/gins/gstr/gjson	2019-03-21 00:14:23 +08:00
John	93763192f2	version updates	2019-03-19 17:55:02 +08:00
John	80e0eae6b0	add TLSConfig support for ghttp.Server	2019-03-19 17:48:37 +08:00
John	4e3d735b90	add logging for gcron	2019-03-19 13:58:18 +08:00
John	60e5a7da28	add more unit test cases for grand/gstr	2019-03-18 23:52:25 +08:00
John	997b5ba889	README updates	2019-03-18 14:10:30 +08:00
John	b3e7ca1963	travis updates	2019-03-18 14:05:46 +08:00
John	5a82d695c1	mv greuseport to a new repo	2019-03-18 13:56:16 +08:00
John	64a0427150	travis updates	2019-03-18 13:34:51 +08:00
John	bca5532df8	version updates	2019-03-17 22:36:58 +08:00
John	72eeadd9aa	Merge branch 'master' into develop	2019-03-17 22:31:15 +08:00
John	0af55794f6	add more unit test cases for gdb	2019-03-17 22:26:41 +08:00
John	25a6c53533	add unit test cases for gfsnotify	2019-03-15 14:54:01 +08:00
John	9f9172c775	update unit test cases of package gconv	2019-03-15 09:05:56 +08:00
John	320e0db417	fix int-overflow issue in gconv.String when converting int64 to string; add more unit test cases for package gconv	2019-03-15 00:22:39 +08:00
John	cb8362d447	update unit test cases of package gins	2019-03-14 23:28:56 +08:00
John	45a83fc53c	unit test cases update for package gins	2019-03-14 00:23:46 +08:00
John	3411bd1c1d	merge master	2019-03-13 22:41:00 +08:00
John	6ab0a77364	add more defaulr searching paths for g.Config()	2019-03-13 22:12:59 +08:00
John	281bae4116	unit test cases update for package gins	2019-03-13 09:11:50 +08:00
John	218c692fe0	update unit test cases	2019-03-12 23:56:09 +08:00
John	fa69b581e1	update unit test cases	2019-03-12 23:50:30 +08:00
John	bd0baceeca	update unit test cases	2019-03-12 23:47:27 +08:00
John	e71c837472	update unit test cases	2019-03-12 23:45:44 +08:00
John	782aaabd07	add more unit test cases for gins; update text/template for gview	2019-03-12 23:26:10 +08:00
John	8ae9276732	add disable cache feature option for package gspath	2019-03-12 00:24:31 +08:00
John	79a3aa5916	add more unit test cases for package gvalid	2019-03-11 22:58:21 +08:00
John	733c5db228	version updates	2019-03-11 22:33:43 +08:00
John	6171c621a7	fix issue in missing customed error messages in package gvalid	2019-03-11 22:33:20 +08:00
John	802568856c	version updates	2019-03-11 16:35:44 +08:00
John	127fb67185	add session id check in session object initialzing	2019-03-11 16:33:51 +08:00
John	5db039bbce	gdb.Model updates, rename Alterable function to Safe, change gdb.Model alterable in default, update Where function to support more cases when using map as its param, add more unit test cases for gdb.Model	2019-03-11 16:14:55 +08:00
John	8a3365d18e	ghttp comment updates	2019-03-10 00:39:34 +08:00
John	2ae5b1a4f8	add more unit test cases for ghttp.Server	2019-03-10 00:35:03 +08:00
John	f9515d7126	version updates	2019-03-09 10:20:11 +08:00
John	b56679a97c	revert g.Map to map[string]interface{}, add g.MapAnyAny	2019-03-09 10:17:21 +08:00
John	d1b123964a	README updates	2019-03-08 21:07:18 +08:00
John	991f7c4958	ghttp.Response updates	2019-03-08 19:03:22 +08:00
John	770619c39e	update unit test cases og gcron	2019-03-08 18:27:11 +08:00
John	4ad5450b80	gtest updates; remove one unit test case of gconv.Struct	2019-03-08 18:18:29 +08:00
John	49ce7fe885	fix data race issue of gqueue	2019-03-08 17:54:50 +08:00
John	e66f63262b	add more unit test cases for ghttp.Server	2019-03-08 17:31:30 +08:00
John	94bd5da68a	add map key operator support in Where function for gdb	2019-03-08 11:12:52 +08:00
John	3eee95caf2	VERSION updates	2019-03-08 10:35:35 +08:00
John	5c638c630a	add select in support for slice type of arguments in Where function of gdb	2019-03-08 10:33:36 +08:00
John	a6ec9d7a1c	update gdb.Model.Where, orverwrite args if multiple calls Where function	2019-03-08 10:18:38 +08:00
John	374c70c0e3	README updates	2019-03-08 09:03:32 +08:00
John	40771066d4	travis updates	2019-03-08 08:48:53 +08:00
John	22a7ef43ce	Merge branch 'master' into develop	2019-03-08 00:21:52 +08:00
John	05f22d1cee	README updates	2019-03-08 00:15:57 +08:00
John	ebf56a86ab	add Alterable function for gdb.Model	2019-03-07 23:53:56 +08:00
John	2ba59e8943	fix issue in gtime convert in package gconv; add Structs/Scan functions for gdb.Model; add GetStructs/GetScan functions for gdb.Base and gdb.TX	2019-03-07 23:36:45 +08:00
John	83be1de04c	remove error returns from router registry functions of WebServer; add more unit test cases for WebServer	2019-03-06 15:21:00 +08:00
John	c8251ed82f	g.Map updates	2019-03-06 10:38:50 +08:00
John	2335ea0c4d	merge master	2019-03-05 21:07:54 +08:00
John	5d874e9063	add example code for gconv.Map; comment updates of gdb	2019-03-05 17:52:34 +08:00
John	e352b07055	add issue_template	2019-02-26 22:51:30 +08:00
John	fdea242b50	Merge branch 'master' into develop	2019-02-26 22:23:24 +08:00
John	72ecf2d2af	TODO++	2019-02-25 12:39:07 +08:00
John	0f854e46d8	refact Merge function for garray; add more frequently-used type alias for gf	2019-02-22 09:08:46 +08:00
John	4564f38e1a	add PopRands/Rands functions for garray	2019-02-20 19:06:08 +08:00
John	7e06bf6705	Merge branch 'master' into qiangg_garray2	2019-02-20 16:28:24 +08:00
John	d780cf64c2	garray updates	2019-02-20 14:18:11 +08:00